Domain - what it is and how the domain name system works. What is a domain and hosting. How to purchase a domain name correctly and order quality hosting

You need to know what a domain and hosting are if you plan to create your own page and start doing business in the open spaces world wide web. There is nothing particularly complicated about these concepts, but understanding them is really important. These two terms are the basic ones for work related to creating your own page on the vastness of the limitless virtual web.

Their essence should be clear not only to businessmen, but also to those planning to open their own blog. The quality of services provided by the provider will determine the reliability and consistency of access for users and administrators to the portal, and a successful choice of name will ensure the popularity of the resource among visitors and the favor of search engines.

What is a website?

For the user, this is an object on the World Wide Web that can be seen through a browser. This is a page that contains pictures and texts, videos and animated images. You can get acquainted with information, add your own or make purchases - in a word, there are a lot of possibilities. But for a developer, a website is much more complex system, formed by files, scripts, databases, and other components. For the project to work properly, all these elements must be stored in one place around the clock, accessible from different points world via the Internet.

So, why do you need hosting and a domain? The first is precisely to provide access to files that form the technical side of the issue. We'll deal with the second a little later: everything is in order. A special server is created by the company and leased to interested parties free of charge or for a fee. A super-powerful computer equipped with specialized programs. The customer must rent disk space that is sufficient to accommodate all the files of his project.

How does this work?

The main idea of your hosting is round-the-clock access, technical control and regular updates. When choosing the best option, you need to study reviews, evaluate the stability of the service and check how responsive it is technical support enterprises. Only a responsible company is worth renting disk space from. It is known: if a site is unavailable for at least some time, it quickly loses its position among search engine results. In order not to spoil your reputation and undermine your business (and it will be very difficult to restore the situation), it is better to immediately take a responsible approach to choosing a company to rent space on the server.

Paid and free hosting are provided by providers. There are several accommodation options. Virtual hosting is quite popular, when one server provides sufficient capacity to host numerous websites. The user has his own unique control panel in his personal account.

The amount of resources allocated for its needs is determined by the tariff plan. If there is a shortage of capacity, it is usually enough to increase the tariff to solve the problem. Virtual hosting is considered the best option when you need to open one or a small number of projects on the electronic web.

Alternative options

When determining for yourself the most favorable conditions for creating domains and hosting, you should definitely consider the possibilities of VPS and VDS. Such servers are provided for use by the client, which gives access to extensive resources and increased power. The advantage of the technology is absolute control and maximum independence, advanced project management functions.

The option of a physical server looks no less interesting. In this case, the provider offers to rent a car, and all its resources will be the temporary property of the client. You don't have to share with anyone!

Quality and result

When choosing free hosting, you should not count on big technical capabilities or a particularly responsive support team. But when renting a place for a certain fee, you should carefully select a provider in order to pay for real high-quality service.

The technical base of the enterprise and the level of service maintained by the company determine the effectiveness of the client project. If the hosting is productive and stable, then the site will be accessible at any time of the day or night, 365 days a year. Neither the workload nor the scale of the project will play a role.

The task of hosting (Yandex, by the way, regularly issues updated recommendations for choosing providers) is to ensure that pages on the user’s computer load quickly. At the same time, specialists constantly check technical support, make backups every day and carry out preventive maintenance, preventing possible breakdowns. If force majeure occurs, it is the provider that must provide the maximum useful information for data recovery.

Domain: what is it?

Hosting has already been discussed above, so it is worth paying attention to this most important term, understanding of which should be the basic task of a person starting to work with websites. A domain is usually understood as a unique name that helps identify a project on the World Wide Web. Alternative term (absolute synonym) - domain name.

The domain is formed by two levels of component. The first order is an index of letters written in a line after a dot: com, edu, ru. From this information you can get an understanding of which country the site operates in. The second level is a unique name, the invention of which is the responsibility of the project owner. The total is the user's domain: for example, name.ru.

Why is this important?

On the one hand, a domain name is the very first sign that distinguishes a site from all others, that is, through it you can present a project to a potential client or visitor. But this is only the most obvious function of the name. The name is no less significant for the search engine, which understands through the domain what the page is about.

