OLED TVs: advantages and disadvantages of technology. See what "OLED" is in other dictionaries

OLED (organic light emitting diode) - semiconductor device based on organic crystals that emit light when electric current is passed through them.

OLEDs are a thin layered organic structure based on carbon.

The emissive layer is located between the cathode, which gives electrons to the emissive layer, and the anode, which takes electrons from it. The emissive layer is charged negatively, the conductive layer is charged positively. Electrostatic forces cause electrons to move towards holes. When a collision occurs (occurs near the emission layer), the recombination process begins with the emission of photons (radiation).

Organic LEDs, like inorganic LEDs, emit waves in the visible spectrum. Devices using OLED technology use many such layers.

How much can you earn by renting out an LED screen? Find out about it by reading.

OLED display cost

The best OLED display manufacturers today are LG, Samsung, and Sony.

The cost of high-quality OLED displays starts from RUB 165,000/sq.m.

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Electronic devices with displays have become an integral part of our daily lives, requiring more and more attention. The eyes of millions of people are drawn to the screens of monitors and televisions, tablet PCs and smartphones, photo and video cameras every day. Some work, some play, but everyone wants to see a high-quality image on the display.

Over the past few years, LCD technology has held the leadership in the production of matrices. LED backlight. However, OLED technology, based on the ability of organic light-emitting diodes to emit light, continues to “tread on its heels”. What are OLED displays and what prevents them from competing on equal terms with LCD screens?

Operating principle and manufacturing technology

Organic light-emitting diode, or OLED for short, is a semiconductor device made from organic compounds that emit visible light when electrical current is passed through. In a single copy, an organic LED is of no practical interest. Therefore, they are combined into matrices to create information display devices.

OLED technology is a process of creating a thin-film structure on which several layers of polymers with different conductivities are applied. The figure shows a vertical section of the OLED structure in a two-layer interpretation. Here, two polymer layers are located between the electrodes (anode and cathode), to which a voltage of the appropriate polarity is applied. In this case, the upper (emissive) layer is filled with electrons emitted by the cathode, which rush to the boundary with the lower (conducting) layer. At the same time, the conductive layer receives a positive charge from the anode, directing holes to the boundary with the upper layer. The boundary of two polymers resembles the p-n junction of a conventional semiconductor, where the recombination process occurs. But in in this case charged particles recombine in the emission layer, which is achieved due to the higher speed of holes in organic structures. As in conventional LEDs, the loss of energy by an electron is accompanied by the emission of photons in the visible wave spectrum. For this reason, the top layer is called emissive.

An organic LED emits light only when the polarity of the supply voltage is observed. If a reverse voltage is applied to the electrodes, then electrons and holes will not recombine. The material for the anode is usually a film of transparent indium oxide, and the material for the cathode is aluminum or calcium.

Main directions

Independent research on the creation of OLED matrices among scientists different countries contributed to the emergence of LED displays that differ in type and purpose. Each technology has its own practical advantages and, therefore, development prospects.

TOLED (Transparent OLED) – positioned as a transparent organic light-emitting device. Technologically, it is possible to set any direction of radiation, including two-way. TOLEDs are distinguished by a high-contrast image and transparency of the film when turned off, which significantly expands the scope of their application.
FOLED (Flexible OLED) – is implemented by fixing an organic film between flexible electrodes. The electrodes can be either the thinnest aluminum foil or a transparent film borrowed from TOLED. Thus, it is possible to create flexible transparent screens with a wide range of capabilities, placing them on the windshield of cars and airplanes. There are already TVs with curved OLED displays on sale.
SOLED (Stacked OLED) is a structure of vertically stacked organic light-emitting diodes. Each subpixel (blue, red, green) is located on top of each other, which allows you to increase the screen resolution several times. An undeniable feature of SOLED is its color fill factor of 100%. This means that when the screen color is set to red, all pixels will glow only red. Enabling a similar mode in displays with a horizontal structure will turn off blue and green pixels. As a result, so-called gaps will appear, which will become noticeable on large diagonal screens.

It is obvious that the subsequent development of OLED technologies consists of the combined implementation of these techniques and the production of flexible transparent high-contrast displays.

A separate line is worth highlighting OLED white light panels. Their practical implementation is simpler, since it eliminates the need to create separate pixels and control matrices. Using a phosphor you can set any shade, and by changing the current you can adjust the brightness. Panels large size can be used as economical ceiling and wall lamps.

