Tor programs and proxy servers. Transparent bypass of blocking and access to the Tor network. The provider replaces the IP in the DNS

I'll start with a note.

Dear ladies and gentlemen!
I understand perfectly well that you constantly and chronically do not have time. And you definitely won’t be able to spend 5 minutes. Although it’s enough to write something like “Thank you! This will come in handy! I’ll take it for myself! I’ll figure it out!” you have time (usually you do). But please understand me: I also don’t have time to check all my messages for relevance. But if you had spent 5 minutes of your time IMMEDIATELY, you would not have wasted your time writing this message. Thank you for your attention!

I recently wrote a message "". But (as it turned out) it is not entirely correct. Because changes have been made to the new version of TOR. Therefore, if you are, then you should have the same proxy settings, and if you are, then slightly different.

Unfortunately, I only found out about this the other day when I updated the TOR software on my work computer. Because of this, there may be problems when setting up programs to work through the TOR network. If you have such problems or are just curious, then read below.

How it looks for the entire system (Internet Explorer browser settings):

What it looks like for the Opera browser:

How it looks for the Mozilla Firefox browser:

What does it look like for:

Part No. 3. Custom settings for TOR
The most attentive (of those who have read up to this point) might have noticed that the settings in parts No. 1 and No. 2 differ only in one digit of the port number "9 1 50" and "9 0 50".
Is it possible to set your own port in the settings of TOR Browser or Vidalia? Of course you can. And there are 2 ways to do this.

Method No. 1.
Go to the settings of TOR Browser or Vidalia. To do this, move the mouse over the TOR “onion” in the system tray and press the right mouse button. From the drop-down menu, select “Settings”:

In the settings that open, select the “Advanced” tab and click on the “Edit current torrc” button:

But now you need to be especially careful and do as I wrote below:

1. Write the line ""SocksPort port number" (for example: "SocksPort 8008").
2. Select this line with the mouse.
3. Check the "Apply selected" checkbox.
4. Click on the "OK" button.

Why is this so? I don’t know, but otherwise my program didn’t want to save the changes.

Method number 2.
Just look where the settings file is located, open it with any text editor and enter a line at the bottom like: “SocksPort port number”. For example: "SocksPort 8008". It's better to do this when your TOR is not running.

How can I find this settings file? Its address is written in the “Advanced” section of the settings (see method No. 1 above).
For example, for TOR Browser I have:

And for Vidalia like this:

Moreover, you can enter your own path to the file and use the same settings for both programs (if you suddenly use both of them on the same computer). But do not forget to change the port number to the one you specified where necessary (see part No. 1 or No. 2).

Part No. 4. How and where to view proxy settings for TOR Browser
Many, having read everything above, will ask the question: “How can I see what proxy settings my TOR Browser uses?”
Very simple!

Go to the settings of the Firefox that comes with TOR Browser:

There we go to the “Advanced” tab and find the “Network” subtab:

And there you can see what proxy settings your TOR Browser has:

How and what Now what to do if you need to use an http(s) proxy to work through TOR, maybe I’ll write about it soon.

P.S. I guarantee the relevance of this message for 2 weeks. If something doesn’t work for you starting from August 15, 2013, you can ask yourself the question: “Why didn’t I set all this up earlier?” Although I can write the answer right away: “Because I didn’t have time! But now I have time to figure everything out on my own.” Good luck!

When surfing the Internet, not everything always goes smoothly. Sometimes various errors may pop up that interrupt access to the network. One of these is the case when the proxy server refuses to accept a connection to the Tor browser. The problem may appear in other clients as well.

What does the error mean?

This error message indicates that for some reason the browser does not have access to the global network. In this case, the Internet connection itself does not disappear. So, for example, with this error, other programs may continue to work, the torrent will download files, and correspondence on Skype will continue.

Causes

As a rule, the browser gains access to the World Wide Web automatically using a wired or wireless connection. Only initial setup is required.

But it happens that the proxy server settings get lost, and then the network disappears. A proxy server is like an intermediary's computer through which all information passes. Its (server) address is indicated in the settings, and all requests go through it. But if it does not work, then the browser sends a signal without a response, which interrupts the Internet.

This problem can arise for various reasons. Proxy settings may be lost even if you shut down your computer incorrectly. Also, the presence of viruses or visiting unreliable sites can trigger such an error.

All solutions

There are several ways to fix the “The proxy server refuses to accept the connection” error in the Tor browser. The same solutions can be used to resolve the same problem in other clients. It is recommended that all actions be performed using an administrator account.