You can only successfully promote a project for which the site’s domain name was responsibly and successfully selected. When choosing a name, you need to remember some expert advice, first of all, inventing a bright, sonorous, understandable phrase. It is recommended to make it as short as possible and memorable.

Considering different options first-level domains, it’s better to choose the one that best matches your geographic location target audience. For example, focusing on the whole world, preference is given to com, but for our country the current option is ru. good useful tips gives you the choice of domain, Yandex hosting. In particular, you can learn from the first-class specialists of this largest domestic company that search engines (by the way, Yandex itself too) perceive sites whose addresses are written in Latin characters better.

Cyrillic domains are undoubtedly good, but it is almost impossible to promote them abroad. When choosing a name, you need to put meaning into the word, choosing something that reflects the theme of the project. For commercial projects, you must enter the name of the company in the address.

What's in my name?

Having chosen a site name that seems most relevant to the topic and effective for future promotion, it is necessary to check the domain. This special procedure, which allows you to find out if such a name has been registered by someone before. If it turns out that a site with such an address already existed, through special resources you can check whether it still exists, what its subject matter was, its reputation, who the owner was.

Some enterprising people register popular names, which they then resell. If you really want a domain name that has been assigned to someone in this way, you can negotiate to purchase the address for a reasonable price.

To some extent, a human name and a domain can be compared. An address that already belongs to someone is not available to a potential site owner.

The fact is that many people can be called by the same names, but this trick will not work on the Internet: each name, each address must be strictly unique, individual, inimitable. This allows you to maintain order on the virtual web and makes it possible quick search resource in the system without confusion and misdirection of the user.

Selecting a domain name: important aspects

As practice shows, not all entrepreneurs, when opening their own business on the Internet, and not every blogger, when starting their own page, seriously think about choosing an address. Many people prefer to entrust this to a company developing a design solution. Needless to say that the selected address in this case may disappoint? As experts say, it is better to do domain registration yourself.

On the one hand, this will allow you to have access to account to block a name or extend service, and the user receives the necessary skills and will be able to register at any time new address, change old. In addition (and this is the most important thing!), with all responsibility you can choose a truly suitable option.

A name is the face of a company, website, project. Others compose real gobbledygook, but it will be of little use. If the name does not mean anything to the visitor, then it will not stick in memory. Abbreviations are suitable for those enterprises that already have a name known to the general public - for example, the Air Force. There will be no difficulties in remembering the site or understanding what it refers to. But some kind of ABCG? Will he remain in memory? Experts say you shouldn't count on this.

Alternative Approach

For an enterprise or publication, the most successful choice of name is one that is consonant with the name of the company. It will not always be possible to find one - most likely, the option that comes to mind will be taken. In this case, it is worth approaching the task of registering a domain “from the other end”: analyzing the main area of activity. For example, if the project is dedicated to sports news, then the address may contain an indication of the topic - sports, news, and not just the name.

If a company is just getting started and does not plan to promote its website on the Internet, but is considering this option for the future, it is better to register the name in advance. Renewing from year to year is really worth it little money, but in the future, when the time comes to create your own website, you won’t have to worry that all the suitable addresses have already been occupied by more efficient people.

By the way, in history similar examples a la “didn’t have time” completely! The same McDonald's and Microsoft. By the way, some people make a serious business out of this - they register successful names and then sell them for decent money.

Hosting: which one?

Having understood what a domain and hosting are, you can start choosing optimal option for yourself. If everything is relatively simple with the name - the features are discussed above - then you will have to work hard to choose a site for placing files. There are many offers on the market, some companies are based abroad, others in our country. The cost of services varies quite a lot. How to choose something for yourself? Experts assure that it is not too difficult, you just need to approach the process thoroughly.

In particular, for a start-up company, as professionals convince, shared hosting is the best option. If at some point its capacity is not enough, you can always organize a hosting transfer; there are no problems with this; there are special tools that form a package from files that another provider can read. On average, shared hosting costs 100-600 rubles for one month of use, the specific cost is determined by the settings, capacity provided, and the financial policy of the enterprise.

When is it suitable?

