Search networks. What search engines exist besides Yandex and Google?

17.12.2017 17:00:00

It is difficult to imagine the modern Internet without search engines. Every day they process billions of requests coming through desktop browsers and mobile applications. The most complex algorithms literally predict user actions, suggest possible options for input data, and produce the most accurate results.

But what is the best search engine operating on the Internet today? Why do we prefer a particular search engine? In our article we will analyze which search engines have gained the most popularity and what are their fundamental differences.

Ranking of search engines in the world

First, let's find out which search engines are the most popular in the world. To do this, let’s turn to the data provided by the reputable analytical agency NetMarketShare. This table shows the top 5 search engines and the percentage of requests from personal computer users for 2017:

It is easy to see that in both positions the Google search engine is leading by the widest margin from its competitors. Moreover, on mobile devices, Google essentially has a monopoly, processing 93% of all search queries. This is also due to the widespread use of smartphones running Android OS.

In addition, Google is one of the most minimalistic search engines. On the main page, the user sees only a logo and a search bar. Users are also attracted to interesting doodles - Google logos that are redrawn in honor of a certain date or event. Very often such doodles are made interactive. Thus, according to all the above indicators, Google is clearly the best search engine.

In second place in popularity, both on PCs and on smartphones, is the Chinese search engine Baidu. The fact is that this service is the only one available in China - it is used by 92% of the entire population. From time to time, Baidu tries to expand its geographic boundaries, but it has never gained popularity in other countries. This is largely due to a rather aggressive promotion policy and a conflict between search engine extensions and antivirus software.

Bing is a search engine from Microsoft that is most often used by PC owners in the United States. The small percentage of requests from mobile devices is due to the fact that Microsoft smartphones are gradually leaving the market.

Yahoo! is one of the oldest search engines, which was created in 1995. It is mainly used by residents of the USA, Great Britain and some countries of Southeast Asia.

The search engine from Yandex was only in the top five for queries from a PC. A small percentage of the total number of requests is also due to the fact that the domestic search engine is used by users in Russia and the CIS countries. And the Dogpile service closes the top 5 in terms of popularity of search engines for mobile devices. Its main audience is residents of the USA, Canada and Europe.

Search engine rankings in Russia

Data from the LiveInternet counter and the analytical service Seo-auditor will help us find out which is the best search engine in the Russian Internet segment of the Runet.

The LiveInternet counter takes into account search queries from both PC and mobile platforms. As a result, the popularity rating of search engines in Russia looks like this:

The two main competitors, Google and Yandex, are leading by a wide margin. Both search engines are characterized by high speed and efficiency. In addition, each service has its own unique features. For example, the Google search engine provides clear and concise information about each site, and also takes into account the quality of pages in the results. Yandex pays great attention to its additional services, which are connected with every request in the search engine.

In third place in popularity was the search engine from Mail.ru. Many experts note that this service has well-developed search algorithms and fast news updates on the main page. On the other hand, Mail has plenty of shortcomings. First of all, this is a lack of additional services and an unfinished anti-spam filter.

The once popular Rambler now processes only 0.2% of the total number of search queries on the RuNet. Some time ago, the service underwent a major overhaul: the search engine changed its logo and the main page was redrawn from scratch. However, this, unfortunately, did not help to rise in the search engine rankings.

Nevertheless, Rambler has its obvious advantages. For example, an associative search system. If the user forgets to change the layout and types in the word vepsrf, the search engine returns results for the query “Music”. Now this system will not surprise anyone, but Rambler was the first search engine on the RuNet that was able to implement such an algorithm in a high-quality manner.

The Bing search engine processed less than 200 thousand requests per year. As mentioned above, the service from Microsoft is popular mainly in the West, and, most likely, most of the requests on the RuNet via Bing are sent from smartphones and PCs of foreigners working in Russia.

