Learning to understand traffic lights with additional sections. Traffic signals. Traffic Laws

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals.

Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped.

Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow(s), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:

• GREEN SIGNAL allows movement;
• GREEN FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs that its validity period is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
• YELLOW SIGNAL prohibits movement, except for the cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns about the upcoming change of signals;
• YELLOW FLASHING SIGNAL allows traffic and informs about the presence of an uncontrolled intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns about danger;
• RED SIGNAL, including flashing, prohibits movement.

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.

The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section or a switched on red light signal of its outline means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

6.5. If a traffic light signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian and (or) a bicycle, then its effect applies only to pedestrians (cyclists). In this case, the green signal allows, and the red signal prohibits, the movement of pedestrians (cyclists).

To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size, complemented by a white rectangular plate measuring 200 x 200 mm with a black bicycle image, can also be used.

6.6. To inform blind pedestrians about the possibility of crossing the roadway, traffic light signals can be supplemented with an audible signal.

6.7. To regulate the movement of vehicles along lanes of the roadway, in particular along those in which the direction of movement can change to the opposite, reversible traffic lights with a red X-shaped signal and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards are used. These signals respectively prohibit or allow movement in the lane above which they are located.

The main signals of a reversible traffic light can be supplemented by a yellow signal in the form of an arrow, tilted diagonally down to the right or left, the inclusion of which informs about the upcoming change of signal and the need to change lanes to which the arrow points.

When the signals of the reversing traffic light, which is located above the lane marked on both sides by markings 1.9, are turned off, entry into this lane is prohibited.

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon-colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight, and the right one allows movement to the right. If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

6.9. A round white-lunar flashing signal located at a railroad crossing allows vehicles to move through the crossing. When the flashing white-lunar and red signals are turned off, movement is permitted if there is no train (locomotive, handcar) approaching the crossing within sight.

6.10. The traffic controller signals have the following meanings:

• HANDS ARE EXTENDED TO THE SIDE OR LOWERED:

  from the left and right sides, the tram is allowed to move straight, trackless vehicles straight and to the right, pedestrians are allowed to cross the roadway;

  from the chest and back, the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited.

• RIGHT ARMS EXTRACTED FORWARD:

  from the left side, trams are allowed to move to the left, and trackless vehicles in all directions;

  from the chest side, all vehicles are allowed to move only to the right;

  from the right side and back, the movement of all vehicles is prohibited;

  Pedestrians are allowed to cross the road behind the traffic controller.

• ARM RAISED UP:

  the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited in all directions, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules.

The traffic controller can give hand gestures and other signals that are understandable to drivers and pedestrians.

For better visibility of signals, the traffic controller can use a rod or disk with a red signal (retroreflector).

6.11. A request to stop a vehicle is made using a loudspeaker device or a hand gesture directed at the vehicle. The driver must stop at the place indicated to him.

6.12. An additional whistle signal is given to attract the attention of traffic participants.

Pedestrians who were on the roadway when the signal was given must clear it, and if this is not possible, stop on the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

6.15. Drivers and pedestrians must comply with the signals and orders of the traffic controller, even if they contradict traffic light signals, road signs or markings.

If the meanings of traffic light signals contradict the requirements of priority road signs, drivers must be guided by the traffic light signals.

6.16. At railway crossings, simultaneously with the red flashing traffic light, an audible signal may be sounded, additionally informing traffic participants that movement through the crossing is prohibited.

Today, every person understands what a traffic light is. The colors: red, yellow and green are familiar even to a child.

However, there was a time when these optical devices did not exist, and crossing the street was not very easy. Especially in big cities, passers-by had to pass endless horse-drawn carriages for a long time.

On the cross streets there was confusion and endless disputes.

A short excursion into history

The traffic light was originally invented by the British. It was staged in London at the end of 68 of the 19th century. It was controlled by a man. The mechanism had two hands. When they were in a horizontal position, movement was prohibited, and when they were lowered, passage was allowed. At night they turned on a gas burner, which gave a red and green signal. It turned out to be unsafe. The gas exploded, injured a policeman, and the traffic light was removed.