Main differences between OLED displays

The main difference between OLED and LCD displays is the absence of a backlight unit. Organic LEDs emit light on their own and do not require an additional light source to form an image. In turn, the image quality of an LCD screen directly depends on the type of backlight and, despite the replacement of fluorescent lamps with more compact LEDs, it is impossible to do without it. Even the thinnest LED backlight consists of SMD LEDs, light guides, reflectors and their attachment points, which naturally affects the thickness, weight, image quality and reliability of the product.

In addition, OLED matrices are credited with lower power consumption, again due to the lack of backlighting. However, this difference is not so significant. To illuminate each organic LED, current must be passed through it. As a result, a 55″ OLED TV consumes about 100 W, which is comparable to the consumption of a similar LCD TV.

An important characteristic of any display is the viewing angle. In OLED screens, this parameter has been brought to perfection, which means that you can look at it from any side, top and bottom, without deteriorating image quality. In LCD panels, a similar result was achieved on IPS matrices. However, it was not possible to completely get rid of distortions.

The contrast of OLED displays is several times higher than that of liquid crystal counterparts, which is explained by two factors. Firstly, there is no additional lighting. Secondly, a switched-off organic LED does not emit anything, which means it is perceived by the eye as an absolutely black dot. The contrast ratio of currently produced TVs is 10,000:1. According to the developers, this is far from the limit.

The OLED display is 1000 times faster than LCD. This is evidenced by a response time of approximately 10 μs. Comparing this value with the capabilities of the human eye, we can safely say that there is no inertia when watching the most dynamic videos.

The brightness of each Organic LED depends on the magnitude of the forward current. By controlling the pixel current, it is possible to achieve the required brightness without loss of quality, which was impossible to implement in LCD technology. Working with an OLED monitor is equally pleasant both at night and in sunny weather. In theory, the brightness of an OLED matrix can exceed 100 thousand cd/m2. But in this mode, the service life of LEDs is sharply reduced. Therefore, in practice, the brightness is still limited to 1000 cd/m2.

Advantages and disadvantages of OLED technology

Based on the previous section, there are several positive aspects that make OLED displays superior to all previous technologies:

Less weight and size, which is achieved due to the small thickness of the matrix;
- low energy consumption, which will further decrease in the future;
ideal viewing angle;
- lack of backlight;
- contrast, brightness and response time are several orders of magnitude better than LCD;
- the ability to create flexible and transparent screens that will operate stably over a wide temperature range.

Like anyone process, the manufacture of OLED matrices has disadvantages that significantly slow down their mass production. Moreover, the main limiting factor does not depend so much on the imperfection of technology, but is determined by purchasing power.

The second disadvantage is the short time continuous operation organic LEDs of some colors. But this problem has already been successfully solved, which is confirmed serial production laptops and TVs with OLED matrix from world-famous companies.

The disadvantages include the screen burn-in effect, which occurs due to prolonged display of a static image. The effect resembles the manifestation of a false picture on a CRT and plasma monitors. To prevent LEDs from burning out, new matrix models feature a dynamic shift of color pixels that is invisible to the eye.

OLED technology will be improved and refined for several more years, which today can also be called its negative side.

Prospects and scope

There is no doubt that OLED technology will dominate the electronics market. But so far this innovative way of displaying information has to overcome great difficulties associated with the need for large commercial investments. For this reason, some companies have significantly reduced costs or even stopped funding research to create their own OLED matrices. For example, Sony relied on the production of LCD TVs with 4K resolution, considering this approach to be economically justified.

Among those who are not going to give up and continue to improve the quality of OLED displays, the favorites are South Korean LG and Samsung. In the near future, these companies expect to reduce the cost of OLED matrices and become their main suppliers for other electronic equipment manufacturers.

Already now we can observe the active promotion of “smart” gadgets with small screens. OLED watches, smartphones, netbooks find their buyers, for whom an overpayment of 20-30% is nothing compared to a super high-quality image. Retail price of a 55˝ OLED TV at at the moment 2-2.5 times higher than an LCD TV with the same parameters.

Time will tell how quickly OLED can take over. One thing is certain - OLED market displays will progress every year.

What is LED?

