Doesn't go into BIOS: what to do and how to force the computer to enter BIOS? BIOS does not boot: instructions for solving the problem

The basic input/output system is the beginning of a computer's electronic life. In the event of a hardware or software malfunction of the BIOS microchip, successful startup of the computing device simply becomes impossible. Despite the extreme degree of reliability of the specified element of the computer system, software failures in the basic microsystem (due to many factors!) still occur. In most cases, the problem “BIOS does not start: what to do?” is resolved by simply replacing the CMOS battery, otherwise it is necessary to apply a comprehensive diagnostic plan, and only after identifying the cause of the problem, carry out a repair (correct!) algorithm of actions, -. details in the article!

Not a short introduction: small BIOS and big consequences...

Indeed, everything depends on a small microcircuit, which contains a set of microprograms in its memory, and in totality is the basic microsystem of a computer! A very rare electronic ailment that occurs in our time is damage to the main BIOS record of the system (not to be confused with temporary data stored in CMOS memory!) - this is a “dead” motherboard. That is, the motherboard becomes completely useless, since it is deprived of a startup control element.

A partial malfunction of the microchip BIOS can be accompanied by an incredible variety of surprises, both hardware and software. In general, the beginning of all computing principles is a small microcircuit with a certain set of programs. The degree of efficiency of the computer you are using directly influences the overall service life of the computing device as a whole depends on how correctly you configure the BIOS. If for you, dear reader, everything written above has become news, then it makes sense to think: “Do I comply with the manufacturer’s critical instructions regarding operating rules?”

Why the BIOS suddenly stopped starting: a little about all the reasons

Let's move on to specifics, because the situation “does not start” can look different:

When you press the “on” button, nothing happens - a black screen and silence.
The computer turns on, the screen flickers with a black void (not active) - the noise of the fans is heard and the system speaker (BIOS speaker) beeps.
The computing device starts, some message is displayed on the screen - the buttons do not respond, except that... the restart works.
The system boots too quickly (and safely!), but you can’t get into the BIOS.

There is another interpretation of the problem voiced, when a novice user does not correctly understand what exactly is happening and at the same time wonders how to enter the BIOS in general? Let's start with the last one...

How to enter basic computer settings

Depending on the BIOS version(s), as well as the design features of the computer, access to basic settings may differ radically from the methods that are considered standard.

For example, in most PC modifications, entering the BIOS is done by pressing the “F2” or “Delete” function button. Moreover, the activation of one of these buttons is carried out immediately at the moment of starting the computer system at its initial stage. By the way, there is a special technique for calling the BIOS main menu - repeatedly pressing the corresponding button with an interval of two clicks per second.

There are other “tactile schemes” for entering the BIOS - some manufacturers equip the devices they produce with special mechanisms, push-button or lever type, when activated, the user enters the service menu of the base microsystem. However, there are also more exotic buttons - touch ones. However, the essence of the listed keys and service gadgets is the same - calling the BIOS Setup menu.

As for the “speed resistance” to entering the basic computer settings menu, there are several possible solutions:

Enter the BIOS menu through Windows OS - use this link to read about how this is done.

Try calling the BIOS using other service keys, for example, “F8”.

Finally, you can get to the basic settings using the System Restore rescue disk or Windows distribution.

Black screen and silence: causes and solutions

This “electronic incident” has a rather long list of “causes and consequences”, however, it is possible to identify the main symptoms of the malfunction, namely, to quickly identify the real culprit of the “silent triumph”.

There is a 99.9% chance that the power supply has failed. Naturally, replacing the component with a known-good power supply unit will correct the situation in the direction of “Problem resolved!”

The power button has failed - replace the switching element or check the wire for mechanical damage (obvious breakage, deformation of the wire, oxidation of contacts, etc.), of course, with its subsequent restoration (soldering, cleaning).

Dust contamination of the inside of the computer case (especially important for portable computer equipment - a laptop) - it is necessary to clean all components of the system board, as well as the attached modules and wiring equipment, from dust. Do not forget to clean the protective mesh of the air intakes and other structural elements of the body.

The computer turns on, but the monitor screen is “full of dark secrets”

As a rule, problems with starting a computer system are always accompanied by a specific sound signal, the tone and sound sequence of which has its own decoding code.

