• What to do if the screen of death appears. Causes of the blue screen of death. Blue screen due to software

    Many of you have probably already heard more than once from friends and acquaintances about such a concept as a blue screen. death of Windows 7 that appeared on their computer, also called BSOD ( Blue Screen of Death).

    With the appearance of a blue screen, Windows warns us that, and it is advisable to eliminate them in a timely manner. The death screen displays error codes by which you can understand why it is happening, and from this you can conclude which component of the computer is malfunctioning or a software problem.

    If your computer with Windows 7 starts to issue a BSOD, then you and I need to understand why it appears, and to do this you need to write down the error code in your notepad or take a photo of the monitor screen, and then fill in the error data in the search bar or, we look for what it means or read the entire article, in it you will find codes for the most common errors due to which the blue screen of death appears. But first, we will do the preparatory work.

    In order for you and me to have time to record or photograph the blue screen error code, we need to do some system settings.

    You need to disable rebooting the PC when an error occurs, and also enable recording of debugging information in a memory dump.

    • Memory dump- the contents of RAM at a certain point in time, let’s say a special image.
    • Small memory dump - part of memory that is written to hard drive during failures, only the most important information remains there.

    In order to go to the system settings, open “Start”, select “Computer”, right-click on it and select “Properties”

    A new window will open in which we select the “Advanced” tab and click the “Options” button in the “Boot and Recovery” item

    Next, look at the “Recording debugging information” section, where you need to select “Small memory dump 256 KB”

    Now your computer is set up, the next time it fails it will not reboot, and you can safely write down the error code or take a photo of it.

    Blue screen of death, Windows 7 error codes

    Let's now look at the most common error codes.

    • KMODE EXCEPTION NOT HANDLED - the computer generates this error if there is a problem with the hardware (for example, some computer component has failed) or a problem with the drivers.
    • NTFS FILE SYSTEM - problems with file hard system disk, this problem may occur in several cases:

    * presence of viruses in the boot area of ​​the hard drive

    * structure damage file system.

    • INACCESSIBLE BOOT DEVICE – when this error appears, the operating system Windows system says that she could not access boot partition disk. There can be many problems that caused this error. For example, a problem in the PC hardware: a damaged hard drive, a faulty controller, faulty individual computer components, or a software problem: viruses or file system errors.
    • IRQL NOT LESS OR EQUAL – this error may appear if there is a problem with drivers or some Windows system service
    • PAGE FAULT IN NONPAGED AREA – a blue screen of death with this code means that the data that the system is looking for is not in memory; accordingly, when the operating system accesses, for example, data in the paging file, but there is nothing there, such an error will appear. The error often appears due to problems with RAM, system errors Windows services or due to a damaged file system.
    • KERNEL DATA INPAGE ERROR – the operating system is unable to read data from memory. This error can be caused by faulty RAM, problems with hard drive due to unreadable sectors or HDD controller problem.
    • KERNEL STACK INPAGE ERROR – The OS was unable to read the paging file and write data to the hard drive. The main reasons for this error: a problem with RAM or hard drive.
    • UNEXPECTED KERNEL MODE TRAP is an error that appears at the system kernel level. The reasons that caused it can be both hardware and software.
    • STATUS SYSTEM PROCESS TERMINATED – error caused by software glitch, problems with system services, drivers or applications
    • DATA BUS ERROR - a blue screen appears when there is a failure in the RAM or when the video adapter malfunctions.

    Blue screen of death Windows 7, what to do?

    After you and I have determined what error we are getting, we need to establish the reason why our computer began to malfunction. To do this, you need to remember what latest changes happened on your computer. You may have installed new program or updated drivers for some device. To eliminate the human factor, you need to remove the latest installed programs, and also roll back the drivers to previous versions. If errors began to appear after installing new hardware in system unit, then you need to turn it off and watch the computer work.

    In order to resolve the error caused by a software glitch, you need to try the following steps.

    • Roll back installed new drivers to the previous version;
    • Execute Windows startup with last known good configuration;
    • Perform a system restore using the standard Windows function.

    I advise you to check the amount remaining free space on the system hard section disk, since a small amount of memory can cause system failures. Don't forget to check your computer for viruses, you can use free utility Dr.Web Cureit or the utility from Kaspersky Lab KVRT. If the blue screen of death continues to appear, I recommend installing the latest package Windows updates 7.

    Reset BIOS settings By default, the computer components may have been overclocked incorrectly, causing the hardware to operate at incorrect settings that differ from the factory settings, thereby causing malfunctions. To reset the settings, you need to go into the BIOS, press the F5 key and press F10 to save the settings. The computer should restart and apply the new settings.