The abbreviation LED stands for light-emitting diode. These are small solid-state elements that convert the movement of electrons through a semiconductor into light radiation. Compared to incandescent and fluorescent lamps, LEDs are quite small, but the light they emit is very bright. However, the size of the LED is still not small enough to use a separate such element for each pixel of a television picture - from this point of view, they are, alas, too large. Therefore, LEDs are used exclusively as backlight in LCD TVs.

What is OLED?

The abbreviation OLED stands for organic light-emitting diode. To put it very simply, OLEDs are made from special organic components that light up when electricity is passed through them. At first glance, there may not seem to be much difference between OLED and LED, but OLEDs can be very thin, small, and flexible. On a TV screen, which is made on the basis of organic light-emitting diodes, each individual pixel is illuminated on its own, independently of the others.

So which is better - OLED or LED/LCD?

In terms of quality, OLED TVs are superior to LED/LCD screens in almost all respects. However, picture quality is not the only indicator big picture much more multifaceted. Therefore, we invite you to consider point by point, step by step, all the parameters that should be taken into account when comparing OLED and LED TVs.

Color Space Winner: OLED

Recently introduced OLED TV models are capable of producing a wider gamut of colors than LED/LCD TVs. To put it simply, OLED TVs are capable of reproducing finer shades of colors from the visible spectrum.

Response Time – Winner: OLED

Even though technical parameters LED/LCD TVs are constantly being improved, OLED technology is simply pushing them to the margins in the race for indicators characterizing response time. In fact, OLED technology offers the fastest response time of any TV technology in use today. Thus, organic LED is the undisputed winner in this race. The faster the response time, the less motion blur, the less artifacts on the screen (regardless of the signal source).

Black Level – Winner: OLED

A display's ability to perfectly reproduce deep blacks is the most important factor in ensuring excellent quality images. The darker the black color on the screen, the higher the contrast of the image and the richer the color gamut (among other parameters), which in turn makes the image more realistic and mesmerizing. If we talk about comparing the quality of black color display, then OLED technology is the undisputed champion.
An LED display is a display that uses LED backlighting on a liquid crystal panel. Even with modern dimming technologies that dim LEDs that don't need to shine on full power, LED TVs are not up to the task of reproducing deep blacks. In addition, they suffer from some involuntary glowing around the edges.
OLED TVs are not affected by any of the above problems. If no electricity is supplied to the OLED pixel, it emits absolutely no glow and therefore remains black, like anthracite.

Brightness – Winner: LED/LCD

(by a small margin)

If we talk about brightness, then LED TVs have an advantage, albeit a small one. LEDs are ideal sources emitting extremely bright light. An OLED TV screen can also be quite bright. However, regularly switching on the organic LED that forms the pixel to maximum brightness not only shortens the life of this pixel, but also increases the period of time required for this pixel to return to black mode.

Viewing Angles – Winner: OLED

This is a rather difficult issue to discuss at this point, since OLED TVs sold in electronics supermarkets are TVs with curved screens. Therefore, despite the fact that OLED TVs are supposed to offer us an ideal viewing angle based on the fact that organic LEDs still emit light and do not try to block it (as happens in LED/LCD models), the curvature of the screen has its own nuances that cause a number of difficulties. First of all, the side that is curved away from the off-axis viewer will be less visible than the side that is curved toward that viewer. Secondly, the curvature of the screen leads to the fact that its anti-reflective coating may slightly change the color shades of the picture when viewing it with sharp corners. But even taking into account all of the above, OLED technology is still in a more advantageous position in terms of these indicators and is the undisputed winner.

Size – Winner: LED/LCD

(as of 2014)

One day (we hope we don't have to wait too long for that day) each of us will be free to dream of owning an 80-inch OLED TV. But today, alas, our dreams are limited to 55 inches. At the same time, the Sharp corporation produces LED/LCD TV TVs with a screen diagonal of 90 inches - sort of mammoths of the television world (if we talk about size), which can be bought today, although their price is as high as the price of OLED models.
Frankly speaking, the fact that the screen sizes of OLED TVs, despite all the difficulties and problems faced by production in initial stage, grown to 55 inches, is already very significant. However, now that the 55-inch OLED display has become a reality, it is very possible that progress towards conquering new heights in terms of screen size will proceed at a faster pace.

Dimensions, weight, power consumption - winner: OLED

OLED panels are extremely thin and do not require any additional lighting. And therefore, based on this, an OLED TV is, as a rule, lighter and much thinner than its fellow LED/LCD TV. Additionally, an OLED TV consumes less power, making it more efficient to use.