It was only at the beginning of the twentieth century that an automatic traffic light was patented in America. Colors were not used in it; inscriptions replaced them.

The red color is very visible in any weather: when the sun is shining brightly, it is raining, or there is fog. From a physical point of view, red has the longest wavelength. This is probably why it was chosen as forbidden. The meaning of red is the same all over the world.

The other signal at the traffic light is green. This is the color of calm and tranquility. It has a relaxing effect on the human brain. Green allows movement. It can be seen far enough away; any driver sees this color long before passing the traffic light and calmly crosses the intersection without braking.

However, as they say, there is an unspoken rule according to which it is still worth slowing down when driving through a dangerous intersection, even when the traffic light shows green. This action often helps avoid serious accidents.

Yellow - pay attention

Yellow traffic light color is intermediate. It carries a warning function and calls on traffic participants to pay attention. The color yellow is said to symbolize intelligence, intuition and intelligence. It usually lights up after red, calling on drivers to get ready to move. As practice shows, many drivers perceive a yellow traffic light as permission and start moving. This is wrong, although it is not punishable by penalties. When the yellow light comes on, you need to depress the clutch and get ready, but to start driving it is better to wait for the green light, especially since the wait is only a couple of seconds.

In reverse order: green, yellow, red - the traffic light does not work. In modern devices, after green, red immediately lights up, while in the last minutes green begins to blink.

You can also sometimes see a continuously flashing yellow traffic light. This indicates that the traffic light is disabled or broken. Most often, traffic lights flash yellow at night.

Pedestrian traffic light

There is also a traffic light to regulate pedestrian traffic. What colors does it use? Red and green - definitely, but yellow is absent as unnecessary. A person does not need any special preparation to cross the road.

They are usually depicted as walking men. For the convenience of pedestrians, a time counter has recently been used. A special stopwatch counts down how many seconds are left before the opposite signal turns on.

As with regular traffic lights, red prohibits traffic, and green indicates that the passage is open.

When driving through an intersection, drivers should be aware that pedestrians have the right of way. So, for example, at an intersection a car turns right at a green traffic light, while pedestrians crossing a perpendicular road also see a green light. In this case, the motorist is obliged to let all pedestrians pass and only then continue driving.

What is a "green wave"

In large cities, traffic on highways is accompanied by a large number of traffic lights that regulate traffic. A traffic light, the colors of which are known to everyone, switches them at certain intervals. This frequency is adjusted automatically and ensures the safety of vehicle movement.

The “green wave” is tied to the speed of the car. It is assumed that, moving at a certain average speed, the driver, having encountered a green traffic light, will also encounter a green light along the entire length of the highway. The three traffic light colors switch at regular intervals, and there is consistency between a number of traffic lights. At all intersections of the route, coordinated according to this principle, there is the same cyclicity.

The “Green Wave” was developed for the convenience of passing intersections; technically, this is not particularly difficult to implement. As a rule, on such highways additional signs are installed with the recommended speed, which will ensure non-stop passage of intersections.

The three-eyed traffic light is an assistant to the driver and pedestrian. The colors switch in order and adjust the progress, ensuring the safety of all road users. By following them conscientiously, you can avoid serious accidents and unpleasant situations on the roads.

This section contains only those points of the part of the traffic rules “Road signs and markings” in which people studying the “Rules” are often confused, do not understand, etc. That is, only what requires clarification. The student can learn the rest on his own.