Similar data on the popularity of search engines can be observed in a study by the analytical agency Seo-auditor. Compare the figures for January and November 2017:

Having compared data from Yandex.Metrica, SpyLog/Openstat, LiveInternet, Hotlog, [email protected] counters, as well as using original algorithms, Seo-auditor specialists came to the conclusion that the title of “Best Search Engine” in RuNet is again shared among themselves Google and Yandex. In addition, it is noticeable how the share of requests through the search engines Mail, Rambler and Bing has decreased over the year.

Mobile search engine applications

Among the top five most popular search engines, Google, Yandex and Bing have branded mobile applications. To find out how each utility differs, we tested the search engines on a powerful and productive smartphone. As a test request, we used one of the most popular at the moment, not only in Russia, but throughout the world - Star Wars 8. The result can be seen in the video below:

Google in its mobile search engine is guided by the same principle as in the desktop version - a minimum of interface elements. The search query can be entered either from the on-screen keyboard or by voice. In the search engine results, you can trace a clear hierarchy:

• Reviews and ratings of the film
• Showtimes in city cinemas
• Trailers on YouTube
• List of film actors
• Related queries
• Links to sites.

A similar picture can be seen in the Yandex search engine. The Russian service also copies the main version in its application. The main page contains useful services and news, and the search bar is fixed at the bottom of the screen. The results are distributed as follows:

• Trailers and videos on Yandex.Video
• Cinema show times
• Link to Wikipedia
• List of actors
• Related queries
• Links to the site (and the first link is the film’s page on Kinopoisk, which belongs to Yandex).

A separate feature of Yandex is the voice assistant Alice, with which you can not only find the information you need, but also pass the time in a pleasant and sometimes funny conversation with a digital algorithm.

The Bing app, like Google, follows the path of brevity. The main screen has a search button on a beautiful background. By clicking on the magnifying glass, the user is taken to the search engine page. Despite the fact that the interface is not Russified, the application quickly produces the desired results. True, unlike Google and Yandex, Bing is limited to only links to sites without additionally included services.

Alternative search engines

In addition to the most popular search engines like Yandex and Google, there are many interesting search services on the Internet that, in terms of their functions, can be a good alternative to the recognized giants. We have selected 5 of the most interesting systems that can be used both on PCs and smartphones.

A search engine that is based on three main principles:

• No personal data storage
• No intrusive advertising based on user requests
• Lack of tracking of user actions.

Thus, DuckDuckGo will be appreciated by those who prefer privacy on the Internet and want to receive objective information, without taking into account past Internet search behavior. In addition, DuckDuckGo is not geographically tied to the user. This means that information can be searched and received in any language, while Yandex and Google give preference to Russian-language resources, even if you enter a query in English.

YaCy

A decentralized search engine that does not have a single server and owner. YaCy is a network of user computers on which a special program is installed. Each PC independently scans the Network and collects the received information into a common database. Each node in the YaCy network is autonomous and therefore not subject to government or corporate censorship.

The only drawback for domestic users is that YaCy is not Russified.

Pipl

Pipl is a system that is designed to search for specific users on the Internet. Complex algorithms collect all the data about a person from social network profiles, comments, open databases, and so on. At the moment, the Pipl search database contains data on more than 3 billion people.

Searching the RuNet for Pipl is still quite a difficult task. So this search engine will be more useful to those who are looking for specific users in Europe, the USA or Canada.

Question-answering system, search engine based on a knowledge base and a set of computational algorithms. Unlike other search engines, Wolfram|Alpha does not display a list of links for queries, but generates a complete answer based on a knowledge base about history, culture, science, cinema, theater and much more. In addition, the algorithm connects data about famous people and pages on the Internet.

For example, when asked for Star Wars films, the search engine returns a list of all films in the cinematic universe, for each of which you can view an individual information card. Following is a selection of movie posters and detailed information about box office receipts.

