• Recovering Windows 7 download files. Failures at various stages of downloading. Possible problems with the bootloader and how to fix them

    The Windows operating system is equipped with a huge number of built-in tools to provide protection against damage and loss of information. Despite this, there are often cases when the OS stops starting correctly. Most often, this occurs due to damage to the special boot record MBR on the hard drive, which stores Windows 7 startup data. This article describes in detail how to restore the bootloader.

    Bootmgr program

    BootManager or Bootmgr – special program, which is located in a special service sector hard drive, called MBR. It takes over control of the computer after the BIOS verifies that all installed components and connects the HDD.

    The manager reads data from a special table located in the very first or boot sector of the disk. This table indicates where the files necessary to start the system are located. When all the required information has been collected, the computer begins loading Windows.

    If the program cannot find any necessary information- this will lead to the fact that the personal computer will not be able to load Windows and will display an error message to the user. As a rule, this is a blank black screen with a single static inscription: “bootmgr is missing”.

    Similar consequences will occur if the entire bootloader is damaged. hard sector disk. In this case, the address table may be in perfect order, but the manager program itself will not work properly. In this case, restoration is required.

    Virus attacks

    There are three main reasons why the Master Boot Record can become corrupted: virus attacks, system failures or power outages and incorrect installation OS.

    While surfing the Internet, users may accidentally download some dangerous virus, which can change the MBR of the hard drive, causing damage to the installed on it operating system.

    To counteract malicious scripts, there are special applications– antiviruses. It is highly recommended to install one of them on your computer. For example, you can use free software, developed by Microsoft – Security Essentials.

    The program is freely available for download on the page https://www.microsoft.com/ru-ru/download/details.aspx?id=5201.

    Problems with HDD

    Another common cause of problems is system failures. If you turn off your PC while the operating system is running Power button and disconnect it from the power supply, files stored on the hard drive may be damaged. The same thing will happen if, while the system is performing some tasks, the voltage in the network suddenly disappears.

    In order to protect your personal computer from such emergency situations, you should use a feeder uninterruptible power supply, and also turn off the PC using the Start menu, not the button.

    Also, the bootloader program may be damaged if you installed several copies of operating systems on one hard drive. To prevent this from happening, it is recommended to install every copy of Windows in a separate logical partition. To fix the problem, use bootloader recovery.

    Creating a bootable USB flash drive

    Before repairing Windows 7 bootloader, users need to find installation DVD or create a special

    For many years, Microsoft has been improving the recovery system for the Windows operating system, both in Windows 7 and Windows Vista she works practically automatic mode. If you boot from the installation Windows disk 7 and click "" ("Repair Computer"), the Windows repair system will start and automatically try to fix any errors that it finds. She can fix large number problems, however, it is quite likely that the bootloader is damaged, and the recovery system cannot cope with this problem. In this case, you can restore the bootloader manually using the Bootrec.exe utility.

    Application Bootrec.exe serves to correct errors associated with bootloader corruption and, as a result, the inability to start the Windows 7 and Windows Vista operating systems.

    Sequence of actions

    The utility will display help on the available command line switches.

    Description of keys for launching the Bootrec.exe utility

    Bootrec.exe /FixMbr- Launched with the /FixMbr switch, the utility writes a Windows 7 and Windows Vista compatible Master Boot Record (MBR) to system partition. Use this option to resolve problems with the master boot record being corrupted, or if you wish to remove non-standard code from it. Existing table Partitions in this case are not overwritten

    Bootrec.exe /FixBoot- Launched with the /FixBoot switch, the utility writes a new boot sector compatible with Windows 7 and Windows Vista to the system partition. This option should be used in the following cases:

    1. The Windows Vista or Windows 7 boot sector has been replaced with a non-standard boot sector.
    2. The boot sector is damaged.
    3. Has been installed previous version Windows operating system after Windows installations Vista or Windows 7. For example, if Windows XP was installed, NTLDR (Windows NT Loader, Windows NT loader) will be used, the code of the standard NT 6 loader (Bootmgr) will be overwritten by the Windows XP installation program.

    It should be noted that a similar effect can be achieved using the bootsect.exe utility, also located on the Windows 7 bootable media. To do this, you need to run bootsect.exe with the following parameters:

    bootsect /NT60 SYS- The boot sector of the system partition will be overwritten with code compatible with BOOTMGR. You can learn more about using the bootsect.exe utility by running it with the /help parameter.