Browser proxy settings

First you need to try changing the settings in your browser. To do this you need to do the following:

Proxy system settings

If after changing the browser settings nothing has changed, then it is worth checking the system ones. To do this you need to follow the instructions:

Go to the search menu and enter "Proxy".
Select in the search results "Network proxy settings".
A window will open in which you need to set automatic proxy detection.

After saving the changes, the problem should go away.

Conclusion

The occurrence of such an error while using the Tor browser is always unpleasant. But with timely action it can be quickly eliminated. If none of the methods worked, you should try to roll back the system to a point where it was still working.

Tor is a system of confusing proxy servers that disguises the user's presence on the Internet. It is usually used in a special browser (which is called Tor Browser), but it can also be added to Google Chrome, which is more familiar to most users. To do this, you just need to install and configure a few extensions.

First install the Kronymous extension. Its icon will appear in the chrome://apps tab. Launch Kronymous and click OK under the instructions for use, and then "Start Tor Proxy". Wait until the download reaches 100% (if an error message appears, click "Restart Tor Proxy"). It would also be a good idea to check the box next to Autostart Tor Proxy - thanks to this, if the connection to Tor is lost, a new connection will be automatically established. Do not close the terminal, otherwise the connection to Tor will be lost.

If you check the IP address at this stage, nothing will change. In order to hide it, you need to redirect the browser through a proxy, and this can be done using the Proxy Switcher Omega extension. Install it, open profile settings, go to the Proxy section and specify the following parameters:

Protocol: SOCKS5
Server: 127.0.0.1
Port: 9999

Click "Apply changes" and then click on the Proxy Switcher Omega button to the right of the address bar and select a profile (for example, proxy). Check your computer's IP address. If it has changed, then Tor is working and masking you. Each new tab will have its own IP.

That's not all. If you do not want to leave traces on sites that can identify you, disable the use of javascript. This can be done in the browser settings or using an extension

You can turn your computer into a web proxy for other devices on your local network. Tor is suitable for hiding the real IP address. That is, in the settings of other devices you will need to specify your computer data as a proxy, and all devices that access the Internet through your proxy will mask their IP.

In this case, the computer from which the proxy is made can be used in normal mode. You can configure it so that other programs (web browser, for example) will also use a proxy to access the network, or access the Internet directly.

Alternatives

Obviously, for this to work, the computer acting as the proxy must be turned on at all times. And this, at a minimum, means electricity costs. As an alternative, we recommend using routers that have built-in Tor support. An example of such routers are Asus series RT-AC* with firmware Asuswrt-Merlin.

The screenshot shows an already outdated RT-N66U:

In such routers, it is enough to enable Tor and choose whether to use a connection through the Tor network for all devices, or only for certain ones.

It's really convenient. And if you need the function of redirecting traffic from all devices on a local network via Tor, but do not need additional proxy server functions (traffic filtering, for example), then I recommend thinking about buying such an advanced router.

Another alternative to a proxy on Windows is a proxy on Linux. Although, this is probably a matter of personal preference.

Static IP in Windows and installing the Tor service

You need to make sure that the computer's IP does not change. You can read about how to make a permanent IP in Windows in the article “” - there is a lot of theory there and it describes in detail how to set up a static local IP for the system. If you do not configure a permanent local IP, then our “stone flower”, i.e. our proxy, after changing the IP address, will turn into a pumpkin.

Of course, you need to install the Tor service. How to do this is described in the article "". It's easy enough to install and run - no other steps are necessary.

Initial data

I will show with a specific example. However, my local IP 192.168.0.49 , and the Tor service is running on its standard port 9050 . If you set up a proxy with me, then in subsequent commands/settings replace 192.168.0.49 with your local IP. Also, if you have changed the default Tor port, then replace 9050 in the following examples with your port. By the way, how to change the Tor port is described in.

Web proxy and SOCKS are not the same thing!

SOCKS by its function is also a proxy. But what distinguishes it from a web proxy is that it is a different technology, with a different implementation and slightly different functions.

The most important practical conclusion: if a device or application works only with a web proxy, then in its settings you can't just specify the Tor port- this will not work, because web proxy and SOCKS are different things.

SOCKS is one of the application protocols; other examples of application protocols are: HTTP, FTP, SMTP, RDP, SNMP, DHCP.

Unlike HTTP proxy servers, SOCKS transfers all the data from the client without adding anything from itself, that is, from the point of view of the end server, the data it receives from the SOCKS proxy is identical to the data that the client would transfer directly, without proxying . SOCKS is more universal, it does not depend on specific application layer protocols (layer 7 of the OSI model) and operates at the level of TCP connections (layer 4 of the OSI model). But the HTTP proxy caches data and can more carefully filter the content of the transmitted data.