Wolfram|Alpha is constantly updating its database to more accurately display the most relevant information for queries. For students, journalists, analysts and researchers, Wolfram|Alpha is perhaps the best search engine, as it provides not only text information, but also compiles various graphs, tables and diagrams for greater clarity.

We introduced you to the most popular search engines. Of course, it is quite difficult to call a certain search engine the best in the world. Each system has its own set of tools that attract certain users. Which search engine do you use most often? Tell us about your impressions in the comments to this article!

Search engines (search engines)– mean a site with which you can ask any question and instantly receive an answer in the form of all sites known to your search system.

Can you imagine the modern world without the Internet? A world in which it is impossible to find out the information you need without a couple of mouse clicks?

What search engines are there?

Are you sure that you know ? Search engines can be divided into several types. It is customary to distinguish national search engines designed to search for the sites you need specifically in your country, that is, search engines in conditions of internal data transfer.

Many similar search engines ten years later they stepped further, so to speak, went beyond state borders, but never became transnational. Foreign search engines involve issuing an answer to a question with a search condition on all websites of countries, including any domain zone.

Search engines “understand” a site somewhat differently than, for example, you yourself. There are many nuances and details that are not noticeable to the human eye.

Our company TopMaySeo will ensure the availability of the content of your site for all search engines, diversify it, carry out hard work in the structural organization of links, and do everything so that any search engine can quickly find your resource.

What foreign (transnational) search engines exist?

Over time, the variety of the network and the abundance of chaotic information in it seemed uncomfortable and difficult to the average person. The first national company to have a hand in recreating search engines in order to streamline the resulting chaos was YAHOO. Causing a national economic boom, it consumed the diverse web of the Internet.

The world of the Internet has the opportunity to sort, or rather competently divide new information into groups and directions. However, YAHOO was significantly far from a full ranking in many details. But progressing and developing (despite her age), she now occupies almost a leading place in the ratings.

Can rightfully be considered a giant and leader among international search engines of the 21st century. Google. It carries out a global search and finds information for various queries on numerous websites in many countries around the world (more than 140) , without limiting their location and domain, and in many of them it is a single search engine.

It should be noted that the two search engines described above are all language and are available in almost every corner of the globe, which makes them more popular among all other search engines on the Internet market.

Bing– a modern system with a powerful volume of traffic. The idea of ​​its large-scale development belongs to Microsoft. The peculiarity of its such wide popularity is the ability to view the required results on only one page, without going to numerous ones. The second positive factor is the logical adjustment of the amount of extensive information offered with each search request and the result obtained.

Baidu – powerful, and perhaps the best in its functioning, search engine in China. Taking into account the number of requests per year, this search site confidently holds its position in the top three leaders, with the companies Google and YAHOO, and the share of its existence in the global network of the whole world is about 19% of all processed requests on our planet.

MSN (Microsoft Network)– a provider created by Microsoft and operating to this day, this kind of search engine provides a good opportunity to obtain the information you need. You can easily surf the web or, for example, select categories specific to you, including the ability to search using Microsoft's personal encyclopedia.

Google Scholar– a godsend for students, people involved in scientific activities, schoolchildren and simply those who like to broaden their horizons. “Google Scholar” offers you a free search for information on all possible disciplines, this can easily include websites and texts of any format, reliable data from world-famous journals, rating publications from major world publishing houses. There is also a paid library information search, which is often necessary to find information online in the databases of various libraries around the world.

Ask.com– English search engine of the company Ask Jeeves. Its work consists in a simple and easy algorithm of actions, namely, you ask a question or specify keywords and immediately receive an answer.

What Russian-language search engines exist?

Russian speakers include:

Mail.ru- it would seem not the most recognizable in the world, but a very large Russian-language and indicative search system on the territory of Ukraine and other countries close to it. First of all, the search engine gained such recognition thanks to the Odnoklassniki website, as well as Mail.ru mail.