    Bootrec.exe /ScanOs- Launched with the key / ScanOs, the utility scans all disks for installed Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating systems. In addition, when using it, a list of found systems is displayed that are at the moment are not registered in the Windows boot configuration data store (Boot Configuration Data (BCD) Store)

    Bootrec.exe /RebuildBcd- Launched with this key, the utility scans all disks for the presence of installed Windows Vista or Windows 7 operating systems. Found operating systems are displayed in a list from which they can be added to the Windows boot configuration data store (Boot Configuration Data Store). Also use this option if you want to completely rebuild the boot configuration data store. Before doing this, you must delete the previous storage. The set of commands could be as follows:

    bcdedit /export C:\BCDcfg.bak
    attrib -s -h -r c:\boot\bcd
    del c:\boot\bcd
    bootrec /RebuildBcd

    In the above example, the current boot configuration store is exported to a file C:\BCDcfg.bak, the “system”, “hidden” and “read-only” attributes are removed from it, after which it is deleted with the DEL command and rebuilt with the command bootrec /RebuildBcd.

    Of course the utility Bootrec.exe is very functional, however, it will not help if, for example, the Windows bootmgr file is damaged or physically missing. In this case, you can use another utility, also included in the Windows 7 distribution media - bcdboot.exe.

    Restoring the boot environment using BCDboot.exe

    BCDboot.exe is a tool that is used to create or restore a boot environment located on the active system partition. The utility can also be used to transfer download files from one hard drive or partition to another.

    Command line in in this case might look like this:

    bcdboot.exe e:\windows

    Replace e:\windows to the path appropriate for your system. This operation will repair a corrupted Windows boot environment, including the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) store files, including the file mentioned above bootmgr.

    Syntax of bcdboot command line parameters

    The bcdboot.exe utility uses the following command line parameters:

    BCDBOOT source]

    source- Indicates location Windows directory, used as a source when copying boot environment files.

    /l- Optional parameter. Sets the boot environment language. The default is English (US).

    /s- Optional parameter. Specifies the drive letter of the system partition where the boot environment files will be installed. By default, the system partition specified by the BIOS firmware is used.

    /v- Optional parameter. Enables detailed logging mode of the utility operation.

    /m- Optional parameter. Combines the parameters of the newly created and existing boot storage record and writes them to the new boot record. If an operating system boot loader GUID is specified, combines the boot loader object with the system template to create a boot entry.

    Resume. The article discussed the principles of working with utilities bootrec.exe And bcdboot.exe, which are used to resolve problems related to the inability to start the Windows 7 operating system due to a damaged or missing boot loader

    MBR (in Russian - master boot record) is a specific set of data, lines of code, partition table and signatures. It is required to load the Windows operating system after turning on the computer. There are cases when, as a result of various hardware and system failures, the ICBM is damaged or erased, which makes it impossible to Windows startup. Restoring the Windows 7 MBR boot record solves such problems. This article discusses several simple ways in which you can restore records.

    A little theory

    After switching on computer BIOS selects the storage medium from which the download will be carried out. At this stage, the device needs to know which hard section disk contains system Windows files. MBR is a small program that is stored in the first HDD sector and points the computer to the correct partition to start the system.

    If you install the second operating system incorrectly, the partition table may be damaged and the first Windows will not be able to start. The same thing sometimes happens when sudden shutdown electricity. If this happens, do not despair; damaged data can be completely restored.

    Boot Record Recovery

    In order to restore the MBR, you will need the installation disk from which you installed Windows (or any other). If there is no disk, you can create a bootable USB flash drive with Win7. Action algorithm:

    Automatic recovery

    First, it’s worth providing the MBR repair standard means from Microsoft. Select Startup Repair. There is no need to do anything else; some time will pass and the computer will indicate that the process is complete. Try starting Windows. If nothing works, then you need to restore the ICBM manually.

    Command line

    This path requires you to enter several .

    • From the system recovery menu, select Command Prompt.
    • Now you need to enter “bottrec/fixmbr”. This command serves to write a new MBR compatible with Win 7. The command will remove non-standard parts of the code, fix corruption, but will not affect the existing partition table.
    • Next enter “bootrec/fixboot". This command is used to create a new boot sector for Windows.
    • Next “bootrec/nt60 sys”. This command will update the MBR boot code.
    • Close the console, restart your computer and try to start the system. If the problem is still not resolved, you need to enter a few more commands.
    • Launch the console again and enter "bootrec/Scanos" and "bootrec/rebuildbcd". Using these utilities, your computer will scan your hard drive for operating systems and then add them to the boot menu.
    • Next, enter “bootrec/nt60 sys” again and restart the computer.