Screen Burn-in – Winner: LED/LCD

We wrote this section with great reluctance. Firstly, because “burn-in” is not quite the correct term (it is just a deterioration in quality), and secondly, because most users will not encounter this problem.
We first encountered the effect, which was called “screen burn-in,” in the days when televisions were bulky boxes based on a cathode ray tube. In those days, prolonged display of a static picture on the screen of such a TV led to “burning out” of its contours on the screen. However, in fact, this was due to the fact that the long, continuous glow of the phosphorus coating on the back wall of the television screen led to the fact that this very coating quickly wore out, which, in fact, was the reason for the appearance of a burnt-out picture on the screen. We think this effect should be called something else. But, as they say, “we can do what we can.”

Plasma and OLED panels are subject to the same problem, as the components that produce light wear out over time. If you keep a particular pixel turned on for long periods of time, its glow will begin to dim before its intended lifespan, and definitely before other pixels that are less used. Which, in general, will create certain problems for the entire screen. However, in reality, few viewers may encounter this problem. You won’t deliberately “rape” your TV to make this problem happen, will you? Even the graphical logo “shortcut” used by most TV channels disappears from the screen from time to time, giving the pixels that create it the necessary time to rest, which will help avoid burnout. In order for this problem to arise, you will have to watch the STB channel around the clock, days and nights, for many weeks, on maximum level brightness But even this will not necessarily lead to the channel logo “burning out” the pixels that form it.
But since such a problem potentially exists, it should be mentioned. And since LED/LCD TVs are not subject to burnout, they technically win in this regard.

Price – winner: LED/LCD

Currently, if you want to buy an OLED TV, it will cost you either $9,000 (Samsung model) or $15,000 (LG model). It will be surprising if LG doesn't reduce the price of its OLED TV in the coming months. But in any case, even $9,000 is too much for a TV. And even though you may spend a significant amount of money on purchasing a TV with big screen, the vast majority of TVs with a diagonal of 55-65 inches will cost you about half as much (and this is at least) than an OLED TV. Thus, if the issue of affordability is a key factor for you when choosing a TV, then the most the best option you will be purchasing an LED/LCD model. And, most likely, this price situation will continue for at least the next few years.

Lifetime – Winner: LED/LCD

(as of 2014)

If we talk about the lifespan of OLED TVs, then given the relative youth of this technology, it is quite difficult to give any clear answers. However, we can make some assumptions based on the fact that the component used in an OLED to transmit blue light has a relatively short lifespan. And this gives some cause for concern, since if the quality of one color deteriorates, the entire gamut will suffer. Samsung seems to be trying to solve this problem, using a "blue pixel" twice the size of other color pixels and reducing the voltage applied to that pixel. LG uses white sub-pixels and installs color filters above them to produce the desired red, green and blue colors. Perhaps these tricks will bring results, but only time and the widespread use of OLED TVs will be able to show how high a safety margin an OLED screen has and how many years it can last. Based on this, we decided to award the title of winner in this parameter to LED/LCD TVs, since their life spans are more or less known and are quite acceptable.

We have a winner! Wait... Is there a winner?

In terms of image quality, an OLED TV leaves absolutely no chance of winning over LED/LCD. Plasma is capable of the same thing, for that matter. However, if image quality is your main concern, you'll have to make a lot of compromises. You'll have to live with the 55-inch screen size limitation while your neighbors boast about their new 70-inch TV. You will have to come to terms with the fact that an OLED TV bought today for crazy money will cost much less in a few years. You will have to come to terms with the fact that you won't be able to hang your TV on the wall, while those people who grow up to buy their first OLED model in about two years will be able to become the owners of a much thinner TV that will simply still blend in with the interior of their living room. And finally, you will have to restrain your emotions, trying not to think about the fact that your TV may not last ten years.
Thus it rises main question: If money is not a problem for you, is it worth buying an OLED TV today, or is it better to wait a few years?

Liquid crystal display ( LCD-display, LCD; liquid crystal indicator, LCD; English liquid crystal display, LCD) - a display based on liquid crystals, as well as a device (monitor, TV) based on such a display.

LCD monitor screens (Liquid Crystal Display) are made of a substance (cyanophenyl) that is in a liquid state, but at the same time has some properties inherent in crystalline bodies. In fact, these are liquids that have anisotropy of properties (in particular optical ones) associated with order in the orientation of molecules.