Since 2006, it has launched many thematic sections (projects): auto, business, health, leisure and entertainment, news and sports. Thanks to its simple accessibility, as of 2016, the image of this resource continues to grow tirelessly, which allows us to speak about the good reputation of such a search engine.

Rambler– according to the 2015 version, the popularity of this search engine has decreased significantly, but Rambler continues to function as before and in many areas of its work you can notice bold decisions and the right ideas. So, over the past year, the search mechanism itself has been improved, the design has changed noticeably, and here you can see the qualitative dynamics of information.

Yandex– according to general statistics, it is he who occupies an honorable leading place among Russian-language systems. Many people begin their thorny search path with it, and few remain dissatisfied with the presentation of the material and, in particular, with the functioning. The system occupies the most advantageous position in Ukraine and abroad: Russia, Türkiye, Kazakhstan.

In terms of its performance, it is partially inferior only to foreign search engines, such as Google, Baidu. In the work of this search engine, it is necessary to note the effective operation of the navigation search and the correct thematic selection, many necessary links when issuing material.

Nigma– a successfully developed system by students, which later became a good example. The search engine is directly connected to the search database of Google, MSN, Yandex companies, working according to a mutual assistance scheme, of course more than necessary for Nigma itself.

Next to the link from the list, the exact name of the search engine from which the material was taken is usually indicated. By the way, this search option is most suitable for schoolchildren, teachers, graduate students, and Nigma services in mathematics and chemistry will help you successfully solve problems, formulas, convert and calculate dimensions.

Remember, every person visiting the Internet chooses those search engines that are closer and more convenient to him, but most often you are simply accustomed to one of them.

Above were the basic operating principles and characteristics of the most famous search engines.

Experience shows that using search engines is a painstaking and very difficult task. After all, each resource has many of its own snags, different algorithms, different ranking and sorting.

And your site should be universal, right? That is, to occupy a ranking place. Everything is quite simple to explain! Any search engines (in accordance with the program embedded in them) take into account the various factors they need on your site.

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Your site will become visited, successful and understandable for all the world-famous Internet search engines.

A search engine is a database of specific information on the Internet. Many users believe that as soon as they enter a query into a search engine, the entire Internet immediately begins to be scanned, but this is not at all true. The Internet is scanned constantly, by many programs, data about sites is entered into a database, where, according to certain criteria, all sites and all their pages are distributed into various types of lists and databases. That is, it is a kind of file cabinet of data, and the search takes place not on the Internet, but on this file cabinet.

Google is the most popular search engine in the world.

In addition to the search engine, Google offers many additional services, programs and hardware, including an email service, Google Chrome browser, the largest YouTube video library and many other projects. Google is confidently buying up many projects that bring large profits. Most of the services are not aimed at the direct user, but at making money on the Internet and are integrated with a focus on the interests of European and American users.

Mail is a search engine that is popular mainly because of its email service.

There are many additional services, the key of which is Mail, at the moment the Mail company owns the social network Odnoklassniki, its own network “My World”, the Money-mail service, many online games, three almost identical browsers with different names. All applications and services contain a lot of advertising content. The social network VKonatkte blocks direct transitions to Mail services, justifying them with a large number of viruses.

Wikipedia.

Wikipedia is a search reference system.

The non-profit search engine, which operates on private donations, therefore does not fill its pages with advertising. A multilingual project whose goal is to create a complete reference encyclopedia in all languages ​​of the world. It has no specific authors and is populated and run by volunteers from all over the world. Each user can both write and edit an article.

Official page - www.wikipedia.org.

Youtube is the largest library of video files.

Video hosting with elements of a social network, where each user can add a video. Since their acquisition by Google Ink, separate registration for YouTube is not required, just register in the Google email service.

Official page - youtube.com.

Yahoo! is the second most important search engine in the world.