    TestDisk utility

    If you don't have bootable flash drive or disk, you can restore a damaged recording using third party program. To do this, you need to run another (working) OS. If your machine only had one Windows, you will have to connect the hard drive to another computer. Working with TestDisk is quite complex, so it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the manuals dedicated specifically to this program.

    Quite often, computers use Windows 7 startup recovery after errors have occurred. This may or may not be good for your operating system. Today we will talk about how to manage system startup recovery.

    What is a recovery tool?

    The Windows 7 Startup Repair tool repairs the OS. It can correct a number of problems that prevent proper Windows work. At the same time this process starts scanning your computer, thereby determining the presence of problems and errors, trying to eliminate them and ensure correct and effective work your "iron friend". By default, every Windows operating system has the Automatic System Restore option enabled. You can turn it off if you wish. But without much knowledge own computer There is no need to do such manipulations - let the machine be checked, restored and functioning normally. Although there are times when restoring the startup of Windows 7 takes a long time and gets boring. This is already a signal to think about checking the hardware. Of course, restoring Windows 7 startup does not provide a 100% guarantee proper operation systems - there are errors that recovery tools cannot cope with. We will talk about them further.

    What recovery tools can't handle

    The Windows 7 Startup Repair tool may not fix some problems. As a rule, system files that have been damaged, deleted or not installed at all are recovered. It is not capable of greater recovery. Thus, it cannot eliminate hardware failure, such as a hard drive or memory incompatibility. Additionally, Windows 7 startup repair cannot protect your computer from viruses.

    Restoring will not help with system installation problems either. So, if the operating system was initially “crooked,” then recovery tools will be of no use. Personal files (photos/videos/documents) cannot be returned or “repaired”. In order to save your data, you need to do archiving.

    If recovery doesn't help

    To resolve problems that are not resolved by System Restore, you must identify the problem. In any case, you will see a summary of the error and some documentation on your screen. This way it will be possible to understand what is going on and take appropriate measures. As a rule, if recovery does not help, then you need to “fix the hardware” or reinstall Windows.

    Recovering the bootloader manually

    There are several ways: restoring the Windows 7 boot loader manually, using programs, automatically and using a system rollback. Now we will talk about how to restore the system “by hand”.

    In order to answer the question: “Recovering the Windows 7 boot loader - what to do for manual recovery?”, you need to be patient and, of course, Windows 7. Now let’s proceed directly to the recovery process.

    1. Set up BIOS settings so that your disk drive comes first for loading and reading.
    2. Insert into computer installation disk with Windows 7 and reboot your device.
    3. You will see the already familiar system reinstallation window. At the bottom left you will see System Restore. Click on this button.
    4. After this, the “System Recovery Options” window will pop up in front of you. Select the one you want to restore, click “Next”.
    5. Next, select “System Startup Repair” - “Command Prompt”.
    6. Write in the window that opens: “bootrec.exe”.

    Bootrec keys

    At manual method recovery after completing the last step, you will see a window with the so-called keys. They explain how the Windows 7 system will be restored. Now we will look at which keys are responsible for what.

    FixMbr - writes a Windows 7 compatible master boot record to the system partition. This option is used when the main boot records or it is necessary to remove non-standard codes from it. The existing partition table is not overwritten. Restoring Windows 7 startup can bother you for a long time because of these entries, but with FixMbr you will get rid of the problem once and for all.

    FixBoot - a new boot sector compatible with your operating system is written to the system partition. Use given key at:

    Replacing the boot sector with non-standard options;

    Damage to the boot sector;

    If you were running a previous version of Windows.

    After you choose necessary remedy Windows 7 startup repair, write it and press Enter. Wait for the process to complete. Done - the Windows 7 boot loader is working again and restoring the system. In this case, the boot will occur and the system will start up in good condition.

    Recovery programs

    In order to “return” the system startup, you can use various Windows programs; restoring the startup of Windows 7 will be carried out almost automatically. This method is perfect when you don’t have the original Windows disk at hand. What programs can be used to carry out restoration?

    Heren's Boot CD

    As a rule, the salvation in the absence of the original Windows 7 disk is the so-called live CD, which can be written anywhere: either to a disk or to a flash drive. There are many such programs. The simplest and convenient way- this is to use Hiren’s Boot CD. There are a lot of different Windows recovery utilities on this disk, but today we will talk about the most convenient and common ones. Before you start, you need to burn a liveCD and then boot it through the BIOS. Once this is accomplished, you can move on to the next steps.