Their main feature is the ability to change orientation in space under the influence of an electric field. And if a light source is placed behind the matrix, then, passing through the crystal, the flow will be colored specific color. By changing the electric field strength, you can change the position of the crystals, and therefore the visible amount of one of the primary colors. Crystals work like a valve or filter. Controlling the entire matrix makes it possible to display a specific image on the screen.

Liquid crystal materials were discovered back in 1888 by the Austrian scientist F. Renitzer, but it was only in 1930 that researchers from the British Marconi Corporation received a patent for their industrial use.

At the end of 1966, RCA Corporation demonstrated a prototype LCD monitor - digital clock. Sharp Corporation played a significant role in the development of LCD technology. It is still among the technology leaders. The world's first calculator CS10A was produced in 1964 by this corporation. In October 1975, the first compact digital watch was produced using TN LCD technology. In the second half of the 70s, the transition began from eight-segment liquid crystal displays to the production of matrices with addressing of each point. So, in 1976 Sharp released black and white tv with a screen diagonal of 5.5 inches, based on an LCD matrix with a resolution of 160x120 pixels.

One of the highest quality types of LCD matrices is IPS. It is IPS technology that dominates in mobile devices, as it has good color reproduction and, which is especially important for smartphones, good viewing angles.

The operating life of the LCD TV (display) is about 60,000 hours.

LED screen ( LED screen, LED display) is a device for displaying and transmitting visual information (display, monitor, TV), in which each point - pixel - is one or more semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LED).

LED - this is what is now commonly abbreviated as a liquid crystal (LCD) panel with light-emitting diode (LED) backlight. Not long ago, they used to backlight the LCD matrix. fluorescent lamps(CCFL), but today they have been completely and irrevocably replaced by LEDs. The matrix works in the light. Essentially, each RGB pixel represents a “shutter” (actually a filter) for the light emitted by the LEDs. By the way, very interesting option, when the TV uses “local” backlighting, that is, many LEDs are installed behind the matrix and can illuminate only a certain area. Then a high contrast ratio is achieved in one frame, but the first such models literally “came in spots.” However, today most LED TVs have edge lighting, when the diodes are located on the sides (at the end). This design allows us to make extremely flat, energy-efficient and lightweight video panels.

Most often the service life LED TVs belongs to the range from 50 to 100 thousand hours.

Organic light-emitting diode (abbr. OLED) is a semiconductor device made from organic compounds that effectively emit light when an electric current passes through them.

The basic technology for creating displays is based on the fact that a carbon-based organic film is placed between two conductors that transmit electric current, which causes the film to emit light.

The main difference between this technology and LED is that the light is emitted from each pixel individually, so a bright white or colorful color pixel can be next to a black pixel or a completely different color without them affecting each other.

This distinguishes them from traditional LCD panels, which are equipped with a special backlight, the light from which passes through a layer of pixels.

Unfortunately, OLED pixels differ not only in color, but also in a number of other characteristics - brightness level, service life, on/off speed, and others. To ensure relatively uniform characteristics of the screen as a whole, manufacturers have to resort to a variety of tricks: varying the shape and size of the LEDs, placing them in a special order, using software tricks, adjusting the brightness using PWM (that is, roughly speaking, pulsation), and so on.

Moreover, the technologies for implementing the matrices themselves differ slightly. So, LG uses a “sandwich”, while Samsung uses a classic RGB scheme. OLED can be bent, seemingly without any special consequences. Therefore, concave TVs were also built based on this technology.

Read in our article which TV screen is better to choose, with what resolution and for what purposes. After all, choosing a TV now seems like a very difficult task. A couple of decades ago, you only had to think about the diagonal of the device.

Now everything has changed - TVs have different functionality, different quantities connectors, and also, most importantly, a display created using different technologies. Almost everything depends on the matrix on the TV! It is the screens that will be discussed in this article, designed to make your choice a little easier.

Why did “plasma” die? And what monitor technologies have replaced

For many years, CRT models ruled the TV market. They were bulky, and their screen resolution was usually 576p. However, no one thought about resolution then, because content was consumed only through TV channels or a VCR. TV manufacturers began to change something only after the popularization of digital technology. First DVDs appeared, and then even amateur video cameras learned to shoot in higher quality. This is how LCD TVs began to appear.