To solve the problem described, you can also try changing the computer’s power supply, but more likely this “PC behavior” indicates that the BIOS has detected a faulty component in the system: one of the memory sticks (RAM) has failed, the hard drive has broken, or The processor temperature has reached a critical level. In the latter case, it is necessary to replace the thermal paste and check the cooling system cooler for serviceability.

Otherwise, user actions should be as follows:

Disconnect all peripheral devices (printer, fax, web camera, external storage devices, etc.).

Remove all RAM modules.

Disconnect hard drives.

Switch to a different graphics mode - change the video circuit from integrated to discrete, or switch to the built-in video chip if you used an external video card.

If an empty continent starts up, add one component at a time from the previously disabled components and carefully monitor the reaction of the microsystem as a whole. In any case, if the BIOS starts, it means you have already achieved a positive result!

By the way, do not forget that a black screen may be the result of a failed monitor. In laptops, the integrity of the connecting cable is often compromised, which is constantly subjected to dynamic load when opening/closing the display cover. In the latter case, it is better to contact a laptop repair service center. In both the first and second cases, to check the truth of the assumption, you can always try connecting an external monitor to the VGA connector.

In conclusion

Here, in brief, is the entire list of instructions for the problem “BIOS does not start: what to do.” We hope everything worked out for you and access to basic settings is restored. Of course, you should not lose sight of another not described way to resolve the problem - switch the CMOS jumper to the RESET position (then return the contact element to its original position).

And you know, this article has a big continuation, because the BIOS may not start due to swollen capacitors, as well as “dead” transistors... Don’t miss it!

Question on the forum:

My screen doesn't show. I was advised to take the laptop apart and take a look. I've never taken a laptop apart. What does this mean for me?

You'll never get it together. 😀

Imagine this situation: one day you turn on your computer or laptop and see that it won’t start; Moreover, you discover that the BIOS does not load. Surely those readers who have encountered a situation where a computer or laptop does not boot or even start, are unlikely to have found it pleasant. In addition, it may happen that the computer or laptop turns on by itself and loads the BIOS and operating system, but you cannot enter the BIOS, that is, the BIOS Setup computer settings program does not start. In this article we will try to give advice on what to do when a computer or laptop turns on, but does not load the BIOS, and the system does not boot beyond the hardware check procedure and the operating system does not start or the BIOS Setup does not load, and how you can solve these problems .

When a computer or laptop does not boot, as a rule, instead of the familiar BIOS messages, the user sees only a black monitor screen in front of him. Sometimes a black screen on a computer or laptop is not a constant companion to this problem. For example, you turn on a computer or laptop, and you see that the system initially boots, some BIOS messages are displayed, but the boot process does not go beyond this stage, and the operating system does not start. What to do next in this case? First of all, you should not immediately panic and take your computer or laptop for repair, since you can try to solve this problem yourself.

The reasons that a computer or laptop does not start, or that the BIOS does not start loading, may be various malfunctions, both related to the computer’s BIOS and those related to the PC hardware. And the solution to the problem “the computer does not load the BIOS” in this case largely depends on its cause.

Types of situation:

1. Black screen

The first and most unpleasant situation is that you press the power button on your computer or laptop, but the computer does not boot, the BIOS does not load, and you see a black screen in front of you. You wait further, but in vain, because nothing else happens. In this case, to determine the reason why the computer or laptop does not boot, you need to listen to the sounds that the BIOS produces when booting. One short beep usually means that the BIOS has successfully checked the hardware.

1.1. Black screen and one beep

In this case, the cause of the problem is most often the monitor (of course, if we are talking about a desktop computer). Therefore, it is best in such a situation to check the connection between the monitor and the computer or the power cable of the monitor. If the computer does not start even after this, and the black screen remains, then the problem is not in the monitor.

1.2. Black screen and several beeps

The presence of several signals at the moment when the computer turns on and the system boots usually means some kind of malfunction. As a rule, the meaning of these signals is different for different BIOS models. But most likely, if you don’t see anything on the screen, then the problem is again related to the video system, but this time, most likely, with the video card. However, in order to be completely confident in this matter, it is best to refer to the list of conditioned sound signals for the BIOS version that is installed on your computer or laptop.