    Option 1 - Paragon HD Manager

    One of the most popular system recovery utilities is Paragon. Hard Disk Manager. In order to restore the Windows 7 system through it, you must:


    Option 2 - MBRFix

    Another convenient, fast and popular system recovery utility is MBRFix. It is not much different from the previous one. Unless it's your desire. You won’t have to wait long for Windows 7 system recovery to begin. All you need to do is follow these steps:

    1. When starting the live CD, select “mini Windows XP”.
    2. In the menu that opens, find and select “Partition/Boot/MBR” - “Commandline” - “MBRFix”.
    3. To restore the bootloader, enter the following entry: MBRFix.exe /drive 0 fixmbr /win7 /yes.
    4. Wait for the process to complete and restart your computer.

    Restore using the command line. This is another good and high-quality way to restore the system. In order to use the command line as a Windows 7 recovery tool, you need to:

    1. Launch on your computer. Don't forget to select the command line option.
    2. Sign in.
    3. Register in command line rstrui.exe.
    4. Press Enter and wait for the processes to complete.

    Disable recovery

    Possible with Windows help 7 disable system startup recovery. In order to turn off annoying Windows recovery 7 When you start your computer, you need to:

    1. Go to “Start” - “Control Panel” - “System” - “System Protection”.
    2. Find the Properties window and open the System Protection tab.
    3. In “Protection Settings”, find and select the drive on which you want to disable system recovery, click “Configure”.
    4. In “System protection for...” in “Options”, check the “Turn off system protection” checkbox.
    5. Click OK. So simple and quick ways You can carry out various manipulations with system recovery. Do not forget that Windows 7 can be restored using a system rollback. In this case, your personal data will not be damaged. It is possible to roll back the system only if the system itself can start, that is, if the recovery of the Windows 7 bootloader is always enabled, which constantly checks for errors, but the operating system is working normally. It will be necessary to “roll back” the OS to the date when there were no problems. Windows is restored using the standard kit included in the package. But if your computer was subject to some really unpleasant errors, then some problems may arise in the process that will not particularly affect the quality of the system - you will simply feel unusual and uncomfortable working at the computer. Most common problem is the disappearance language bar in the system.

    Language bar and recovery

    The language bar is something that is visible and familiar to everyone. As a rule, there is a panel that shows the keyboard layout and allows you to switch it. Sometimes it happens that she disappears. Then it becomes necessary to restore the launch and operation of the language bar in Windows 7. The easiest way is to turn to the built-in recovery tools. It is quite difficult to judge why exactly your language bar is “covered” and for what reasons, since there can be a huge number of them. Nevertheless, everything is easily and simply corrected. Let's start troubleshooting the problem with this panel. There are two methods here.

    Method 1 - "folk"

    1. Press Win+r and run intl.cpl. You can also use: “Start” - “Control Panel” - “Regional and Language Options”.
    2. Go to "Languages ​​and Keyboards".
    3. Open the Change Keyboard menu.
    4. Next, you need to select the language bar in the “Languages ​​and text input services” window.
    5. Check "Pinned to taskbar" and "Show test marks in language bar".
    6. Next you need to accept the changes and click on OK.

    The language bar should now appear.

    Method 2 - "advanced"

    1. Press Win+R and type regedit.
    2. Find the tab in the registry:

    HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run

    3. Check CTFMon for the appropriate "program". If it doesn't exist, create it.

    4. Right-click Run and “create string parameter”.

    5. Assign a name to CTFMon and, right-clicking on it, click on “change”.

    6. Write: "C:\Windows\system32\ctfmon.exe".

    7. Click OK.

    It will fall into its place allotted to Windows 7. Which method of returning the socket to its place is right for you - decide for yourself. It all depends on your skills and desires. But don't forget that a computer can be "repaired" to the point where it eventually stops working altogether. Be careful with system files. It’s good if you have several computers - on one of them you can always see how to fix this or that error that has arisen in the system.

    In extreme cases, it only saves complete reinstallation systems without data storage.

    It is carried out using installation Windows drives. Before you completely destroy the system, make sure that all recovery methods do not work. If there is no more output, insert the disk into the drive, configure the BIOS to boot from the disk and get to work. Very often, if the bootloader malfunctions, installation problems may arise. new version Windows or with timeout. Try to carefully read everything the installer writes. Be patient - any computer requires proper, often very painstaking, care.