Many people initially thought that all LCD screens were exactly the same. Out of ignorance, such people called all LCD TVs “plasma”. This happened because at one time plasma TVs really became very popular.

At that moment they were the only ones providing the most high quality pictures - when choosing “LCD or plasma” with enough money, you had to lean towards the second option. However, over time, LCD displays created using IPS technologies or PLS, caught up and surpassed the quality of the displayed image plasma panels.

Nowadays plasma screen TVs are not produced at all - this process has ceased to be profitable. And much newer technologies have already replaced them, providing almost perfect color rendition.

Interestingly, at one time there were even projection televisions. But they remained a niche solution - many consumers were not even aware of their existence. Therefore, in our article we will not mention such an unusual technology, limiting ourselves to more popular types of displays.

Since the early 2000s, large manufacturers have been experimenting with OLED technology. Creating a tiny screen based on it is not a lot of work. Gradually I began to introduce appropriate displays into my smartphones. At one time it even came to tablets.

However, the large-scale OLED panels needed for televisions have long been too expensive to manufacture. This was due to high percentage release of defective products. Fortunately, technology is gradually improving. As a result, OLED screens are now being built into LG products. Of course, such TVs remain expensive, but purchasing them no longer costs millions of rubles, and this is exactly what happened at the dawn of the development of technology based on organic light-emitting diodes.

And a competitor appeared in the form of a display created from so-called quantum dots. In a word, now choosing a TV has become more complicated. Especially if you have a significant amount of free money.

Budget segment - which TV screen is better

Which TV screen is better: Edge LED or DIrect Led

If you are going to buy a relatively inexpensive TV, then you will not choose: LED or OLED. The point is that in budget segment, when the cost of the device does not exceed 50 thousand rubles, only traditional LCD TVs are presented. That is, their screen was created using LCD technology.

This means that the matrix is liquid crystal. Each cell has the ability to flexibly change the degree of transparency, transmitting a certain amount of light. The trouble is that such a matrix needs backlighting, otherwise the user will not see the picture. And the backlit layer increases the thickness of the screen, at the same time indirectly affecting the quality of color rendering.

Surely you have come across TVs or monitors that have light in the corners or edges of the screen - it is clearly visible when displaying black. This is due to the uneven distribution of LEDs behind the screen. Fortunately, this problem is becoming less and less common now.

So, with the implementation LED backlight(and no other exists now, CCFL fluorescent lamps are a thing of the past) The LCD TV turns into an LED device. Usually these three letters are written on the box with the product. However, it should be noted that the type of LED backlight may still differ. The most popular now are two varieties:

Edge LED - side-type lighting. LEDs are built into one, two or all four edges of the screen.
Direct LED- carpet or direct type lighting. That is, the entire array of LEDs is located directly behind the LCD panel.

The second option is less energy efficient. But with its help, you can perform local dimming of the picture, making the black color deeper, and with this technology you can completely forget about side lights.

Plasma or LED?

If this question had been asked in 2005, it would have been worth thinking about. In those days, Direct LED backlighting could only be a dream, so only plasma panels provided close to ideal black color. Also LCD TVs for a long time lost to “plasma” in viewing angles.

But since then the situation has changed dramatically. Now you will not find plasma TVs in stores - they can only be purchased through services free ads. They have become too expensive to produce.

At the same time, LED TVs are much thinner, and their problem with viewing angles was solved by the introduction of new technologies for the production of LCD displays. It was also noticed that plasma panels slowly burn out in those places where a static picture is displayed (for example, a TV channel logo). LCD displays do not have this problem.

Types of LCD screens: which TV matrix should you avoid?

Not everyone suspects this, but LCD screens can be created using different technologies. The quality of color rendering, response time, viewing angles and many other parameters depend on this.

TN+film

The cheapest TVs and monitors have a display created using TN technology. This matrix offers the fastest response time (about 2 ms), which should definitely appeal to gamers. However, all other parameters of TN are far behind LCD displays created using more modern technologies.

Firstly, despite the efforts of engineers, the viewing angles of a TN screen cannot be maximized. If when viewing a picture on the left and right it is almost not distorted, then it is almost impossible to look at the TV from above or below. Secondly, such a screen will not have the widest color gamut. Thirdly, the contrast is also far from ideal.

In a word, you should consider a TV with a TN matrix only if it is purchased for a summer residence. Typically, such devices have a small diagonal, so all the above shortcomings will be clearly visible.