1.3. Black screen and no beeps

If the computer turns on, but the “black screen” is not accompanied by any sound signals, then it can be assumed that something is wrong with the power system. For example, the power supply has failed and for this reason does not supply the required voltage to the motherboard. Or there is simply no contact between the motherboard and the power cable. The cause of the problem may also be a malfunction of the BIOS itself, the motherboard, processor, memory, or even the hard drive. In addition, sometimes the reason that the computer does not boot may be insufficient cooling of the electronic components of the motherboard.

2. There is no black screen, the computer displays boot messages, but the user cannot enter the BIOS

Separately, it is worth mentioning the situation when the computer turns on, but there is no “black screen” and the system boots normally, but does not enter the BIOS program for setting up computer parameters - BIOS Setup.

2.1. The BIOS entry key is pressed incorrectly

True, there is one nuance here. Some users may immediately panic “I can’t get into the BIOS,” although they simply do not know how to correctly enter the BIOS. To enter the BIOS, you simply need to press the appropriate key after the computer turns on. But many users press the wrong key or do it at the wrong time and that is why they cannot enter the BIOS. We wrote about what needs to be done to enter the BIOS setup program after the computer turns on in the corresponding article.

2.2. The BIOS entry key is pressed correctly, but still cannot enter the BIOS

But it may also happen that BIOS Setup does not start, and you cannot enter it even though the correct key seems to be pressed. Most often, if you press the desired key and cannot enter the BIOS, the keyboard is the culprit of the problem. For example, if you are using a USB keyboard and the BIOS does not support USB devices, you will not be able to enter BIOS Setup. In addition, it is worth checking the functionality of the keyboard on another computer. If the BIOS does not open even after eliminating the keyboard factor, then the problem is in another component of the computer.

3. Stop due to BIOS information messages

It is also not uncommon for a situation to occur when the computer starts, but does not load the operating system, but displays a text message about a certain error on the screen when loading the BIOS. Continuing the download depends on the nature of the error. For example, a BIOS checksum error message may indicate that the CMOS battery is low, and in this case the user can usually continue working after pressing a certain key.

Ways to solve problems

First of all, in order to solve the problem and eliminate the reason why the black screen appears and the computer does not load the BIOS and operating system, you should remember what you were doing before the problem occurred? Did you install new devices on your computer just before the black screen appeared? Have you made any changes to the BIOS settings?

If you did make changes to the hardware, it is recommended to return the system to its previous state by removing the recently installed hardware. If after this the computer works normally and loads into the BIOS, then this means that the problem was with the remote hardware.

If you made your own BIOS settings, you can return the BIOS to safe factory settings. To do this, as a rule, it is enough to install a special CMOS memory reset jumper on the motherboard or remove the CMOS battery. As a rule, this operation often helps when the computer does not load the BIOS.

If you know for sure that you did not perform any actions with the BIOS or equipment, but the computer or laptop still gives you a black screen and does not load the BIOS, then you will have to check all the equipment yourself.

Sometimes the cause of a malfunction may be dust in the “insides” of the computer. Therefore, the very first procedure for any user trying to revive a computer is to clean the internal space of the system unit. Only after this will it be possible to move on and check the functionality of all systems.

Temporary system failure is also possible due to overheating of the processor or motherboard. Therefore, it is worth checking the coolers of the system unit and processor. Then, one by one, you should check the main components of the computer - processor, RAM, motherboard, video card, power supply. A failed hard drive will rarely result in the BIOS not booting, but this option shouldn't be ruled out either.

Conclusion

The situation when the computer does not start and does not load the BIOS and OS, and the user sees only a black screen in front of them, of course, cannot be called pleasant. Since in this case the computer cannot be used for its intended purpose, as a business or entertainment tool, this is a great inconvenience for the user. However, the situation when the computer BIOS does not start is not always as fatal as it seems at first glance. Since it is extremely rare that the computer freezes and the inability to load the BIOS or the inability to enter BIOS Setup is a symptom of a hard drive failure, the user does not lose important information recorded on it. In addition, there are a number of methods that allow you to identify a faulty element and revive your computer. Of course, in some cases it may be impossible to identify a malfunction by the user, and then it is best to use the services of computer specialists from a service center.

1. Forgot your password / set an unknown password on the BIOS.

2. The operating system on the computer does not load.

3. The computer does not turn on.

4. The computer is unstable.

5. The computer turns on and makes strange sounds.

6. You thoughtlessly tinkered with the bios settings and want to return the basic settings.

7. You tried to overclock, but after that the system does not start.

Methods for resetting BIOS settings

You can reset the BIOS settings in several simple ways.