There are additional services, the most famous of which is Yahoo mail. As part of improving the quality of the search engine, Yahoo transfers data about users and their queries to Microsoft. From this data, an idea of ​​the interests of users is formed, and a market for advertising content is formed. The Yahoo search engine, like , is engaged in the acquisition of other companies, for example, Yahoo owns the Altavista search service and the e-commerce site Alibaba.

Official page - www.yahoo.com.

WDL is a digital library.

The library collects books that provide cultural value in digital form. The main goal is to increase the level of cultural content of the Internet. Access to the library is free.

Official page - www.wdl.org/ru/.

Bing is a search engine from Microsoft.

Official page - www.baidu.com.

Search engines in Russia

Rambler is a “pro-American” search engine.

Initially it was created as an Internet media portal. Like many other search engines, it has search services for images, video files, maps, weather forecasts, a news section and much more. Publishers also offer a free browser, Rambler-Nichrome.

Official page - www.rambler.ru.

Nigma is an intelligent search engine.

A more convenient search engine due to the presence of many filters and settings. The interface allows you to include or exclude suggested similar values ​​in the search to obtain better results. Also, when receiving a search result, it allows you to use information from other major search engines.

Official page - www.nigma.ru.

Aport - online product catalog.

In the past, a search engine, but after development and innovation were stopped, it quickly lost ground and . Currently, Aport is a trading platform where the products of more than 1,500 companies are presented.

Official page - www.aport.ru.

Sputnik is a national search engine and Internet portal.

Created by Rostelecom. Currently in testing stage.

Official page - www.sputnik.ru.

Metabot is a growing search engine.

Metabot's tasks are to create a search engine for all other search engines, creating results positions taking into account data from the entire list of search engines. That is, it is a search engine for search engines.

Official page - www.metabot.ru.

The search engine has been suspended.

Official page - www.turtle.ru.

KM is a multiportal.

Initially, the site was a multiportal with the subsequent introduction of a search engine. The search can be carried out both within the site and across all monitored RuNet sites.

Official page - www.km.ru.

Gogo - does not work, redirects to a search engine.

Official page - www.gogo.ru.

The Russian multiportal, not very popular, requires improvement. The search engine includes news, television, games, and a map.

Official page - www.zoneru.org.

The search engine does not work, the developers suggest using the search engine.

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If you really understand something, then thoroughly. And if you subscribe to our blog, it means you probably want to become a cool specialist or want to know more about searching on the Internet. To achieve what you want, tricks and life hacks are not enough. We need to expand our horizons.

A search engine is a large and complex program designed to search for information on the Internet.

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How search engines appeared

A long time ago, when the Internet was young and green...

Users, who, it must be said, were very few, had enough of their own bookmarks. But this did not last long: soon it became difficult for a person to navigate the diversity that appeared on the Internet in a short time.

And in order to somehow organize the chaos, Yahoo, DMOZ and other directories were invented (some still exist to this day), into which the authors added and sorted emerging sites into categories. For a while, life became easier.

But the Internet continued to expand, and soon the size of the catalogs became something mind-bogglingly gigantic. Then the developers first thought about searching inside directories, and only then about creating an automated system for indexing everything that is on the Internet in order to simplify the work for all users.

This is how the first search robots appeared.

Which search engine was the first?

The first search engine is considered Wandex (well, confused with Yandex!).This and other early services were, of course, far from perfect. When responding to a search query, they returned something completely different from what we are used to seeing now, i.e. not the most relevant pages, and everything in a row, ignoring ranking. On January 1, 2012, Wandex was relaunched.

This is how the first PS began its work.What search engines are there?on the modern Internet? Attached is the list.

What types of search engines are there: kings of the dance floor

Surprisingly, there are those who arguehow is the search engine better. I wouldn’t do this, simply because they are different and in general it all depends on the purpose and what kind of user you are.

Yandex

This is the most popular search engine in our country. LiveInternet claims that Yandex used by 50.9%, while Google accounts for 40.6% (data from June 2015).

