Orange color code. HTML tutorial. RGB colors. Safe palette colors

In HTML, color can be specified in three ways:

Setting a color in HTML by its name

Some colors can be specified by their name, using the color name on the English. The most common keywords: black, white, red, green, blue, etc.:

Text color – red

The most popular colors of the World Wide Web Consortium standard Wide Web Consortium, W3C):

Example of using different color names:

Example: specifying a color by its name

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Header on red background

Header on orange background

Heading on lime background

White text on blue background

Header on red background

Header on orange background

Heading on lime background

White text on blue background

Specifying Color Using RGB

When displaying different colors on a monitor, the RGB palette is used as a basis. Any color is obtained by mixing three basic ones: R - red, G - green, B - blue. The brightness of each color is specified as a single byte and can therefore take values ​​from 0 to 255. For example, RGB(255,0,0) is displayed as red because red is set to its most high value(255), and the rest are set to 0. You can also set the color as a percentage. Each parameter indicates the brightness level of the corresponding color. For example: the values ​​rgb(127, 255, 127) and rgb(50%, 100%, 50%) will set the same medium green color:

Example: Specifying Color Using RGB

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rgb(127, 255, 127)

rgb(50%, 100%, 50%)

rgb(127, 255, 127)

rgb(50%, 100%, 50%)

Set color by hexadecimal value

Values R G B can also be specified using hexadecimal (HEX) color values ​​in the form: #RRGGBB where RR (red), GG (green) and BB (blue) are hexadecimal values ​​from 00 to FF (same as decimal 0-255) . The hexadecimal system, unlike the decimal system, is based, as its name suggests, on the number 16. The hexadecimal system uses the following signs: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. Here the numbers from 10 to 15 are replaced in Latin letters. Numbers greater than 15 in hexadecimal system represent the combination of two characters into one meaning. For example, the largest number is 255 in decimal system corresponds to the highest FF value in hexadecimal. Unlike the decimal system, a hexadecimal number is preceded by a hash symbol. # , for example, #FF0000 is shown as red because red is set to its highest value (FF) and the rest of the colors are set to their minimum value (00). Signs after the hash symbol # You can type in both uppercase and lowercase. The hexadecimal system allows you to use the abbreviated form #rgb, where each character is equivalent to double. Thus, the entry #f7O should be regarded as #ff7700.

Example: HEX Color

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red: #FF0000

green: #00FF00

blue: #0000FF

red: #FF0000

green: #00FF00

blue: #0000FF

red+green=yellow: #FFFF00

red+blue=purple: #FF00FF

green+blue=cyan: #00FFFF

List of common colors (name, HEX and RGB):

Color codes (background) by saturation and hue.

>>Color management

Hexadecimal RGB color values

Methods of describing and processing color differ from each other in what final representation they are intended for. Let us compare, for example, the representation of colors for printing and for computer monitors. In the first case, the basis is taken white the color of the paper on which three primary colors are subsequently applied: blue, purple And yellow. Mixing with each other and with the white color of paper in different proportions, these three primary colors give different color shades, except for pure black, or in the complete absence of paints they give white paper. If we add black color to them, we get CMYK- a method of transmitting color when the required color is obtained by subtracting the missing colors from white.

In the second case, the basis is taken black the color of the monitor screen, each cell of which glows in one of three colors: red-red, green-green and blue-blue. Then, in the complete absence of any glow, we get a pure black screen color, and any of the required colors is given by the ratio of each of the three colors. In this case we will get RGB-method of color transmission. Primary colors can range from 0 to 255 , or from 0% to 100% , or can be represented as a hexadecimal value. In the figure below you can see the results of mixing primary colors.

The hexadecimal number system, unlike the decimal number system, has not ten digits, but sixteen - hence the name. Accordingly, there can only be non-repeating variants of combinations of two digits - 256 , to continue the series of numbers after 9 letters from A to F, therefore, the series will look like this -

In this case, the color is specified by three hexadecimal numbers, each of which consists of two digits. The first number determines the intensity red colors, medium- green, last- blue colors. All numbers can take values ​​in the range from 00 to FF(from 0 to 255). For example: green color is given as #00FF00, red - like #FF0000, blue - like #0000FF, white - like #FFFFFF, complete absence of color or black is given as #000000 .

In the form below you can specify any hexadecimal values ​​for each of the three colors and see the result of mixing them by clicking in the output field.

Examples of some hexadecimal RGB color values: gradations of red, blue and green.

Specifying Color Using String Literals

For ease of use, some colors and their combinations were assigned names that are recognized by all browsers, and it became possible to specify many of them by name. The table below shows some of the color names:

Using a safe color palette

Unfortunately, on different platforms,with different system settings, correct color rendering is a,problem. The thing is that the browser always tries to adjust the color palette of the document to suit system settings and the capabilities of the monitor, by independently mixing colors and replacing them. As a result, sometimes the user does not see exactly what the webmaster wanted to show him. A way out of this situation was found in the use of a palette, each color of which is guaranteed to be rendered equally by all browsers on different platforms. This is the so-called guaranteed palette, also called safe palette. This palette includes colors whose color components take the following values: 00 ,33 ,66 ,99 , CC,FF, in all possible ways 216 their combinations.