Let's start with the most important:
- Let us remind you that the traffic light and the traffic controller cancel the action priority signs. That is, when a traffic light or traffic controller is working, you simply ignore the signs. When solving problems, it makes sense to cover them with your palm so as not to be confused.
- Traffic controller signals more important traffic light signals. So if the traffic light signals contradict the traffic controller’s movements, we follow the traffic controller’s instructions.
- Both the traffic light and the traffic controller act only on first road crossing.
- Entering an intersection on a yellow light allowed only to prevent emergency braking. We are talking about old traffic lights, without counters and flashing green lights.
- If a car occupies an intersection and does not have time to leave it before the traffic light cycle switches (for example, when turning left, waiting for oncoming traffic), then it is obliged to leave it even when the traffic light is red. The driver is obliged to perform the same actions - leave the intersection - even when the traffic controller gives a prohibitory signal.
- If the roadway immediately after the intersection is occupied by a traffic jam, it is prohibited to occupy the intersection. You can turn onto open streets or stay where you are.
- The traffic light has three states: included and works normally, off and flashes only yellow, and spoiled. In the latter case, most often it does not light up at all, or not all sections light up. Or, on the contrary, several, or even all, are burning at once. In any case, a traffic light flashing yellow is considered to be off. And if the traffic police exam card shows a traffic light with a burning yellow signal, this means only one thing: it is turned off.

Traffic light

• Railway traffic light.

A white-lunar flashing signal allows movement, a red flashing signal prohibits it.

• Traffic light for route transport moving along a dedicated lane.

The principle of regulation is very simple: the upper signal indicates the direction, and the lower one allows movement. If the lower signal is not lit, movement is prohibited. A burning lower one, together with the upper middle one, allows movement straight, a burning lower one, together with the left one, allows movement to the left. And so on.
Several signals can light up in the top row at once, allowing you to move in several directions.

• Reversible traffic light.

1. Movement on the reverse lane allowed in the only case: when the green arrow is on.
2. The red cross is lit - Movement Prohibition.
3. All signals are turned off, the traffic light does not work - Movement Prohibition.
4. The yellow arrow is on - you need to change lanes to the right non-reversible lane - Movement Prohibition.

• Traditional three-section traffic light.

Students, when solving exam questions, and, even worse, when actually driving, sometimes forget that the traffic light signal does not always actually allow traffic. Jumps out of my head position of the car on the roadway And limit signs.
In the most general case, with two-lane two-way traffic, a car can move at a green traffic light in any direction - straight, right, left and turn around.
If there are more lanes, then you can turn right only from the right lane, and turn left and turn around - from the left.

Traffic signals

For those who are unable to stop at an intersection without emergency braking, driving through an intersection allowed.

Red at the same time as yellow prohibits movement and warns that the green signal will soon be turned on. In some places there are still old traffic lights operating in this mode - after changing the red cycle when switching to yellow, the red signal does not go out, but continues to light simultaneously with the yellow one until the green one turns on.

Red and yellow signals with such arrows warn that movement will be allowed only in the directions indicated by the arrows.

• Traffic light with additional sections.

Recently, traffic lights have appeared with a red ring, meaning that an additional section is present and that travel in the direction indicated on it is prohibited.

Let's call this combination of signals demon RIGHTS ny RIGHTS y.

Tram in a situation with primary red and additional green also gives way.
Let us remind you that the tram gives way only in three cases:
- Under the "give way" sign
- When leaving the tram depot,
- And when the main red and green arrows are on.

It also happens that each lane is controlled by a separate traffic light. Then there are as many traffic lights as there are lanes on the roadway.

At some intersections you are allowed to turn right on a red light. In this case, such an arrow is installed on them, often with a corresponding inscription.

There are traffic lights that have "red" in the main section always on, only additional “arrows” (usually turning right) are turned on and off. There are also traffic lights that always have “green” in the main section, and flow control is also carried out only by arrows. You just need to know this. And this shouldn't be confusing.

There are some very wonderful traffic lights abroad; this one, for example, was installed in Salzburg, Austria. No comments needed.

Adjuster

The most confusion arises with the traffic controller, and not only among students, but also experienced drivers, and sometimes even among the traffic controllers themselves.
Meanwhile, there is nothing complicated here - the illustrations, as usual, will help us figure it out, and we will add funny little rhymes to them.
Rod only in the right hand, and nothing else. Even if the traffic controller is left-handed.

Hand up - prohibits movement everyone, including trams and pedestrians. You can drive in the only case - in order to leave the intersection.

Two other positions allow movement, we will look at them below. Let us only note that position (2) - arms to the side or at the seams - represents the same position of the traffic controller.