There is a myth that says that Yandex has many times more commercial requests than its closest competitor. A couple of times I came across the idea that, thanks to regionalism honed over the years, the type of audience or its number may vary - this is the reason for Yandex’s primacy in commercial queries. So don't believe this. They're lying.

Google

The Google search engine is the most popular everywhere except Russia :) It has a bunch of possibilities in different directions. In general, the undisputed world leader among search robots.

Google itself appeared around the same time as Yandex, and came to us in Russia only in 2004, when Yandex strengthened its position.

The process of searching on Google has already become a household word for many earthlings. But when I tell my mom “Google”, she still goes to look for the information she needs in Yandex :) She doesn’t know at allwhat search engines exist on the Internet.

What search engines are there: a list of little-known search engines

Most Internet users don't even knowWhat search engines are there besides Yandex?and Google. So here they are;) Meet us!

The search share of this search engine can hardly be called large, but the indicators are gradually growing. Although you should not miss the fact that these numbers directly depend on Odnoklassniki, Mail.ru mail and other things from the Mail corporation.

This is real old school. Just imagine: when this search engine appeared, some SEOs were just learning to walk. In general, Rambler had a chance to rule the show in, but this did not happen for a number of reasons. Currently, it is no longer quite a search engine, but a kind of set of services that use the Yandex engine as a search - for example, they have their own . Attendance, by the way, is quite decent: a little more than a million users visit the Rambler main page per day.

Rambler also has a version Rambler Lite (all the same, only without weather, news, advertising and other things) and XRambler , which combines 15 search engines at once.

How many names has this search engine changed! Over the course of 8 years, he managed to vilify the name MSN Search, then Windows Live Search, then shortened the previous name to Live Search, and now he has come to the name Bing. Many argue that the search quality is close to the Google standard.

Now it is difficult to call Yahoo a search engine, since according to the agreement, all sites owned by Yahoo use the Bing search engine. The latest news about the agreement can be found at Searchengines.

Webalta

Surely this so-called search engine is familiar to you. Have you had to pick it out like a tick from your browser?For a long time now, everyone has known about the dark affairs of this search engine. Alas, no one is interested in this PS. Users are only looking for articles on how to remove this crap from their computer.

Nygma

This search engine is significantly different from the rest. And if the index base of other search engines does not surprise anyone, then the ability to solve problems in chemistry and mathematics distinguishes Nigma from other search engines. Nigma also offers search for music, books, games and torrents.

The search engine, created by order of the Russian government, is considered the world's first state search engine. Offers a separate medical search (search for pharmacies, medicines and articles about diseases). A very convenient theme with “Convenient Country”, where all the recommendations that help the citizen are collected in one place. Here, for example, is the “Documents” section.

This PS is significantly different from the onewhat types of search engines are there on the Internet?. DuckDuckGo - search engine open source and an interesting policy of not using a “filter bubble”. For those who don’t know: a “filter bubble” is when a search engine shows in the search results only those search results that it (this PS) considers necessary for a specific user. At the same time, no one is interested in the opinion of the user himself. DuckDuckGo assures that using their search engine ensures that you get all the information that the search engine has.

“DuckDuckGo” is gaining momentum. Already this summer (2015), the creator of the PS reported three billion requests in annual terms.

While writing this article, I had several questions. In such cases, I don’t rely on extradition, yes, and why, if there’s a person sitting next to me who knows everything about the Internet? Mini-interview with Igor Ivanov.

Igor Ivanov

Head of SEMANTICA studio

If my site is in Google and Yandex, will my site be at the top of the results in other, smaller search engines?

There is a very high probability that this will happen. Yandex and Google are developing their algorithms in the right direction and other search engines are following their example. There was a case when Google experts noticed that the Bing search engine not only copied their algorithms, but also their search results.

Why probability and not complete certainty? Because other search engines will not have time to adjust their ranking algorithms to the standard set by their more successful competitors.