Vlad Merzhevich

In HTML, color is specified in one of two ways: using hexadecimal code and by the name of certain colors. The method based on the hexadecimal number system is predominantly used, as it is the most universal.

Hexadecimal colors

To set colors in HTML, numbers are used. hexadecimal code. The hexadecimal system, unlike the decimal system, is based, as its name suggests, on the number 16. The numbers will be as follows: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C , D, E, F. Numbers from 10 to 15 are replaced by Latin letters. In table 6.1 shows the correspondence between decimal and hexadecimal numbers.

Numbers greater than 15 in the hexadecimal system are formed by combining two numbers into one (Table 6.2). For example, the number 255 in decimal corresponds to the number FF in hexadecimal.

To avoid confusion in defining the number system, a hexadecimal number is preceded by a hash symbol #, for example #aa69cc. In this case, the case does not matter, so it is permissible to write #F0F0F0 or #f0f0f0.

A typical color used in HTML looks like this.

Here the background color of the web page is set to #FA8E47. The hash symbol # in front of a number means it is hexadecimal. The first two digits (FA) define the red component of the color, the third through fourth digits (8E) define the green component, and the last two digits (47) define the blue component. The end result will be this color.

Each of the three colors - red, green and blue - can take values ​​from 00 to FF, resulting in a total of 256 shades. Thus, the total number of colors can be 256x256x256 = 16,777,216 combinations. A color model based on red, green and blue components is called RGB (red, green, blue). This model is additive (from add - add), in which the addition of all three components forms the color white.

To make it easier to navigate hexadecimal colors, take into account some rules.

• If the values ​​of the color components are the same (for example: #D6D6D6), then the result will be a gray tint. How larger number, the lighter the color, with values ​​ranging from #000000 (black) to #FFFFFF (white).
• A bright red color is formed if the red component is made maximum (FF) and the remaining components are set to zero. A color with a value of #FF0000 is the reddest possible red shade. The situation is similar with green(#00FF00) and blue (#0000FF).
• Yellow (#FFFF00) is made by mixing red and green. This is clearly visible on the color wheel (Fig. 6.1), which presents the primary colors (red, green, blue) and complementary or additional ones. These include yellow, cyan and violet (also called magenta). In general, any color can be obtained by mixing colors close to it. Thus, cyan (#00FFFF) is obtained by combining blue and green.

Rice. 6.1. Color wheel

Colors based on hexadecimal values ​​do not have to be empirically selected. Suitable for this purpose graphic editor able to work with different color models, For example, Adobe Photoshop. In Fig. Figure 6.2 shows the window for selecting a color in this program; the resulting hexadecimal value of the current color is outlined with a line. You can copy and paste it into your code.

Rice. 6.2. Window for choosing a color in Photoshop program

Web colors

If you set the monitor's color rendering quality to 8 bits (256 colors), then the same color can be displayed in different browsers in my own way. This is due to the way graphics are displayed, when the browser works with its own palette and cannot show a color that is not in its palette. In this case, the color is replaced by a combination of pixels of other, close to it, colors that imitate the given one. To ensure that the color remains the same across different browsers, a palette of so-called web colors was introduced. Web colors are those colors for which each component - red, green and blue - is set to one of six values ​​- 0 (00), 51 (33), 102 (66), 153 (99), 204 (CC), 255 (FF). The hexadecimal value of this component is indicated in parentheses. The total number of colors from all possible combinations gives 6x6x6 - 216 colors. An example web color is #33FF66.

The main feature of web color is that it appears the same in all browsers. IN at the moment The relevance of web colors is very small due to the improvement in the quality of monitors and the expansion of their capabilities.

Colors by name

To avoid having to remember a set of numbers, you can use the names of commonly used colors instead. In table 6.3 shows the names of popular color names.

It doesn't matter whether you specify a color by its name or by using hexadecimal numbers. These methods are equal in their effect. Example 6.1 shows how to set the background and text colors of a web page.

Example 6.1. Background and text color

Example text

IN in this example The background color is set using the bgcolor attribute of the tag , and the text color through the text attribute. For variety, the value of the text attribute is set to a hexadecimal number, and the bgcolor attribute is set to a reserved one keyword teal.

Minecraft Codes flowers, or Minecraft codes formatting, allow any player to add flowers and format text in every possible way directly in Minecraft. Color codes from &0-9 - to &a-f. Add them before your text. Messages from players may contain color codes, which allow you to add color to your sentences.

Colors and formatting codes

The ampersand sign (&) followed by hexadecimal number in messages signals the client to switch colors when displaying text. Additionally, text can be formatted with an & followed by a letter. You can add different colors to books, command blocks, server name, server description (motd), world names, signs, and even player names.

It's very easy to format your text in configs or in game using the color chart below. &r is used to reset all codes, i.e. &mAAA&rBBB will be displayed as AAA BBB.

We present a table of existing color codes in Minecraft for your convenience:

Sometimes it is necessary underline, cross out, highlight any text. This is done using text formatting. It is used in exactly the same way as colors (we put before the text code, for example &lMinecraft = Minecraft.

For your convenience, below is a table of formatting codes: