How to make a walkie-talkie. DIY walkie-talkie: simple models and diagrams. Instructions and tips for implementing reliable functional devices

Modern cell phones can be used far beyond their intended purpose – making calls. Due to pre-installed on devices operating system It became possible to expand the list of gadget capabilities almost indefinitely. This way you can even turn your cell phone into a full-fledged walkie-talkie.

How to turn your phone into a walkie-talkie?

In order for the radio on your phone to work, you will need an Internet connection. What’s good is that a normal radio is quite enough for the radio to work. mobile internet, operating on 2G technology.

First, you need to download the radio to your phone. One of the most common walkie-talkie applications for modern cell phones is Zello. You can download and install Zello directly via Google Play Market.

Next, when the program is installed on your phone, you can begin registration. It takes just a few minutes. You need to come up with a nickname, which will also be your login to enter the program, and a password. If you wish, you can specify a telephone number, address email and other information about yourself. It will be recorded in the application profile.

Communicate via walkie talkie Zello possible with everyone who also has mobile devices or installed on your computer this application. Moreover, you can communicate with interlocutors both through general channels, and directly or in closed channels.

Why and who might need a walkie-talkie on a cell phone?

A striking example of the use of a walkie-talkie on cell phone– communication through a password-protected channel between members of the same team in search game. Zello is also suitable for maintaining communication within a tourist group in case the group has to split up on a trip. 2G Internet works in most suburban areas, which allows you to easily connect to the radio and transmit messages. To send a message via walkie-talkie, you need to hold down the round button on the display and speak. As soon as the button is released, the message will begin to be broadcast.

It is worth considering that, despite the convenience and ease of use of the walkie-talkie application, it cannot act as the main communication channel. The fact is that the work of the walkie-talkie application, and even more so its work coupled with connection to mobile network data transfer quickly drains the phone's battery. Therefore, if communication via walkie-talkie is required constantly for long periods of time, and there is no possibility of constantly recharging the battery, it will be easier to use a regular walkie-talkie configured for general frequency all participants in the communication.

You will need

• Transistor P416
• Variable resistor 47 kOhm
• Resistor 10 kOhm
• 2 capacitors 0.022 mF
• Capacitor 0.033 mF
• Capacitor 4700 pF
• Capacitor 100 pF
• 33 pF capacitor
• 51 pF capacitor
• 2 tuning capacitors 4-15 pF
• Throttle (L2) 20-60 µG
• Carbon microphone
• High impedance phones (headphones)
• Telescopic antenna
• 40 cm of copper wire with a cross section of 0.5 mm
• 9-12 V battery
• Switch (SA1) - 2 positions for 2 groups of contacts (double toggle switch possible)
• A piece of getinax or textolite for the mounting panel
• Mounting wire
• Power switch (not shown in diagram)
• Toy radio transmitter
• Tools
• Soldering iron
• Wire cutters
• Pliers
• Tweezers
• Drill
• Drills

Instructions

Assemble the parts according to the diagram. Set coil L1 to the range 27-30 MHz. Its winding data is as follows: 11 turns of a 0.5 mm drive are wound on a blank with a diameter of 10 mm. Accurate adjustment to the range is carried out by trimming capacitors C1 (receive mode) and C2 (mode), taking into account the fact that SA1 is in receive mode in the circuit. Adjustment by control receiver (for example, children's radio intercom). This is easiest in transfer mode. Having switched the switch to receive mode, achieve a loud hissing sound by adjusting the mode with a variable resistor.

Without touching coil L1, use tuning capacitor C1 to achieve stable reception of the signal from the control transmitter (the same radio intercom). If you do walkie-talkie Instead of the damaged one, configure it according to the existing one.

The design of the housing can be anything, it depends on the dimensions of the parts. If the housing is metal, then the antenna must be protected from contact with the housing by a reliable insulator. Plexiglas can be used as an insulator.

Please note

Part numbers are indicated on the diagram

It is advisable to collect 2 similar radios at once.

Sometimes, for reliable operation of a radio station, it is necessary to select a transistor by replacing it.

Useful advice

Instead of a telescopic antenna, you can use a piece of rigid copper wire or copper tubing. The length of the wire or tube is 0.5 m.

The radio is mounted on a board made of dielectric material. It can be either printed or mounted. It is possible to use volumetric installation.

The radio is configured with the antenna connected and fully extended. During setup and operation of the radio, do not touch the antenna with your hands.

The circuit uses a high-frequency p-n-p transistor, but it can be replaced with any other low-power high-frequency transistor, including n-p-n structures, for example KT315. In this case, it is necessary to reverse the polarity of the power supply.

Walkie-talkies are widely used by tourists, hunters, fishermen, athletes, security companies, construction workers, etc. The market offers an almost unlimited selection of walkie-talkies and radio stations, from the cheapest models to expensive complexes. Therefore, it is very difficult to choose the right radio that is right for you.

You will need

• Computer with Internet access

Instructions

If you are buying a walkie-talkie for hunting or fishing to keep with your friends, we advise you to choose a model with moisture protection. And for hunters, shockproof is also suitable.

Professional walkie-talkies are designed for everyday, and often around-the-clock use. They are distinguished by stability and reliability. These radios are made of high-strength plastic with an aluminum frame. The vast majority of professional models meet the high standard set by NATO.

These radios are used by the military, security companies and construction workers. If you are not just a lover of walking in the mountains, but a climber, we advise you to stop yours at a professional radio station. The funds spent will ensure your safety in any situation.

Next, define frequency range in which the device will operate. If you are purchasing a walkie-talkie to communicate with friends, you need to make sure that the operating frequencies of your walkie-talkies match. Otherwise, you simply won't hear each other.

There are three types of frequency ranges for modern amateur radios that do not require licensing: 433 - 434 MHz (LPD radios), 462 - 467 MHz (FRS/GMRS) and 446 MHz (PMR).

Professional walkie-talkies are often equipped for a specific frequency. They can operate in other ranges that require a special license. In addition, professional walkie-talkies allow users to create trunk networks - networks in which people are divided into groups and do not interfere with each other's conversations.

When you have already decided on technical characteristics your future walkie-talkie, start choosing a design. There is a wide variety of models with stylish designs on the market - this is especially true for amateur radios.

Hunters and fishermen usually opt for models with protective colors. Tourists usually buy walkie-talkies in bright cases. Professional walkie-talkies are most often black.

Please note

When choosing a walkie-talkie, pay attention to the frequency in which your walkie-talkie and the devices of friends with whom you plan to communicate operate.

Useful advice

It will also be very interesting for hunters to know that walkie-talkies were created especially for them, the call of which imitates the cries of animals and the singing of birds. The main thing is that the cry does not turn out to be the roar of a bear during the mating season - it will not be very pleasant.

Sources:

• Active recreation and extreme sports

If you purchased a radio station or walkie-talkie, you need to register it anyway. Registration not allowed individuals and on the organization of radios operating on the 462 MHz frequency used by special services. Obtaining permission for equipment operating on the amateur bands is usually not difficult.

Instructions

Legal entities are required to enter into a contract with the radio frequency center to measure the parameters of the radio station and fill out a package: - an application for the purchase of the radio station;
- application for measurements of radio station parameters;
- a copy of the appointment of the responsible person;
- a copy of the certificate in the Unified Register;
- agreement with the radio frequency center;
- application for a certificate.

If you or your organization intend to purchase a specialized radio station for operating purposes, for example, a marine or river one, then you must obtain permission to work with radio transmitting devices and a ship or vessel license.

Video on the topic

Sources:

• Which walkie-talkies do not require permission in 2019

Car radios are an excellent way to communicate between vehicles. These devices are very relevant for truckers, drivers of passenger transport and for other car owners who often travel along the highway. They help not only to warn other road users that they are approaching a traffic police patrol, but also to help the driver call for help if necessary.

Instructions

Buy a car. If your car has a niche for installing it, you can easily put it there. If there is no such place, then it can be installed in absolutely any place. At the same time, it must be easily accessible and have excellent ventilation to prevent overheating of the device.

Determine the most convenient place in your opinion for mounting the car and mark the holes there for installing the mounting bracket. It comes complete with the device. Don't forget to consider protecting your radio from theft. It may have a removable slide or be built into the front panel.

Drill holes for fasteners. Before you start drilling, make sure you are not touching the vehicle's electrical wiring. Restoring it after damage is not always easy.

Determine the power supply voltage required for your car radio. If the radio is connected incorrectly to the power source, the output power devices. Best walkie-talkie To battery, namely, to its terminals (plus and minus).

Select the correct location for installing the antenna after installing the car radio inside the car. Ideally, you can place the antenna on the roof in the center of the cabin itself. Connect the cable to the antenna and walkie-talkie.

Leave the setup of the equipment to professionals.

Portable walkie-talkies are indispensable on a camping trip, at a sports competition - wherever independence from networks is required cellular communications. Like phones, many are powered by batteries that need to be recharged periodically.

Instructions

If the batteries you purchase are lithium-ion, lithium-polymer, lithium-iron or similar batteries containing lithium in any form, use only factory-made devices to charge them. Chargers are also suitable for lead, nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries.

Using a charger, charge one battery or set first, then the other. When charging, follow the battery manufacturer's recommendations regarding charging current and operating time.

Using a special device consisting of a voltmeter and a load, identify worn elements in the kit. Replace only them, not the entire set. But if the batteries are lithium, and the entire set is placed in a single housing, replace it entirely when worn out.

Some radios are equipped with special charging stands. They are similar to the bases on which DECT-tubes are installed, however, unlike, they do not contain anything other than a charger. Some of them allow simultaneous batteries in two identical walkie-talkies. Leave charging stations in such devices overnight when they are not in use anyway. Never place the radio in the charging cradle if it contains regular alkaline batteries instead of batteries.

Video on the topic

Please note

When using the radio for critical purposes, it is recommended to have a set of fresh batteries ready, even when using batteries.

The antenna is an essential attribute walkie-talkies. But its signal is not enough to perform the necessary operations, for example, in difficult geographical conditions. In this case antenna increase on their own.

You will need

• - parts for creating a walkie-talkie;
• - wire 0.5 mm thick.

Instructions

Find assembly instructions online walkie-talkies. Choose among them the one that would meet your needs. Assemble the body walkie-talkies. For L1 coil, use a range setting of 27-30 MHz. This is exactly 11 turns of wire 0.5 millimeters thick when using a blank with a diameter of 10 millimeters.

If precise adjustment of the range is necessary, use tuning capacitors C1 when receiving data and C2, respectively, when transmitting data. However, please note that you also need to consider the reception mode of the SA1 switch. Adjust the range using a special factory-made control receiver. If you want to make things easier for yourself, get some headphones, they will make setup much faster.

Perform the setup in transmit mode, pre-setting the switches to produce a loud hiss from the headphone speakers. Achieve a constant, stable signal from the control transmitter you are using, but note that you must not touch the L1 coil. Proceed with the help of a special construction capacitor C1. After you achieve the desired results, proceed to securing the structure with fasteners.

Walkie-talkies are widely used in different areas of life. So, they can serve as a baby monitor in cases where there is not enough money for a special device for communicating with a child.

You can use a walkie-talkie for security guards or tourism enthusiasts to communicate with companions, but it is not at all necessary to set aside a tidy sum to purchase this equipment, because you can create a walkie-talkie with your own hands at home. In addition to receiving final product, this is a very interesting and fun activity.

So, what do you need to make a walkie-talkie?

To create a walkie-talkie you will need the following items:

• 4 MP-42 transistors and 3 P416B transistors;
• Resistors. You will need a lot of them: two pieces each. 3K, 160K, 4.7K, one each – 22K, 36K, 100K, 120K, 270K, and six pcs. 6.8 K;
• Capacitors: two 10 MK 10 V, 3300, 1000, 100, 6, 5-20, 22, 10 and one 5 MK 10 V – 4; 0, 0, 47 MK.
• Telescopic antenna;
• Microphones and speakers;
• PCB boards - 2 pcs.
• Soldering iron;
• Socket;
• Wire cutters.

Almost all of the above is included in the special kit for radio amateurs JC986A. The further algorithm will be based on this set.

It is worth considering that creating your own walkie-talkie requires skills in working with a soldering iron and knowledge of how to determine the values ​​of the elements.

Algorithm for creating a 50 MHz walkie-talkie

If you purchased a ready-made kit for creating a walkie-talkie with your own hands, you will need the following diagram. The names of the elements must be indicated on your board and diagram attached to the device for making a simple walkie-talkie.

First, start installing resistors and forming the electrodes of this element. Using a soldering iron, the resistor must be soldered to the board, and the protruding electrodes must be cut off with wire cutters. Carefully and carefully install all components, relying on the drawn outline on the board.

Start soldering the extension coil L 1, and then the capacitors. The next step is to solder the electrolytic capacitors. Since they have a certain polarity, it is necessary to correctly fit the negative electrode into the board.

Using a soldering iron, attach the contour coil T 1 and the housing of the switching element S 1. Proceed to soldering the transistors, relying on the contour drawn on the board. You need to solder the cut parts of the electrodes remaining from step 1 to the board. Do this so that jumpers J 1 are formed.

Now you can check the quality of the work performed. If necessary, wipe the board with an alcohol solution, and later install the on/off button. Attach ready-made board to the body using self-tapping screws.

Now you can install one of the main elements of the walkie-talkie - the antenna. On top of it there should be a small plastic cap, on the other side you need to solder a conductor that will connect the antenna to the board. Using the remaining pieces from the conductors, attach the S 2 switch to the board and check its functionality.

Place the terminals in the battery compartment. Now you need to solder the conductors responsible for the speaker and power supply system. If you have no doubt that you did everything correctly, connect a battery to the mechanism and check it. The finished device should make a hissing sound.

Assemble the second radio in the same way as the first. To ensure that the devices operate with the same cleanliness, remove one board from the fastener. We hope that this detailed instructions to create a walkie-talkie with your own hands helped you understand the creation of this mechanism.

Debugging a homemade walkie-talkie

Even if you carefully followed the specified algorithm, the equipment may not work properly. In order to get the mechanism working, use a variable resistor and wait maximum volume radio hiss.

Using a tuning core, change the inductance level until the signal is correct. After this, do not forget to return the original resistor and adjust its resistance.

If your voice emitted by the second walkie-talkie is severely distorted, select other resistors and start creating a wave meter, the diagram of which you can find on the Internet along with photos of homemade walkie-talkies. By the way, you need to check the quality of communication at a distance of 5, then 10 and 20 meters; it is better to do this in an open space.

We described step-by-step algorithm how you can make a walkie-talkie with your own hands. It should help you create your own mechanism to ensure communication with family or friends during a hike, tourism, fishing or contact with a child.

Remember to take precautions when operating this equipment to avoid the risk of injury such as burns or electric shock.

Photos of walkie-talkies with your own hands

How to make a walkie-talkie?

Many people have walkie-talkies. You can buy them in a store, however, the operation of such walkie-talkies is often hampered by ground obstacles. But you can independently assemble a stationary walkie-talkie with low power and an increased range. Let's look at how to make a walkie-talkie with your own hands. For this you will need:

• Resistors - variable 47 kOhm and 10 kOhm
• Transistor P416
• Capacitor 0.022 mF (2 pcs.)
• Capacitors 4700 pF, 0.033 mF, 100 pF, 33 pF, 51 pF
• Trimmer capacitor 4-15 pF (2 pcs.)
• Throttle (L2) 20-60µG
• Telephone
• Telescopic antenna
• Carbon microphone
• Copper wire, cross-section 0.5 mm (40 cm)
• Battery (9-12 V)
• Switch SA1
• Piece of getinax
• Power switch
• Textolite for mounting panel
• Aluminum sheet
• Mounting wire
• Wire cutters
• Soldering iron
• Soldering Accessories
• Pliers
• Drills
• Drill
• Tweezers