    You can find out the cause of a BSOD by looking at its contents. On a blue background, reporting data on system error. At the bottom of the screen, a separate line usually contains the name of the file that caused the failure and the path to it. The only problem is that most often, immediately after the blue screen appears, an automatic reboot follows, and the user is unable to read the information.

    To read and decrypt the blue screen, right-click on the “My Computer” icon and select “Properties”. On the Advanced tab, under Startup and Recovery, select Options. Uncheck the box next to “Perform automatic reboot.” If a critical error occurs, the computer will no longer restart automatically, and you will be able to see a blue screen with information about problems.

    Information about the system state is saved in a memory dump. This file by default it is saved in the C:\Windows\Minidump folder.

    Determining the cause of the error

    Pay attention to the detailed description of the error on the blue screen. It looks like a phrase in capitals in Latin letters. In this case, words can be separated by an underscore: PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA. What follows technical information with a description of the addresses that caused the system to stop, for example 0x8872A990, 0x804F35D8, etc. And after this comes the name of the file that caused the error.

    Rewrite the information indicated on the blue screen. You can send them to Microsoft technical support by entering them in the appropriate field on the company's official website.

    Remember what apps you downloaded last year? lately, after which a blue screen began to appear. Perhaps the computer configuration is too weak for their normal operation, and the blue screen protects the system from various failures, such as processor overheating, memory errors, etc. It also doesn't hurt to check your system for viruses.

    Use the free BlueScreenView utility to help decipher the blue screen. Download the Bluescreenview.exe file from the developer’s website and run it. Select Advanced Options from the Option menu and specify the path to the memory dump folder. Click Refresh on the toolbar. The program will indicate dump files sorted by date. Explore them all. Those that could cause an error and lead to the crash of the operating system will be marked in red.

    How to find out the cause of the appearance blue screen of death (BSOD), as well as options BSOD fixes from computer

    Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) Windows. Theory.

    Blue screen of death(Blue Screen of Death, Blue Screen of Doom, BSoD) – message about a critical system Windows error, as a result of which the operating system cannot continue working and goes into a forced restart without saving data.

    Preparing for Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)

    May be caused by a malfunction of some equipment or failure software(drivers most often) Screen of death errors are displayed on a screen with a blue background, on which the REASON for its occurrence is written. Therefore, the most important task will be to extract from this message the lines after the second or third paragraph, written in CAPITAL LETTERS with an underscore PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA) and the lines after Technical information: that begin with *** For example:
    *** STOP: 0x00000050 (0x8872A990, 0x00000001, 0x804F35D7, 0x00000000)
    *** SPCMDCON.sys - Address FBFE7617 base at FBFE5000, Date Stamp 3d6dd67c)
    Lines to remember in the blue screen of death:

    An equally important task is to save a dump file that contains the error report blue screen of death (BSOD). By default it is enabled in both Windows Xp and Windows Seven (7), but if you have it disabled then:
    If the operating system is Windows 7: Right-click on “My Computer” -> Properties -> Additional options system -> “Advanced” tab -> After the “Boot and recovery” lines, click on “Options” -> check the “Write event to system log” checkbox and uncheck “Perform automatic reboot”. Do as in the image

    If the operating system is Windows Xp: Right-click on “My Computer” -> Properties -> “Advanced” tab -> After the “Startup and Recovery” lines, click on “Options” -> check the box “Write event in system log” and Uncheck the “Perform automatic reboot” checkbox.

    Next time blue screen of death (BSOD) Firstly, the computer will not automatically reboot, and secondly, it will save a dump file in which information about the blue screen of death (BSOD) will be stored.

    Determining the cause of the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)

    After completing the steps, turn on the computer and try to boot Windows.
    If when loading you immediately get a blue screen of death, then the next time you reboot we boot into safe mode, just select not safe mode, but “Disable automatic reboot when system failure”


    Let's write down the lines that we need on a sheet of paper.

    IN in this case As you can see, the system file SPCMDCON.sys is to blame. Therefore, the first thing you need to do is delete it or, on the contrary, restore it. To do this, boot from a bootable Live Cd or bootable Live usb and delete it manually (or restore it). We are looking through Live boot disk on the Windows drive SPCMDCON.sys and rename it, for example, SPCMDCON(2).sys. Reboot the computer. If it helps and everything is ok, I congratulate you, if not, we continue to fight the blue screen of death (BSOD) using the same method until we defeat it.
    If the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) does not immediately appear and Windows boots, then check the Dump file. To do this, download BlueScreenView
    Launch BlueScreenView.exe. The drivers that caused the blue screen are highlighted in red.


    They must be removed in manual mode and then install newer ones (often causes a blue screen of death of the video card driver)

    Blue screen of death (BSOD) during games or after different periods of time (reinstalling Windows does not help)

    If the situation is such that everything has already been experienced and reinstalling Windows and other methods, but the blue screen does not go away, then the problem is in the computer hardware. CPU and RAM tests will help you here. This may be a reason to purchase new video card without replacing a power supply that is not designed for such a load, or a faulty RAM stick. To make things easier, here is a list of the most common Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) errors.

    The most common Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) errors – taken from the Microsoft website

    1. KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED- a kernel mode process attempted to execute an invalid or unknown processor instruction. May be due to hardware incompatibility, hardware malfunction, driver or system service errors.
    2. NTFS_FILE_SYSTEM- crash when executing the ntfs.sys file system driver code. The reason may be a violation of data integrity on the disk (failed cluster) or in memory, damage to the IDE or SCSI drivers.
    3. DATA_BUS_ERROR- a parity error was detected in the RAM. The reason is defective or incompatible equipment, for example, a failure in the second level cache chip or in video memory. It may also be associated with an incorrectly working or incorrectly configured driver, or a disk failure.
    4. IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL- a kernel mode process tried to access a memory area using an IRQL (Interrupt Request Level) that was unacceptably high for it. May be caused by errors in the driver, system service, BIOS, or incompatible driver, service, software (for example, antivirus).
    5. PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA- the requested data is not in memory (for example, the system looks for the required data in the paging file, but does not find it). Usually associated with hardware failure (defective memory), file system corruption, system service or antivirus error.
    6. KERNEL_STACK_INPAGE_ERROR- cannot read from the swap file in physical memory the requested memory page. Reasons - defective sector of the file virtual memory, controller failure hard drives, there is not enough disk space, incorrect connection hard drive, interrupt conflict, RAM defect, virus.
    7. MISMATCHED_HAL- the hardware abstraction level (HAL) and the system kernel do not match the computer type. Most often associated with a situation where a second processor is installed in the original system, forgetting to manually update HAL and ntoskrnl. It may also be caused by a version mismatch between hal.dll and ntoskrnl.exe.
    8. KERNEL_DATA_INPAGE_ERROR- the requested data page cannot be read into physical memory. Reasons: defective sector of the virtual memory file, hard drive controller failure, RAM failure, virus, disk controller failure, defective RAM.
    9. INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE- during the boot process the OS was unable to access system partition. There can be many reasons for this common failure: a defective boot disk or disk controller; equipment incompatibility; boot virus; an error in the file system, for example in the Partition Table; Damage or absence of a file necessary for downloading, for example - NTLDR; absence of a hard disk controller driver or mismatch of the current driver installed equipment; included in BIOS mode DMA; DRIVE SWAPPING mode for changing drive letters included in CMOS Setup; resource allocation conflict between the disk controller and another device; corruption of loading driver data in system registry; installing the system on a partition beyond the first 1024 cylinders of the hard drive; error in boot.ini file.
    10. UNEXPECTED_KERNEL_MODE_TRAP- occurrence of a trap not supported by the kernel or a fatal error (such as division by zero). Hardware failure or software failure.
    11. STATUS_SYSTEM_PROCESS_TERMINATED- a failure in a service running in user mode. The failure may be due to incorrect work application programs, drivers, third-party system services.
    12. STATUS_IMAGE_CHECKSUM_MISMATCH- the driver file is damaged or lost, or system library. May be caused by a file system crash or accidental deletion of a system file.

    If you have any questions, ask them in the comments. We'll be happy to help!

    Unfortunately, it happens that over time Windows users XP has a problem while working on a PC or when loading the OS in the form of a “screen of death”. The error is often caused by overheating of the equipment, conflict of PC components, infection malicious applications. This list can be continued endlessly, since failure can be caused by a variety of reasons.

    Any of the critical errors can be an unpleasant consequence of displaying “BSOD” on the monitor, which stands for “Blue Screen Of Death”. Below is a guide on how to avoid the Blue Screen of Death on your Windows XP computer, and details what to do if it does happen.

    BSOD - what is it?

    Despite the menacing name, this screen is designed to help the user and is protective Windows function HR. It already contains detailed text with a description and recommendations for solving the problem. After carefully studying the error codes displayed on the screen, the computer owner can accurately take the necessary measures to eliminate the causes of the failure.