For a tram and a car, with the same gestures of the traffic controller, movement along different trajectories is allowed.

With a tram, everything is extremely simple, if you use the mnemonic rule "from sleeve to sleeve". That is, the tram enters one arm and leaves the other. Hands lowered at the seams are equivalent to hands spread to the sides. That's all you need to know about the tram.

Now - a car.
It's time for the first count. Remember: Chest, back for the driver - wall.
That is, driving directly “to the chest” and “to the back” is prohibited. This applies to all positions of the regulator, except the first. In the first one, as you remember, you can’t go at all.

Now the figure is second - position of the adjuster with arms to the sides or at the seams.

You cannot drive towards the traffic controller from the chest and back.
Pedestrians can cross the road straight ahead. A car turning right allows pedestrians to pass(this is logical: after all, it crosses their path along the sidewalk).
The tram, following "from sleeve to sleeve", can only go straight.

The first little count helped.

Figure two. The position of the traffic controller with the right arm extended forward.
There is another rhyme for this situation:
If a rod is poked into your mouth - -
right turn only.
If the wand is aimed to the right -
You have no right to go.
If the rod points to the left -
Ride like a queen!

By the way, this is the only exception to the first count, which prohibits driving from the chest and back. There are no other exceptions.

It turns out (clockwise from top):
- “The staff is aimed to the right” - you can’t drive.
- “The back is a wall for the driver” - you can’t drive
- “The rod faces left” - all directions of the queen.
- “They poke a rod in the mouth - this is a right turn.”

Everything is extremely simple.

However, when deciding on tickets and - especially - driving, we must not forget about location car on the roadway and road signs.

The materials are presented on the basis of a program developed by teachers

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:

- Green signal allows movement;

When the traffic lights are green, traffic is allowed in any direction unless additional restrictions are imposed by signs and markings (Fig. 42). When driving on a road that has more than one lane in one direction, it is necessary to take into account the so-called “row rule” (clause 8.5 of the Rules).

A green flashing signal allows movement and informs that its duration is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal); (Fig. 43)

A green flashing signal, like a green continuously burning signal, allows movement. Ave. When deciding whether to stop or continue driving, you should take into account that it usually takes 3-4 seconds before the yellow signal starts flashing, as well as the distance that your vehicle covers in 1 second. To estimate this distance approximately, divide your current speed (km/h) by ten and multiply by three.

If you are not sure that you can enter the intersection when the signal permits, then slow down and stop.

The yellow signal prohibits movement, except in cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of an upcoming change of signals; (Fig. 44)

A yellow signal turned on after a red one always prohibits movement. If the signal is yellow, the signal is turned on after the green one, then in exceptional cases, when to stop moving it is necessary to resort to emergency braking, the Rules (clause 6.14) allow you to continue driving.

A yellow flashing signal allows movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger; (Fig. 45)

- A red signal, including a flashing one, prohibits movement (Article 12.12 of the Administrative Code) (Fig. 46)

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal. (Fig. 47)

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.

The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

This paragraph of the Rules deals with two types of traffic lights.

First- directional traffic lights. They have arrows on all three lenses of the main signals (Fig. 48). Directional traffic lights regulate traffic in each lane over which they are located, making it easier for drivers to navigate. Their signals are similar to those of a regular traffic light.

Second type of traffic lights- these are traffic lights with additional sections (Fig. 49). Movement in the direction of the arrow included in the additional section is allowed only when it is turned on. However, if the green arrow in the additional section is turned on simultaneously with the red signal of the main section of the traffic light, then you should give way to vehicles moving from other directions (clause 13.5 of the Rules).

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

This black contour arrow is used to prevent an erroneous turn or U-turn at night, when the switched-off additional section may not be visible to the driver.

6.5. If a traffic light signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian (bicycle), then its effect applies only to pedestrians (cyclists). In this case, the green signal allows, and the red signal prohibits, the movement of pedestrians (cyclists).

To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size can also be used, supplemented by a rectangular white plate measuring 200 x 200 mm with a picture of a black bicycle.