    Such simple methods You can get your system in order. Launching Windows 7 and the language bar is not that difficult. If you doubt whether you can do everything correctly yourself, call a specialist. He will definitely be able to tell you the right and high-quality way to correct any errors that have arisen. Try to carry out all the necessary manipulations to protect and check your computer on time and regularly. Happy renovation!

    Skills that will help the user perform recovery windows boot loader 7 are necessary if the operating system does not start at all or a number of problems arise during the process of turning it on.

    The operating system loader is system program, which is designed to launch the OS.

    In simple terms, this is a utility with which you turn on your computer.

    With the advent of new versions of operating systems, bootloaders also improve. For example, Windows XP boots from using UEFI.

    Newer versions of the OS (starting from the seventh) during the boot process I use system utility BOOTMGR.

    Types of bootloader problems

    The most common cause for concern is the following errors:

    • When you try to start the system, messages called “Bootmgr is missing” and/or “Non system disk” appear. They occur as a result of damage to the bootloader or master boot record;
    • .
      In this case, it is necessary to restore the bootloader if a message from a hacker asking to send money for destroying the virus appears immediately after the user presses the start button personal computer or laptop;

    Remember! If the operating system has already begun the startup process and errors began to appear only later, this does not indicate a problem with the bootloader. Try turning on the OS in safe mode and troubleshooting any problems (for example, virus software).

    Before attempting to set up the boot loader, go to the BIOS and make sure that the system is set to the correct boot order for all hard drives.

    If you have two installed on your computer at once hard drives The order in which they are launched is incorrect and problems with the bootloader may occur.

    The first in line should be the disk on which the operating system to be launched is installed.

    Automatic recovery using USB drive

    You need to solve the problem starting from the very beginning. easy way.

    If you are unable to fix the bootloader using the method below, try the following solution to the problem presented in the article.

    To begin the process of solving the problem, take the disk from which the OS was installed.

    If you don’t have one, you can restore without a disk - in this case, you need to create a bootable external usb media.

    The version of the operating system located on the media must fully match that installed on the computer.

    To spend automatic recovery from a flash drive or disk, follow these steps:

    • Insert the disk into the drive or flash drive into the slot. Start the computer and in the first few seconds press the F button on the keyboard. This way you will instantly launch the BIOS menu before a problem occurs.
      In the BIOS, change the boot order of the OS components - the disk or flash drive should come first (depending on which device with the OS image you connected to the computer).
      After the boot queue has been set, save all changes and exit the BIOS settings. The OS startup process will begin again, however, now it will boot directly from the image media. The following window will appear;

    • At the bottom of the window (Figure 2), find the OS recovery item and click on it. Now you need to select the OS that needs to be restored (if several systems are installed on the computer at the same time);

    • After you have decided on the name of the OS whose operation you want to fix, a window will appear with all the available operating system recovery options. To get started, select automatic elimination problems.
      This method may help, but not in all cases. If the system still does not turn on after such an automatic fix, repeat steps 1-3 again and now select the second option (enabling a previously saved OS state).
      Wait until all the necessary actions are carried out automatically by the program. If the system boots successfully, the problem is resolved. If not, you should restore it manually.

    Restoring OS boot configuration data

    OS startup configuration information contains detailed information about the order in which data should be loaded when the computer's operating system is turned on.

    Often the OS boot loader fails to complete due to corrupted items in the Boot Configuration Data.

    To fix the problem, you need to add new configuration data to the OS bootloader:

    A complete configuration update can be performed using the rebuildbcd command.

    To perform it, you need to open a command line window in the system recovery options (as in the figure above).

    In the line, enter the text “bootrec.exe /rebuildbcd” (without quotes) and press the Enter button to execute the command. The update process may take several minutes.

    After its completion, a line about the result of the command will appear in the utility window.

    After restoring the data, you should turn off the computer, remove the disk with the OS image from it, configure the standard boot order in the BIOS and turn on the device again.

    If all actions were done correctly, the system will start in standard mode.

    If after executing the command you receive system notification that the configuration could not be restored, you must boot into safe mode.

    To do this, enter the command bootrec.exe/safeboot at the command line - it allows you to start the operating system using a minimum number of drivers and third party utilities, which may cause an OS boot loader error.

    To view and edit bootloader configuration parameters, run the BCDEdit.exe command:

    Bootloader Configuration Edit Command

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