Television antennas for DVB-T2, a selection of recommended antennas. How to make a decimeter antenna with your own hands

• do not use the one bought when your grandfather went to first grade;
• don't buy the cheapest one with virtually no braid. Choose normal ones;
• do not shorten as much as possible;
• do not make sharp creases;
• Do not roll the excess into a coil.

Even if you connect the pieces with a standard coaxial connector, the signal quality is guaranteed to deteriorate.

Using the amplifier

This inexpensive antenna for the garden gives good results. If you plan to receive only with this antenna, then its two long side “whiskers” can be unscrewed.

Wave channel

They give good results, especially for remote signal reception when it is quite weak.

Polish

Many TV viewers use the “Polish” antenna - a grid and four rows of antennae. It doesn’t matter where it was made, they used to call it “Polish”, and sometimes “mesh”. Very often she demonstrates not the best best characteristics for reception digital signal.

In general, for reception at the dacha , very sensitive too. If the reception of the digital signal on it in your area turns out to be normal, then you are just lucky. The amplifier of this antenna can operate from a 5 Volt power supply, which can be taken from digital tuner, and then you do not need to use an additional power supply.

Zigzag

indoor antenna shows good results for . Even if you paid dearly for it, the result may be zero.

If you only want an indoor antenna as an on-air antenna for your dacha, you may be “advised” to buy it more expensive and “better”. But if you hope that she will start giving you a wonderful signal in your room, then this hope is in vain. If in the house bad signal, no antenna will help. External - this is the solution to the problem if there is no reception in the room.

Satellite

Remember? We're talking about ethereal, so forget about satellites. You won't be through satellite tuner receive terrestrial television in the DVB-T2 standard. You will not connect the T2 tuner to the . We receive the T2 signal from the nearest broadcast tower in the UHF range. To normal terrestrial antenna for the dacha, not a “plate”.

Digital television is broadcast in the UHF range. Therefore, you can use almost any UHF antenna. But I needed simple, easily repeatable and strong UHF antenna range.
Such that you could carry it with you, and on occasion you wouldn’t mind giving it to people for a small amount.

The basis was taken from the famous “ eight“, with the difference that I used it without a reflector.
The material for the antenna sheet can be any conductive material of suitable cross-section. It can be copper or aluminum wire with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, a tube, strip, busbar, corner, profile... I took copper wire with a diameter of 3 mm. Easy to solder, easy to bend during assembly, easy to straighten if bent.
The outer side of the square is 14 cm, the inner side is slightly smaller - 13 cm due to the fact that the middle of the two squares does not converge, about 2 cm from corner to corner.

So, if you are not making an antenna from wire, then measure it this way - the top sides are 14 cm, the sides are 13.

All sizes are approximate. Don't be afraid to get shortchanged or make mistakes. Our plans do not include making an antenna that meets all standards. We need a simple but workhorse. A surrogate, but reliable. Surrogate because:
1 . Personally, I definitely couldn’t keep the sizes.
2 . There is no reflector.
3 . I took a 50 ohm cable instead of 75 ohm, but with a thick braid. Friends usually used this cable for car antennas for 27 MHz radio stations.
Nevertheless, the antenna works quite well.

A digital signal has a peculiarity; it either exists or it doesn’t. Upon admission analogue television, different channels were shown with different levels of interference, and when removed, the level of snow on the screen simply increased until the signal completely disappeared. In digital, the signal is almost the same on all channels and if there is reception, then there is all channels.
I have tested this antenna on more than a dozen TVs in our region.

So. We measure a piece with a total length of 112 cm and bend the wire. The first section is 13 cm + 1 cm for the loop (for strength). The second and third are 14 cm each, the fourth and heels are 13 cm each, the sixth and seventh are 14 cm each, and the last eighth is 13 cm + 1 cm stiffening loop.

We strip 1.5 - 2 cm at both ends, twist the two loops behind each other, and then solder the joint. This will be one cable connection pin. After 2 cm another. It doesn’t matter where to solder the central core or the braid.

Solder spacing 2 cm

I took about three meters of cable. In most cases, it’s enough if you don’t do it for yourself personally. For yourself, measure out as much as you need.

I stripped the cable from the antenna side by two centimeters, to the plug - 1 cm. If the plug is like in the photo. You can take any, stronger.

Stripping the cable

The plug was cleaned with a file and a scalpel.

After sealing, both soldering points are filled with glue from a gun. On the plug, first hot glue is poured into the soldering area and into the plastic cap, with a reserve; the excess can then be removed. Then, before the glue cools down, everything quickly comes together. You can’t gnaw such a joint with your teeth. Reliable, at the same time elastic.

The soldering on the antenna itself is also filled with glue, but for the rigidity of the structure, a frame is taken - any lid, box, .... I took the cap from a 20-liter water bottle, of which I had accumulated a sufficient amount. If you are making an antenna like me for mass production, then it is better to immediately use common materials that are literally lying under your feet for better repeatability of the antenna. If the antenna is made in a single copy for quick riveting, then you don’t have to fill anything at all.