6.6. To inform blind pedestrians about the possibility of crossing the roadway, traffic light signals can be supplemented with an audible signal.

6.7. To regulate the movement of vehicles along the lanes of the roadway, in particular along those in which the direction of movement can change to the opposite, reversible traffic lights with a red X-shaped reversible signal and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards are used. These signals respectively prohibit or allow movement in the lane above which they are located.

“Reverse” translated from Latin means reverse. To increase road capacity, a lane or several lanes may be allocated on the roadway, the direction of movement along which changes depending on the intensity of traffic flow. Such lanes are called reversible; they are marked with a double broken line marking 1.9 and a reversible traffic light is installed above each of them.

Driving is prohibited only in the lane above which there is a reversible traffic light with a red X-shaped signal on (Fig. 50).

The main signals of a reversible traffic light can be supplemented by a yellow signal in the form of an arrow inclined diagonally down to the right or left, the activation of which informs about the upcoming change of signal and the need to change lanes to which the arrow points. (Fig. 51)

Using this signal allows you to speed up the release of the reversible lane and reduces the time required to change the direction of traffic.

When the signals of the reversing traffic light, which is located above the lane marked on both sides with markings 1.9, are turned off, entry into this lane is prohibited. (Fig. 52)

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon-colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight (Fig. 53), the right one allows movement to the right (Fig. 54 and 55). If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

• GREEN the signal allows movement;
• GREEN FLASHING the signal allows movement and informs that its duration is expiring and a prohibiting signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
• YELLOW the signal prohibits movement, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of the upcoming change of signals;
• YELLOW FLASHING the signal allows movement and informs about the presence of an uncontrolled intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger;
• RED a signal, including a flashing one, prohibits movement.
• Combination RED And YELLOW signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming turning on of the green signal.

What does a flashing green traffic light mean?

Answer. To inform drivers about the upcoming change of the green traffic light to yellow, the Rules provide for the possibility of flashing the green signal. This signal allows the vehicle to move. The blinking duration should be 3 seconds.

Answer. A green traffic light allows you to turn left. Tram traffic at this intersection is regulated by a single-color traffic light in the shape of the letter “T”. Considering that with such a signal the tram is prohibited from moving, you can pass the intersection first.

In what case are you obliged to give way to a tram?

Answer. The turned on turn signal informs you that the paths of your car and the tram intersect at an intersection. Considering that this traffic light simultaneously allows you and the tram driver to move, you are obliged to give way to the tram.

You intend to turn left. What are your actions?

Answer. A green traffic light gives you the right to move left. In this case, you must drive in the intended direction regardless of the traffic light signal at the exit from the intersection.

You intend to turn left. What are your actions?

Answer. A green traffic light gives you the right to move left. But, since at this intersection there is a stop line in front of the traffic light installed on the dividing strip, you must stop in front of it and wait for the green signal.

Answer. The turned on tram turn signal informs you that the paths of your car and the tram intersect at an intersection. Considering that the green traffic light allows you to go straight, and the tram traffic light in the shape of the letter “T” prohibits the tram from turning right, you can pass the intersection first.

You intend to drive straight through the intersection. What are your actions?

Answer. A green traffic light gives you and oncoming vehicles the right to move. In this case, you must give way only to the tram. An oncoming passenger car is not allowed to pass through the intersection together with a tram.

What does a flashing yellow traffic light mean?

Answer. A yellow flashing signal warns of possible danger and is used to indicate an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing.

When turning left you:

Answer. A green traffic light gives the right to move to all vehicles. But when turning left, you must give way to a tram, which has priority over trackless vehicles, as well as to an oncoming passenger car (traffic rules 13.4).

A red flashing signal or two alternately flashing red signals of a traffic light installed at a railway crossing means:

Answer. A red flashing signal or two alternately flashing red traffic lights prohibit movement. This type of signaling is mainly used at railway crossings.

You intend to turn left. Who should give way to?

Answer. A green traffic light gives you and oncoming vehicles the right to move. At the same time,