Having understood what a domain and hosting are, it is also necessary to predict the scale of the project and the possibilities of the business, if it is supposed to be conducted through a virtual representative office. In particular, the proposed shared hosting option is good if the page’s monthly traffic varies within three thousand users.

Preferred scripts and settings (depending on tariff plan) determine how many users the hosting can support. If the boundary is violated, the project will hang. You need to remember: not only users will notice this, but also search engines.

Despite serious restrictions on traffic, shared hosting has a number of important advantages, and the first place is rightfully given to the availability of this option. You need to realize that domain renewal, regular payments to the provider for space to host site files - all this costs money. If a business that needs to recoup the costs of a website is still poorly promoted, you should not settle for the most expensive options. When the flow of visitors increases, it will be possible to expand the possibilities.

To sum it up

Shared hosting is good for basic level, budding entrepreneurs. To use such a service, no special skills or knowledge of administration are required, everything will be handled by the provider. A simple control panel, the ability to access it at any time and from anywhere in the world where there is Internet access are the undoubted advantages of this option. The provider will help with initial setup, will support the project in the future.

More business - more opportunities

You need to enter into an agreement with a hosting provider after selecting and checking a domain. If the initial test of capabilities shows that the minimum tariff plan is not enough, it makes sense to consider options for expanding resources. Many modern providers are ready to offer improvements to the basic tariffs. This mainly concerns greater technical capabilities, that is, the project will better cope with the average daily load.

Such an improvement is necessary if the resource is becoming increasingly popular. Please note: it is necessary to constantly monitor the number of visits in order to increase technical capabilities not at the moment when users are already having problems, but in advance.

One more good opportunity, which providers provide in addition to basic tariff- increase disk space. Thanks to this, the owner can simultaneously host several sites in the zone allocated to him and administer projects simultaneously. As a rule, such a “feature” is added for an adequate fee - it is cheaper than concluding a new contract.

Weaknesses

Shared hosting has not only positive parameters, but also certain disadvantages. The most significant is the daily download limit central processor. Once the set limit is reached, the provider blocks the site until the counter is updated.

VPS: the optimal choice

The abbreviation hides a virtual dedicated server. This is more expensive than the described option, but is powerful enough to satisfy the needs of most modern virtual pages. The price per month is from five to seven thousand rubles, the specific amount is determined by the capabilities to which the provider provides access. The values will depend on both the processor power and the amount of memory (retention, RAM).

It is recommended to subscribe to such a tariff plan only for an already well-established business, an enterprise that is characterized by a stable flow of clientele, in a situation where the provider’s most high-tech offers seem too expensive. Mostly VPS is chosen by news sites, other media, as well as popular online stores.

A company can open several websites at the same time; hosting supports multiple domain names and allows you to work with different databases at the same time, by email. It will be possible to install advanced applications, libraries and other improvements that will help administer projects more efficiently.

Are there any weaknesses?

Of course, VPS seems good option, but it has certain disadvantages. For example, you will have to fork out for a professional system administrator(unless, of course, the entrepreneur himself does not have all the necessary skills), since the provider is not responsible for technical aspects administration. You will have to configure everything yourself, and no one from the outside will be responsible for the functionality of the software.

The Internet has long become an integral part of life modern man, but for ordinary users many terms associated with it are unknown. A relevant topic is why domain names are needed and how to register them correctly. To register your website on the Internet, you need to go through several mandatory steps, among the first steps - domain name registration.

What is a domain and why is it needed?

Each person has his own first name, last name and patronymic, and websites also have a name, which is called a domain. On the Internet, computers perceive each other through IP, but people use their domain names to search for a site. When figuring out why a domain is needed, it is worth saying that it is domain registration that allows a digital address to be presented in the form of a human-readable set of letters, numbers and symbols. To make it easier to understand why a domain is needed on the network, let’s look at a clear example. A person uses a similar combination to access any website: "site_name.com", and the computer perceives and transmits it something like this 91.102.73.181 . It is clear that remembering the first option is much easier and more convenient, which explains the emergence of such a concept as a domain.