1.1. After successfully entering the BIOS, find the restore basic settings section. Usually this is the item - “load Fail-Safe” defaults can also be reset to optimal settings - “Load Optimized Defaults”. To confirm the reset, press the Y (yes) key in the dialog box. Don't forget to save the settings before exiting: item - “Save & Exit Setup”. Next, the computer will restart, after which all settings will return to their original factory settings.

1.2. Reset settings B iOS in most laptops and netbooks is located in the “ EXIT." P After clicking on the item “ Exit" select "Load Setup Defaults".

1.3. To the lucky owners of motherboards with UEFI interface you need to go to “ R advanced settings"- "Advanced Boot". Reset is carried out in the “Save and Exit” item (save and exit). Next is the item “Load Defaults”, if the interface is in Russian, then select the item:« N default settings."

2. If you can’t get into the BIOS because of the set password or because you can’t get into the BIOS (the PC won’t turn on, etc.), then you need to do hard reset.

2.1. Following safety precautions when working with electrical appliances we turn off the computer and turn off w power supply from the mains 220 v.

2.2. Unscrew two screws and remove the side cover PC.

2.3. Find the battery on the motherboard CR2032 and carefully remove it(usually the battery is removed by pressing a special protective e lk that holds the battery).

2.4. Wait m for 1 minute, A then insert the battery into place with the correct sideand lightly press it until the characteristic Christmas tree

2.5. We connect the power cord and turn on the computer.

3. On hard reset B iOS on a laptop or netbook, you must remove the battery before removing the CR2032 battery. To find out more details, how to remove the back cover and get to the motherboard of your device to remove the batterydetailed informationread the manual for your device model.

Attention! After reset in Bios You must set the correct time, date and yearin the Standard CMOS Features section" or " SysInfo " .

If after these steps the computer does not start or displays message "CMOS checksum error" then purchase a new CR2032 battery and install it in the motherboard. After that check the time at B iOS in the “Standard d CMOS Features” section" or " SysInfo " . Thank you for your attention. I hope everything worked out for you!

One of the most common situations is when the computer does not start, the system does not enter the BIOS. In this case, power is supplied to the motherboard, but the system self-test does not run. Typically, users describe this malfunction something like this: when I start the computer, I can hear the noise of the fans on the processor and in the case, but the monitor is blank and does not emit any signals.

What could be causing the problem?

When the computer system boots normally after being turned on, it diagnoses its electronic components and initializes them. For this purpose, the BIOS chip contains a special program code. When the BIOS loads, this code is executed. If everything is normal, one short beep is issued. If an error is detected, the system does not start; a signal specific to the detected problem is issued. If the system does not perform a self-test upon boot, this does not mean that the code embedded in the bios has failed. In fact, this happens very rarely, and the cause is unsuccessful experimentation with the BIOS firmware.

Some possible reasons for a computer freezing when the bios does not load include:

incorrect;
contacts: either there is no contact somewhere, or, on the contrary, something is shorted (it happens, for example, that the metal plug of the motherboard on the rear panel of the case short-circuits the USB sockets);
faulty RAM;
dead battery (to power bios) on the motherboard;
stuck buttons on the front panel of the case, for example, “reset”;
a faulty power supply may be the reason why your computer won't boot;
damaged chipset chips;
swollen or leaking capacitors on the motherboard;
general contamination of the system unit.

Procedure for “treatment”

To cure the problem when the bios does not start, the first thing you need to do is open the system unit and assess the degree of contamination. Often the system does not boot for such a prosaic reason as a large amount of dirt. If dust is visible on the motherboard and other components, it is necessary to clean the computer. To do this, you can use a brush and a vacuum cleaner. Dust from surfaces is swept away with a brush and captured in the vacuum cleaner hose. When doing this, care must be taken not to damage any elements. In addition, you should not touch the vacuum cleaner hose to anything, as static electricity may accumulate on it during operation.

If the computer does not start, that is, general cleaning did not help, you must perform the following steps:

Check if the speaker is connected correctly. Maybe the BIOS booted and found errors, but the signals are not heard.
Check the front panel buttons for sticking.

These procedures can be done quickly and without much effort, and their result is often a solution to the problem - the system enters the BIOS.