Manufacturing process

First you need to make a U-shaped chassis from aluminum sheet. Controls will need to be placed on it. In this case, the power supply should be taken ready-made from a radio, radio or TV. It should give a constant anode voltage of 150-250V, as well as a filament voltage of 6.3V. Then, in accordance with the transceiver circuit, you need to assemble the walkie-talkie:

The transceiver circuit coil must be made of copper wire with a diameter of 1 mm. You need to take a bare wire, or even better, a silver-plated one. It should be wound on a rod having a diameter of 12 mm. The coil should contain 4 turns with a tap in the middle. In this case, the communication coil with the antenna is located on top of the circuit coil and contains 1-2 turns of the same wire. The chokes should be wound around resistance BC-0.25. They must contain 0.5 m of PEL-0.15 wire.

As for the tuning capacitor C, it can be taken with a ceramic dielectric, however, it is better if it has an air dielectric with one movable plate or two fixed plates. Transformer Tr1 should be taken from a TV or tube receiver. It should be noted that the high-resistance winding of the same transformer is used as a choke Dr6. If you are thinking about how to make a walkie-talkie from a telephone, and decide to use low-impedance telephone speakers, then you need to include them in the low-impedance winding of this transformer. You should also note that if you want to use a telephone in the circuit, it cannot be used as a walkie-talkie. But it’s worth taking a carbon microphone from it. Biscuit switches are well suited as a “Receive-Transmit” switch.

Antenna

The next stage is creating and configuring the antenna. Let's look at how to make an antenna for a walkie-talkie. So, after the radio body is assembled, you will need to make exactly 11 turns of wire with a thickness of 0.5 mm for the L1 coil. This uses a range setting of 27-30 MHz. If precise adjustment of the range is needed, then it is necessary to use tuning capacitors C1 when receiving data, as well as C2 when transmitting data. In addition, the reception mode of switch SA1 should be taken into account. The range should be adjusted using a factory-made control receiver. You can simplify this task by taking out your headphones, so the setup will be much faster.

Transmitter setup

Having figured out how to make a walkie-talkie, let's move on to next stage- performing settings in transfer mode. It is necessary to pre-set the position of the switches in order to get loud hiss in the headphone speakers. It is necessary to obtain a constant, stable signal from the control transmitter used. Please note that you must not touch coil L1. You should use the building capacitor C1. When the carrier frequency signal matches the tuning frequency, super noise should completely disappear. When switching to transmission in the control radio, the sound from the microphone should be clearly audible. When desired results will be achieved, it will be necessary to move on to securing the structure with special fasteners.

We attach the communication coil and antenna

Using homemade antenna, you should provide for the antenna power in advance, because its further increase can harm the device or simply ruin it. It should be noted that the position of the communication coil with the antenna must be selected in such a way that the power during signal transmission is maximum and reception is stable. Moreover, a tuned pocket radio station can be used as a control transmitter and receiver. Wave meter circuit for setup oscillatory circuits The transmitter and receiver can be seen here:

It should be noted that a number of radio frequency ranges in Russia are reserved for military needs, therefore the operation of amateur radio devices in these radio frequency ranges is prohibited.

Also, over time, you can carry out some modernization of your walkie-talkie. For example, it wouldn’t hurt to install a battery in it and charger for him. It will also be possible to add cooling radiators for transistors and make an output for connecting external microphone, headphones and external antenna. With such additions, no store radio can compare with yours!

This circuit of a shortwave radio station contains only three transistors. The simplest walkie talkie for beginner radio amateurs. The design was taken from an old magazine, but it has not lost a bit of its relevance. The only thing that is outdated is the radio components, which need to be replaced with modern analogues, as a result the characteristics of the radio intercom will improve.

Radio station diagram

Radio parts

Antenna design

My modernization

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