Another important detail in the topic - why a domain is needed for a site - concerns the domain zone, which is a prefix located after the individual name of the site. The most popular domains are: .com, .ru, .ua, etc. By it you can understand either the territorial affiliation (.ru - Russia, .ua - Ukraine) or the topic of the resource. Such prefixes are called first-level domains. If there is still a name before this ending, then this is already a second-level domain. There are third-level domains, as well as subdomains. It is also worth noting that all domains are unique and a user cannot take over a site name if someone else is already using it.

Now let's figure it out how to register a domain. This can be done both for free and for money:

- Paid registration using a registrar. The user receives the domain completely for his use. This option is considered the most convenient, but also the most expensive among all. To purchase a domain, you can use a popular registrar.

- Paid registration with hosting providers. This option is cheaper than the first. To obtain a domain, you must order a server from the provider according to the selected tariff plan. The downside is the inability to manage the domain yourself, so to make any changes you will have to contact the hoster.

Free registration. This option is for beginners, which allows you to get third-level domains. When using a second-level domain, you will have to take into account that it will belong to the registrar that offers the service.

It will be interesting to find out not only why a domain is needed, but also hosting. Hosting refers to the disk space used to host a website on a server. The site includes various images, texts and other information that requires space, and is sold by special hosting providers. The amount of allocated disk space depends on the selected tariff plan.

Today there are several types of hosting:

- Virtual. The most affordable option used by owners of medium and small resources.

- Virtual dedicated. A portion of disk space that is located on a remote server. In this case, the user will have fixed resources and an autonomous OS.

Dedicated. The server is completely transferred to the user, who can install the OS and software, as well as customize it to his own needs. This option is chosen for large-scale projects with increased requirements.

In conclusion, I would like to note that I use AIOP hosting to develop my project. How and why I do this

The Internet has long become an integral part of the life of a modern person, but for ordinary users many terms associated with it are unknown. A relevant topic is why domain names are needed and how to register them correctly. To register your website on the Internet, you need to go through several mandatory steps; among the first steps is registering a domain name.

What is a domain and why is it needed?

Each person has his own first name, last name and patronymic, and websites also have a name, which is called a domain. Computers perceive each other via IP, but people use their domain names to search for a site. When figuring out why a domain is needed, it is worth saying that it is domain registration that allows a digital address to be presented in the form of a human-readable set of letters, numbers and symbols. To make it easier to understand why a domain is needed on the network, let’s look at a clear example. In order to access any site, a person uses a similar combination: “site_name.com”, and the computer perceives and transmits it something like 194.100.255.101. It is clear that remembering the first option is much easier and more convenient, which explains the appearance of such a concept as a domain.

Now let's figure out how to register a domain. This can be done either for free or for:

Paid registration using a registrar. The user receives the domain completely for his use. This option is considered the most convenient, but also the most expensive among all. To purchase a domain, you can use the popular registrar Reg.ru.
Paid registration using hosting providers. This option is cheaper than the first. To obtain a domain, you must order a server from the provider according to the selected tariff plan. The downside is the inability to manage the domain yourself, so to make any changes you will have to contact the hoster.
Free registration. This option is for beginners, which allows you to get third-level domains. When using a second-level domain, you will have to take into account that it will belong to the registrar that offers the service.

It will be interesting to know not only why you need a domain, but also hosting. Hosting refers to the disk space used to host a website on a server. The site includes various images, texts and other information that requires space, and is sold by special hosting providers. The amount of allocated disk space depends on the selected tariff plan. Today there are several types of hosting:

Virtual. The most affordable option used by owners of medium and small resources.
Virtual dedicated. A portion of disk space that is located on a remote server. In this case, the user will have fixed resources and an autonomous OS.
Dedicated. The server is completely transferred to the user, who can install the OS and software, as well as customize it to his own needs. This option is chosen for large-scale projects with increased requirements.

Hello, dear readers of the Anatomy of Business project! Webmaster Alexander is with you. This is the first article in a series on creating websites with WordPress. If you are asking why you need a website, then to get the answer to this question, I advise you to read my article. In it I gave an example of a site that brings its owners an income of 100,000 rubles. per month. This is exactly what is on initial stage and motivated me to open my own website.