Web proxies and SOCKS are like HDMI and VGA - they have similar functions, but nevertheless you cannot just plug a VGA cable into an HDMI socket - you need an adapter.

Same with Tor. If the application you are using supports SOCKS, then it can connect directly to Tor. If not, then you need to install an “adapter” program.

Such a program, for example, is Privoxy.

Installing and running Privoxy on Windows

Please note that the proxy is used by the browser and may not be used by other applications. Some applications have their own proxy settings - check them.

Setting up a proxy in Windows

Go to " Options", start writing " proxy" and select " Changing proxy server settings manually»:

Turn on " Use a proxy server", enter the IP and port, check the box " Do not use a proxy server for local (internal) addresses»:

Save your settings. Check in your browser https://suip.biz/ru/?act=myip:

And in other programs, for example, in the Windows command line:

Curl suip.biz/ip/

Setting up a proxy on Linux

On Linux, proxy settings can be changed in different ways. For example, this can be done for individual applications or for the entire system; in the GUI or command line.

If you are using GUI then go Options-> Net. Click the gear where " Network proxy»:

Move the switch to " Manually" and enter your details:

For all IPs, enter the address of the computer where the proxy is running. As a port for HTTPS, HTTP, FTP enter the Privoxy port, and for Socks enter the Tor port (default is 9050 unless you change it).

After this, both web browsers and console utilities will use the proxy settings. But be careful with programs like Nmap, Masscan - they send raw packets, bypassing system calls - in other words, they do not use proxy settings.

Option without GUI, enter the commands into the console:

In them, replace 192.168.0.49 with the IP of your proxy, and ports 8118 and 9050 with the Privoxy and Tor port, respectively.

These settings are saved only until you reboot!

In order for the settings to be permanent and work after restarting the computer, add to the file /etc/bash.bashrc add these same lines (again, replace the IP and port numbers):

Export all_proxy="socks://192.168.0.49:9050/" export http_proxy="http://192.168.0.49:8118/" export https_proxy="http://192.168.0.49:8118/" export no_proxy="localhost ,127.0.0.1,::1,192.168.1.1,192.168.0.1"

Save the file.

Configuring the use of proxies by VirtualBox virtual machines

Be careful when setting up virtual machines! In the menu item " File» -> « Settings"there is a tab " Proxy" Be aware that this setting only works while VirtualBox is checking for and downloading updates.

For virtual machines, you need to configure the proxy individually within the operating system of each of them.

The host machine's system-wide proxy settings will not necessarily work for the virtual machine, since it uses its own drivers and virtual network interfaces.

Many people believe that TOR is a 100% private and secure way to use the World Wide Web without the risk of being tracked. Is this true or just rumors? There are many ways to check, but not all sites write about it.

In fact, TOR does not solve the problem of privacy and anonymity. It has many limitations and risks that you should be aware of before you start using it.

Output nodes can be viewed

With TOR, network traffic passes through the TOR network and then through many connected relays before leaving the TOR network. The idea behind using TOR is to prevent the computer being used from being identified, which could only connect to the first connection or act as a relay forwarding encrypted traffic to other TOR nodes. If you connect via TOR to Google, the traffic passes through many TOR relays, but eventually leaves the network and connects to Google servers. The last TOR node, where traffic leaves the TOR network and enters the open Internet, can be viewed. The node where traffic leaves the TOR network is called an output relay or exit node.

Output nodes are at much greater risk than relays that pass traffic. It is possible that the government could estimate the amount of traffic passing through exit nodes.

This problem is not far-fetched. When using TOR, always use encrypted HTTPS sites, especially if they contain sensitive information. Traffic can be tracked, and this can be done not only by the government, but also by criminal elements who want to gain access to other people's information.

Plugins, JavaScript and other applications that expose IP

The TOR browser has default settings that ensure security - disabling JavaScript, plugins, browser warning signals when trying to download a file and open it in another application.

If you are trying to change your IP address, JavaScript should be avoided. The use of JavaScripts in the form of various plugins, Flash applications, etc. can lead to information leakage and, as a result, reveal your real IP.

By default, the TOR browser does not allow such problems to occur, but these settings can be changed, you can disable protection and use Javascript or plugins. You shouldn't do this if you want to remain anonymous. On the other hand, if you do not want to remain anonymous, then you do not need to use TOR.

Don't take this lightly. The TOR browser should be left in Safe Mode. You should not use TOR through any other browser. The initial settings of the TOR browser do not need to be changed. You should not use other applications when using TOR.