Is it even worth promoting in Sputnik, Mail and other “our” search engines? Which search engine is better?

total

Introduction

Few people now can imagine the Internet without search, search results, and information search systems (IRS) that organize it all. But until recently, all Internet information fit into several directories, the names of which are still well-known (DMOZ, Yahoo).

Today, the volume of information on the Internet is so huge that it is impossible to fit it into any catalogues. To process, store information, and organize searches, powerful software products have been created and continue to be created, which we call search engines (SE). Each search engine (search engine) has its own databases, its own algorithms for processing, searching, ranking and displaying information.

Internet search engines are

The following academic definition of search engines can be given. A search system is a set of programs and technical means for organizing a user search on the Internet, in which, when responding to a text query, the user receives a list of relevant (corresponding to the request) results.

The issuance is made in the form of a list of links to the source of information with a brief description (preview), sometimes with a photo.

For the first example, let’s remember the world search leader “Google” and the leader of the Runet search engine “Yandex”. In addition to these search engines, you can name a dozen more existing search engines, which we will talk about below.

Opinion: Search engines Google, Yandex and others are not generators (producers) of content, but are aggregators (accumulators) of content and, for the most part, other people’s content. It is worth remembering that using someone else’s content to create your own traffic and monetize it can be characterized as “piracy,” which, of course, does not happen in reality.

Rating

• and Google share the first two places of leaders: about 49% and 45%.
• Third place: Search Mail.ru about 3%;
• Other search engines float below 1%.

I look at the statistics on Google Analytics:

• yandex/organic 40.26%
• google/organic 38.93%
• mail.ru/organic 0.60%
• rambler/organic 0.52%
• bing/organic 0.12%

The statistics are inexorable: Yandex searches are used most of all, and if you consider that 3% is a good result compared to 45%, then the third most popular search is Mail.ru.

In this regard, discussions about the popularity of search engines other than Yandex and Google can be attributed to superstition, and special promotion of sites in other search engines (not Yandex and Google) does not deserve attention.

How search engines work

The question of how search engines work is as common as the question “what color is the sky.” If the sky is blue, then search engines collect information on the Internet, process it, rank it and send it to the user based on the search query.

The theory of Internet search is much more extensive and cannot be presented in the article. However, the main points will be useful to us:

Internet search engines do not store documents, that is, they do not download and upload documents completely to their repositories;

IRSs use the Internet as a decentralized document repository. Search engines periodically crawl the Internet, select the information they need based on their algorithms, and partially place it (the information) in their database (Database). This leads to several problems:

• Information retrieval systems do not use all the information on the Internet, but only part of it;
• Internet information changes frequently. About 1,500 thousand pages are added per day, hence the possible “empty output”;
• There are a large number of duplicates (duplicate content). Unfortunately, I don’t have exact data on takes, and the reported figure of 25% of takes seems too high;
• There is a lot of advertising, which is also bypassed by search engines;
• “Wandering” of search robots on the network greatly increases the load on resources (does not apply to search engines);
• Most sites are commercial (about 83%) and have little informational value.

For these and some other reasons, the vast majority of Internet information retrieval systems use a keyword search scheme (search engines), rather than a classic search scheme based on information classification.

Features of keyword search

Despite the changing algorithms of search engines, whose advertising tries to convince us that machines are becoming smarter and more understanding, the basis of search engines is keyword search.

I like this keyword search scheme.

As you can see, the work of Internet search engines is based on searching for new documents (search robot Spider + Crawler), indexing detected documents (Indexer) and executing a user query (Search Engine Results Engine). The names of search robots used for these purposes are listed in brackets.

As I said, most search engines do not copy the full text of documents into their database. For searching, when indexing a document, a search image is created. To organize a search by , the indexing robot creates an image of the document using the so-called derived method. That is, the document image contains a title and a set of keywords.

However, it can be stated quite accurately that all IPS pay attention to the following:

• Presence of a keyword in