When I decided to launch my own website, it turned out that most of the literature on this topic was aimed at programmers and was written in a specific language - very difficult for ordinary readers not familiar with programming. Considering that I have a historical education and a humanitarian mindset, I found it difficult to perceive what was written there. So I decided to create my own guide in which I will explain in simple language, how to create your own website without any special technical knowledge.

Domain and hosting. What is it?

The first step in creating a website is registering a domain and renting hosting. Let's find out what it is, speaking in simple and understandable language.

Domain – this is the name of your site. Each site - just like a person - has its own name, by which this site can be found on the Internet. The difference from human names is that people can have the same names, that is, there may be several people with the same name, but the names of sites are unique, in other words, if our site has a name, then another there is no site with the same name as ours. For example, the name of the site where you are reading this article is . By typing this address into your web browser, you will be redirected to home page website:

Searching for a site by its name is carried out using the general domain name registry.

Hosting – this is essentially the computer on which your website is located. If desired, hosting can be done even from your home computer. But since the site must be available constantly, at any time of the day or night, the computer on which it is located must work around the clock. Therefore, if you place your site on home computer, you will have to keep it turned on all the time. For this reason, for hosting it is better to use computers that are not at your home, but are located in a specially equipped room and belong to the provider. Such computers are given to you for rent. If you need to do something on such a computer, you can connect to it remotely.

Stage 1. Renting hosting on

We are already close to registering a domain name for our website and completing documents for renting hosting. Now let's look step by step what needs to be done.

2) Press the button Apply now.

3) Click the link Shared hosting.

4) Fill in the following fields:

5) For now we are only interested in the control panel. Go to the TimeWeb main page and go to your personal account.

6) In your personal account, go to the section Finance.

7) On the list Hosting services select an item 1,300 rub. (9% discount). In the section Select payment method select one of the proposed payment transfer systems. Personally, I use WebMoney. If you don't have electronic wallet, You can pay by bank card or use a Sberbank receipt.

Stage 2. Domain registration via

8) Go to the section Domains and subdomains. Press the button Register a new domain.

9) We check whether the desired domain is free, that is, whether a site with the same name as we want to give to our site already exists somewhere on the Internet. If the domain is free, that is, no one has used such a name yet, we send it for registration. To do this, press the button Add to registration.

10) We add a user to whom we will give administrator rights. To do this, click the link Add administrator.

11) A window will open where you will need to enter the personal data of the person who will receive administrator rights. IN in this case it will be you yourself. Indicate only your real data, because this information goes into a single database of domain names and it is from this that ownership of the domain is formed. When you have entered all necessary information about the user, click the button Create.

12) After you have entered information about the administrator, click the button Register domains and make payment.

So, today we took the first (and most important) step in creating our own website: registered a domain and paid for hosting. Now you need to wait a little for the so-called domain delegation to take place. As a rule, this procedure takes from four hours to a day. During this time, the domain will be entered into a single database, and after that a user from anywhere in the world will be able to access our website.

If something is not clear, ask questions in the article below this article. As an addition, I recommend watching this video:

How do they pay? transport tax in the Rostov region?

Once upon a time I wondered what a domain and hosting were. Now these words cause me absolutely no misunderstanding. After all, you hardly think for more than a second when you hear the word “chair” or “table.” They are always heard, and you don’t need to be a special genius to know their meanings. I will try to make sure that after reading this article, you can also easily perceive words such as “hosting” and “domain”. Agree, it’s nice to know something that many others have not even heard of.

For example, I have such funny situations when, while communicating with my friends, I say these words casually, without even thinking about the fact that they might not understand me, and only after I see the five-kopeck eyes of my friends, I understand that I need to stop and explain what we are actually talking about. Okay, that's enough unnecessary words- to the point! Let's start with hosting.

What is hosting

At first glance, the word “hosting” may seem more than strange, but this is only at first. Within a few minutes you will clearly understand its meaning. So, hosting is a service for hosting website files on a web server. A little complicated, isn't it? Let's simplify. Hosting is the placement of your website on a computer connected to the Internet. So, I think it will be clear to everyone. Surely you have a computer? On it you store various files and folders, use them, open them, view them, and so on. The same thing applies to the website. It, just like any program, consists of files and folders that are stored on the hard drive.