Usually on the motherboard for resetting the BIOS there are three pins in the area where the battery is located, as well as a jumper that closes two of them. The jumper marking looks like “CLR” or “CMOS CLR”. To reset the bios settings in this case, you need to move the jumper to the other two contacts and wait a few seconds. The jumper then returns to its original position.

If there is no such jumper, the bios parameters are cleared by removing the battery from the board socket. But keep in mind that the bios reset does not occur instantly, but with a delay. The delay is explained by the fact that power to the microcircuit is retained from the charged capacitors of the motherboard. On high-quality boards, their discharge time can reach half an hour or more. To accelerate the discharge, you can close the contacts to which the battery is connected.

Element-by-element check

If these actions lead to nothing, it is necessary to perform an element-by-element check. To do this, leave the processor with the fan and the wire leading to the speaker on the motherboard. Disconnect all other cables from the motherboard and remove the expansion cards. When you start the bios you should hear a “no RAM” sound. If it is heard, the diagnostics have worked, the processor and motherboard are operational. Then after that you need to insert one memory stick and start the computer again. If the video card is external, there should be a sound signal from the BIOS indicating its absence. By connecting all other devices gradually, one at each step, you can identify the faulty one, when installed, the system does not start.

Before installing memory sticks and expansion cards, you should make sure that they are not chipped or damaged, and then clean their contacts. To do this, it is best to use a cotton swab moistened with alcohol. But you can also wipe it with a regular rubber eraser.

Checking the processor is the last thing to do when finding the reason why the BIOS crashed

If even after removing all elements except the processor, the system does not boot and no bios signals are heard, you need to check the functionality of the processor. It is best to replace it with a known good one. If this is not possible, remove the cooler, press your finger to the surface of the processor, and turn on the computer. When we feel heating, we quickly turn it off - the processor is working. Otherwise, we check the motherboard: are there any chips, are there visible swollen or leaking capacitors. Problem capacitors, if any, can be replaced. But this, of course, requires a good level of soldering iron skills.

To check that the chipset chips are “live”, we check their temperature. They should warm up slightly within a minute of turning on the power. If the chip remains cold or heats up to a high temperature, there is a very high probability that it is faulty and the computer will not start because of it.

So if, when you turn on the computer, it does not boot and freezes at the bios self-test stage, do not despair. In this case, you need to follow the procedures described above, and you will almost certainly achieve a positive result - the BIOS starts and the system starts working.

Sometimes after some laptop models stop loading the operating system. Instead, when turned on, they immediately automatically enter the BIOS. There, if you look at the boot list (), you will notice that it is empty. That is, it does not have a hard drive, DVD drive, or bootable flash drive that you could insert into a USB port. Although they are all connected and can even be displayed in the BIOS among the connected devices.

What to do in this situation and how to return the laptop to working condition yourself at home?

Why is this happening?

In most cases, this situation occurs, as mentioned above, after resetting the BIOS settings. Moreover, it is not necessary to do this through the corresponding menu. It is enough to remove the battery from the laptop for a few minutes and disconnect it from the electrical network. Updating the BIOS and removing dust also often leads to its reset.

In some versions of laptops, especially after 2016, the BIOS contains various options, the incorrect installation of which will prohibit booting from a hard drive or flash drive. Therefore, when turned on, the laptop itself enters the BIOS, since it does not see a single device from which it could continue booting.

How to fix this situation?

To do this, in the BIOS settings that appear on the screen immediately after turning on the laptop, you need to find the option and disable it, that is, set it to the Disabled state. It may have a slightly different name, such as Fast Boot, and is usually located on the Advanced or Boot tab. On Asus laptops with UEFI, you need to press F7 in the main window to activate advanced mode.

Fast Boot Option

As soon as you have disabled Fast Boot, immediately save the settings with the F10 button, then restart the laptop and go into the BIOS again.

Next, on the Boot or Security tab (possibly in our case on other tabs), you need to find the option and also disable it by moving it to the Disabled state, and the UEFI and Legacy OS (CSM - Compatibility Support Module) (OS Mode Selection) parameter should be set to CMS OS or Other OS or Legacy.

Secure Boot Option

OS Mode Selection Option

Now we save the settings using the same F10 button, reboot and check. The laptop should start loading Windows.

If this does not happen, then try to find the Legacy Support option in the BIOS and set it to Enabled. Also, if there is a parameter, then you need to use it by selecting it with the “Enter” button and entering the code from the message that appears.