    However, sometimes some users mistake other programs with a blue interface, such as BIOS, for the “screen of death”. By accidentally touching a key when booting the computer, or in some other way, sometimes the PC owner starts the BIOS, which also blue and newbies mistakenly take it for the well-known “blue screen of death”. If a menu similar to the image below appears on your monitor,

    then you just need to click “ESC” or click on the “Exit Without Saving” item. After this, the PC will start in the user’s usual mode.

    Also if Windows work XP was completed incorrectly; a blue screen may appear when the disk is analyzed for the presence of various errors.

    You shouldn’t be afraid of it either, but you just need to wait and let the “Chkdsk” application perform its functions, after which Windows XP will boot itself.

    But if the user sees the following image:

    then you will have to follow the steps described below in this manual.

    How to decrypt the information displayed on the BSOD?

    A detailed study of the information and codes presented on this screen will allow you to quickly and effectively eliminate the causes of the failure.

    At the top of the screen information is available from detailed description errors. The following are recommendations on how to resolve any difficulties that may arise. After them specific digital codes errors. And in the case when a failure occurred due to some file, the name of this file will be shown.

    The main causes of BSOD

    Knowing the reasons why a problem may arise, you can effectively take preventive measures to prevent failures from occurring.

    The main reasons are divided into 3 groups:

    1. Computer components;
    2. Software for equipment (drivers);
    3. Applications.

    PC components

    This includes the most common reasons the “screen of death” appears. Therefore, you should first pay attention to whether new equipment was installed immediately before the failure occurred. Also, the error is often caused by RAM or hard drive, so it is recommended to test the RAM and hard drive of the computer.

    Very rarely, but there are problems due to the video card or even due to central processor. They also need to be tested. For this purpose, specialists have developed many applications.

    Many users install additional fees to increase PC speed. If there are any, then you should temporarily disable them and work on the PC for a while. In the case where the error does not manifest itself without them, we can draw an unambiguous conclusion about the cause of the failure.

    When a blue screen appears during operation, very often the cause is a weak or outdated power supply. In this case, it is recommended to install a new power supply - with best characteristics power.

    Hardware software (drivers)

    More than half of all screen of death cases are related to drivers. If you need to reinstall the software, you must uninstall it before doing so. installed driver and only after that install the current version from the official source of the equipment manufacturer.

    Applications

    Just as with drivers, the issue can be resolved by reinstalling the application, but first completely removing it and clearing the registry of program remnants.

    Often, when running 2 antiviruses on one computer at once, errors appear that cause BSOD. You should protect one operating system with only one antivirus utility.

    The procedure for troubleshooting a problem in Windows XP

    Sometimes Windows XP after a crash automatic mode restarts or the PC owner, by clicking on “RESET”, reboots the computer himself, and the system begins to function normally again. However, cases are not uncommon when the OS does not boot after a crash even in safe mode, and the “screen of death” is again displayed before the user’s eyes.

    In such a situation, you will need to use external installation media with Windows distribution XP.

    You need to do the following:

    1. IN BIOS priority set OS startup with external media and depending on its type, install it into the computer’s optical drive (CD) or into a USB port (flash drive).
    2. Next, restart the PC;
    3. The menu “ Windows installation XP";
    4. Then activate the “Restore Windows XP” command from the menu - to do this, click the “R” button;
    5. After that, in the next menu that appears, click “1” and click on “Enter”;
    6. Type the PC access code (if the user has previously specified it) and click “Enter” again;
    7. In the invitation window, type “fixboot”;
    8. The system recommendation “Do you want to write a new boot sector to the C: directory?” will be displayed. - you need to click on the “Y” button;
    9. Then type “fixmbr” and click on the “Y” button again;
    10. Click “Enter”;
    11. Type “exit”, close the program, restart the PC;
    12. Open BIOS, where you specify to start the OS from the hard drive.

    Now the computer will work normally again. Despite the fact that the procedure consists of 12 steps, it usually takes no more than five minutes to complete, and this is guaranteed to eliminate the BSOD problem.

    Most users, when interacting closely with a computer, have encountered a sudden shutdown of the system, accompanied by a blue screen with incomprehensible information. This is the so-called "BSOD", and today we will talk about what it is and how to deal with it.

    BSOD is an acronym that literally means Blue Screen of Death. It was impossible to say more precisely, because after the appearance of such a screen further work without a reboot is impossible. In addition, such system behavior indicates quite serious problems in the PC software or hardware. BSODs can occur both when the computer boots and while it is running.