Now let's figure out what the processor and RAM are for. Remember what you pay attention to first of all when buying or downloading a particular game? Of course on system requirements. And if your computer is not suitable for them, then the game will either freeze, or you will have to disable a number of settings, lower the graphics quality, and so on. Is this a familiar situation? I think many have encountered it at some point. Server power also directly affects the speed of the site. The more RAM And more powerful processor, the better. If the allocated resources for the site are not enough, it will open slowly, and sometimes even stop working for a while. Such situations are disastrous for the site, try to avoid them. Of course, if interruptions in the operation of the site are infrequent and short, then, one might say, there is nothing terrible in this, but if they are repeated often and long time, then be sure to change the hoster (the company that provides hosting services).

Remember, the site must work stably and quickly. These are some of the main points you should pay attention to when choosing hosting. Naturally, it is impossible to understand this right away, since the site can work flawlessly for a day or even a week, and only then problems may begin. There are certain tricks and approaches with which you can choose a good hosting without overpaying a penny. I will definitely talk about this in future articles, so subscribe to so you don’t miss out. The only thing I wanted to say was hosting is not a service worth saving on through thick and thin. Need to find golden mean, as, in fact, everywhere. Do not under any circumstances be fooled by imaginary savings from using free hosting. Only at first glance it may seem that this is absolutely the same service as the paid one, but in fact this is not the case. Although, if you don’t believe me, you can see for yourself.

I personally use hosting from Inferno Solutions. For 5-10 dollars a month you can rent your own VPS there. About what it is and how it differs from the usual one virtual hosting, will be discussed in the following articles.

I really like to draw parallels with real life, discussing topics related to the Internet. Today's post will be no exception. What can hosting compare to? What do you think? Naturally with the house in which your site lives. The more spacious and modern the home, the better he will feel there.

What is a domain?

So we've sorted out the house, but what about the address? After all, the site must somehow be found by users of the World Wide Web. That's why he needs a domain. We won’t go into details, but let’s just say: domain name- this is the address of the website on the Internet. For example, the address of my blog is wp, the address of the Yandex search engine is yandex.ru, social network Vkontakte - vk.com, and so on.

As you probably noticed, the addresses I gave have different endings (su, ru and com) - these are domain zones. They are global and geographical. For example, the domain zones ru and рф are assigned to Russia, su to the countries of the former USSR, ua to Ukraine, us to the USA, and so on. The com domain zone is intended for commercial organizations, biz for business structures, net for providers and telecommunications organizations, info for information publications, name for personal websites, etc. On at the moment many domain zones do not have any special restrictions and are available for registration to absolutely everyone. For example, if you own a company in Russia, you can register a domain in the ru, рф and su zones, as well as in com, biz or net. At least, no sanctions will definitely follow for this.

In addition, domains are also divided into levels. Domain zones, which we have already discussed above, are first-level (top) level domains; they are not available for free registration. Most often, organizations and individuals use second level domains. As an example, I will again give the address of my wp blog. There are also third-level domains (subdomains) and lower. Any owner of a second-level domain can create them absolutely free of charge. For example, if I want to create a website about cats, I can allocate a third-level domain kot.wp specifically for it. But, you must admit, it sounds and looks somehow not very nice. I still believe that every site should have a second-level domain, no lower, but there are exceptions. After all, in fact, all owners of LiveJournal blogs have third-level domains like domen.livejournal.com, and there’s nothing wrong with that.

Again, returning to the analogy with real life, you need to understand that the address for a website is much more important than the address for an apartment or house. I think it doesn't matter so much to you what address you live at. But the site should still have a memorable or at least appropriate address for the topic. It is, of course, not necessary to comply with these conditions, but it is still advisable. For example, the same search engine Yandex has a very memorable address yandex.ru, which is now directly associated with searching for information on the Internet, but when this word was first coined, it is unlikely that everyone could guess what it meant. As you can see, The more harmonious the domain, the better.

I hope this article has opened the curtain for you on such concepts as domain and hosting. We will return to them more than once. Be sure to look forward to the continuation.