S-PVA

LCD screens using this technology are mainly produced by Samsung. They have fairly deep black colors (this parameter largely depends on the backlight implementation). It is not for nothing that such a matrix was previously built into the vast majority of professional monitors used by photographers and editors.

The S-PVA display is good in many ways. But he cannot be called ideal - most often he suffers from not the most wide angles review. However, color distortion is noticeable to a lesser extent than when looking at a TN matrix. Despite the fact that such screens are produced mainly by a South Korean company, they can also be found in TVs under other brands - for example, in models from TP Vision (distributed under the Philips brand) and Sony.

IPS

An excellent type of matrix, ideal for low and mid-price TVs. Has maximum viewing angles. This allows you to look at the screen from above, below, from the side - whatever you want. However, such an LCD panel also has disadvantages. Firstly, the black brightness level reaches about 0.16 nits - which is very high. Secondly, the response time even in the best variations of the IPS screen is 5 ms. Gamers will definitely pay attention to this.

Be that as it may, if there is a shortage of funds, there is no other choice. It is the IPS display that mid-budget TVs are most often equipped with. Such LCD panels are mainly produced by LG Display. They are built not only into South Korean TVs, but also into products under the brands Philips, Panasonic and some others.

UV2A

Which TV screen is better: UV2A matrix on the right, TN on the left

Relatively new type matrices In many respects it is second only to OLED. This screen has very deep black colors (from 0.02 to 0.06 nits). In terms of viewing angles, the technology is only slightly inferior to IPS. In short, a TV with such a display will definitely please you with its color reproduction.

Unfortunately, only Sharp produces screens using UV2A technology. She is currently going through some financial problems. As a result, it is unable to produce enough displays for the market. Even the Japanese build this matrix into their own TVs relatively rarely. Another similar screen can be found in some Philips TVs. That's all.

Premium segment – OLED or QLED screens?

Which TV screen is better: bright or not dim? :)

If you are willing to spend a lot of money on a TV, then two new technologies will be available to you: OLED and QLED. Of course, in the premium segment there are also advanced LED devices, but we still recommend paying attention to those technologies that belong to the future.

OLED

The display, created using OLED technology, consists of organic light-emitting diodes. That is, each pixel on such a panel glows independently. The absence of backlighting allows you to make the display, and at the same time the entire TV, thinner.

Moreover, some OLED matrices bend remarkably, literally curling up into a tube. Therefore, it should not be surprising that more and more curved TVs are appearing in stores. Their screen is concave - it is most pleasant for the human eye to look at a picture on such a display.

What else does no backlight mean? Of course, the deepest black colors possible. If you need to show them, the pixels simply stop glowing.

As a result, all kinds of night panoramas look perfect on such a screen. Especially if you turn off the lights in the room. It should also be noted that OLED technology ensures the lowest power consumption. The darker the displayed image, the less electricity is spent on displaying it.

At the moment, it is OLED panels that produce the best quality images. It’s not for nothing that such screens have been built into almost everything for a long time, and for some time now the company has also switched to them. As for full-size OLED panels, there are large quantities Produced only by LG Display.

Creating such a screen still costs a lot of money, so the price tag of an OLED TV starts at about 100 thousand rubles. In a word, this is a very expensive pleasure. It is not only LG that produces the corresponding TVs - Sony is also involved in this.

QLED

This technology is based on quantum dots. In fact, these are something like the same organic light-emitting diodes. However, the intrinsic light emission of the pixels in the QLED matrix is still not very high. In this regard, modern QLED TVs use backlighting, although not as bright as in LED devices.

In the future, engineers promise to eliminate this drawback. In the meantime, black colors are not ideal, although they are close to this title (in terms of luminosity they are comparable to “plasma”).

You can find QLED products in the assortment of Samsung - it is the company that produces the largest number of such displays. QLED TVs are also produced TCL companies and Hisense, but less active. In terms of cost, such devices are slightly cheaper than OLED models, but they still cannot be called budget or even mid-budget.

Summing up

Now you know what the differences are between the screens built into different TVs. To put it briefly, then best technology is OLED - organic light emitting diodes. In second place you can put QLED - quantum dots. Plasma panels would follow next if they were produced in our time. But with LED TVs everything is more complicated - they are divided into several subcategories that differ from each other.

What kind of TV is in your house? And are you thinking about buying an OLED model if you still haven’t got one? Share your thoughts in the comments.