    There are a great many options for errors written on blue screens, and we will not analyze each one separately here. It is enough just to know that the causes that cause them can be divided into software and hardware. The first includes failures in drivers or other programs closely related to the operating system, and the second includes problems with RAM and hard drives. Incorrect settings BIOS, for example, incorrect voltage or frequency values ​​during overclocking can also cause BSOD.

    Most special cases are described on the website bsodstop.ru. To work with this resource, you need to understand the structure of the data provided by the system.

    The most important thing is hexadecimal code errors shown in the screenshot. This information should be found on the website.

    In the event that the system automatically reboots and there is no way to read the information, perform the following actions:

    Now when appearance of BSOD reboot can only be performed manually. If you cannot access the system (an error occurs during boot), you can set the same parameters in boot menu. To do this, when starting the PC, you need to press the key F8 or F1 and then F8, or Fn+F8. In the menu you need to select disable automatic reboot during a crash.

    Reason 1: Drivers and programs

    Drivers are main reason occurrence of blue screens. These can be either firmware for hardware or files embedded in the system by some software. If a BSOD occurs precisely after installing the software, then there is only one way out - to “roll back” to the previous state of the system.

    If there is no access to the system, then you need to use the installation or bootable media with the version of the OS recorded on it that is on at the moment installed on PC.

    Read more: How to create bootable USB flash drive With ,


    Carefully monitor the behavior of the system after installing any programs and drivers and create restore points manually. This will help you correctly identify the causes of errors and eliminate them. Timely update operating system and the same drivers can also save you from a lot of problems.

    More details:
    How to update operating system ,

    Reason 2: "Iron"

    Hardware problems, causing BSOD, the following:

    • Lack of free space on system disk or section

      You need to check how much storage capacity is available for recording. This is done by right-clicking on the corresponding disk (partition) and going to properties.

      If there is little space, that is, less than 10%, you need to remove unnecessary data, unused programs and clean the system of garbage.

    • New devices

      If a blue screen occurs after connecting new components to the motherboard, then you should try to update their drivers (see above). If unsuccessful, you will have to stop using the device due to its possible malfunction or inconsistency of characteristics.

    • Errors and bad sectors on your hard drive

      To identify this problem, you should check all drives for problems and, if possible, resolve them.

    • RAM

      Faulty RAM modules are very often the cause of failures. You can identify “bad” modules using the program.

    • Overheat

      BSOD can also be caused by overheating of components - processor, video card or components motherboard. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to correctly determine the temperature of the hardware and take steps to normalize it.

    Reason 4: BIOS

    Incorrect motherboard firmware settings (BIOS) can lead to a critical system error and a blue screen. The best solution in this situation would be to reset the settings to default.

    Reason 3: Viruses and antiviruses

    Viruses that have entered your computer may block some important files, including system ones, and also interfere with the normal operation of drivers. You can identify and eliminate “pests” using free scanners.

    If virus attack has closed access to the system, then execute this operation will help, recorded on removable media. In this case, scanning is performed without loading the operating system.

    Antivirus programs can also behave inappropriately. They often block "suspicious" system files responsible for normal work services, drivers and, as a result, hardware components. You can get rid of the problem by disabling or uninstalling your antivirus.

    Features of a blue screen in Windows 10

    Due to the fact that Microsoft developers try to limit user interaction with system resources, the information content of BSODs in Windows 10 has decreased significantly. Now we can only read the name of the error, but not its code and the names of the files associated with it. However, the system itself now has a tool for identifying and eliminating the causes of blue screens.

    1. Let's go to "Control Panel" by calling the line "Run" keyboard shortcut Win+R and entering the command

    2. Switch to display mode " Small icons" and go to the applet "Security and Service Center".

    3. Next we follow the link "Troubleshooting".

    4. Open the block containing all categories.

    5. Select an item "Blue screen".

    6. If you want to fix the problem immediately, click "Next" and follow the prompts "Masters".

    7. In the same case, if you need to get information about the error, click on the link "Additionally".

    8. In the next window, uncheck the box next to the inscription "Automatically apply fixes" and proceed to the search.

    This tool will help you get detailed information about BSOD and take appropriate action.

    Conclusion

    As you can see, fixing BSODs can be quite complex and demanding. large quantity time. In order to avoid critical errors, update your drivers and system in a timely manner, do not use dubious resources to download programs, do not allow components to overheat, and before overclocking, read the information on specialized sites.

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