The result is such a design that can be stuck anywhere - on a cornice, on a curtain, on a window frame. To do this, you can carry with you a piece of wire, a couple of screws, a couple of pins...

Antenna assembly

If the antenna is dented during transfer, it can be easily and without damage aligned. This is perhaps its main advantage.
I don’t always carry this design with me, but only when I receive a specific order for connecting a tuner digital television DVB-T2. It fits easily with the tool in my backpack.

It is more convenient to make several antennas at once. Takes less time.

This is how my friend fixed the antenna, using it as an outdoor one. The tower is about 9 km away. Reception is reliable despite the simplicity of the antenna.

). Thus, an antenna is a kind of transmitter (receiver). In this article we will understand what antenna is needed for receiving DVB-T2 signal.

Antenna types:

By type, antennas can be divided into indoor, outdoor and long-distance antennas. We are interested in antennas that capable receive standard signal DVB-T2. They can be divided into two groups: indoor and outdoor. In turn, they are divided into active and passive.

Digital signal terrestrial television DVB-T2 standard is transmitted in decimeter ( DMV) range. This range (UHF) is within 470–862 MHz. In Russia, these frequencies fill the channels from 21st to 69th television channel(TVK) inclusive.

We would like to immediately make a reservation that there are no special antennas for DVB-T2 reception, all these are ordinary decimeter antennas with or without a signal amplifier. Choose An antenna for DVB-T2 reception will not be difficult. There are two main criteria to consider here: distance to the transmitter and relief terrain. Two services will help us with this:

Next, we proceed directly to the selection of a DVB-T2 UHF antenna. If the terrain of your area is more or less flat and the distance to the transmitter is no more than ten kilometers, then the usual UHF antenna without amplifier. Although, if the price difference is not big, then we recommend purchasing active antenna(with an amplifier), because you can always turn it off.

Indoor DVB-T2 antennas:

As an example of a passive indoor DVB-T2 antenna, let's take the Sirius 2.0 antenna, manufactured by REMO. You can read it on our website.

As an example of an active indoor DVB-T2 antenna, let’s take the “MINI DIGITAL” antenna, from the same manufacturer “REMO”. You can also find it on our website.

Outdoor DVB-T2 antennas:

Outdoor antennas are also classified into active and passive. They must be used when the distance from the transmitter is more than 10 kilometers. It is recommended that these antennas be pointed accurately at the transmitting station.

As an example of an outdoor DVB-T2 antenna, let's take the SELENA MINI antenna, manufactured by REMO.

As an example of an outdoor active DVB-T2 antenna, let’s take an antenna made by REMO.

Outdoor DVB-T2 antennas for long-distance reception:

If the distance to the transmitting equipment is over 30 kilometers, then you will need highly directional antennas with increased sensitivity. These antennas can receive signals at a distance of up to 100 kilometers. Also do not forget that such antennas must be installed on an appropriate height.

As an example of an outdoor active DVB-T2 antenna for long-distance reception, let’s take an antenna made by REMO.

Despite the rapid development of satellite and cable television, the reception of terrestrial television broadcasts still remains relevant, for example, for places of seasonal residence. It is not at all necessary to buy a finished product for this purpose; a home UHF antenna can be assembled with your own hands. Before moving on to considering the designs, we will briefly explain why this particular range of the television signal was chosen.

Why DMV?

There are two good reasons to choose designs of this type:

1. The thing is that most channels are broadcast in this range, since the design of repeaters is simplified, and this makes it possible to install larger number unattended low-power transmitters and thereby expand the coverage area.
2. This range is selected for digital broadcasting.

Indoor TV antenna “Rhombus”

This simple, but at the same time, reliable design was one of the most common in the heyday of on-air television broadcasting.

As can be seen from the sketch (B Fig. 1), the device is a simplified version of the classic zigzag (Z-design). To increase sensitivity, it is recommended to equip it with capacitive inserts (“1” and “2”), as well as a reflector (“A” in Fig. 1). If the signal level is quite acceptable, this is not necessary.

The material you can use is aluminum, copper, and brass tubes or strips 10-15 mm wide. If you plan to install the structure outdoors, it is better to abandon aluminum, since it is susceptible to corrosion. Capacitive inserts are made of foil, tin or metal mesh. After installation, they are soldered along the circuit.

The cable is laid as shown in the figure, namely: it did not have sharp bends and did not leave the side insert.

UHF antenna with amplifier

In places where a powerful relay tower is not located in relative proximity, you can raise the signal level to an acceptable value using an amplifier. Below is circuit diagram device that can be used with almost any antenna.

List of elements:

• Resistors: R1 – 150 kOhm; R2 – 1 kOhm; R3 – 680 Ohm; R4 – 75 kOhm.
• Capacitors: C1 – 3.3 pF; C2 – 15 pF; C3 – 6800 pF; C4, C5, C6 – 100 pF.
• Transistors: VT1, VT2 – GT311D (can be replaced with: KT3101, KT3115 and KT3132).

Inductance: L1 – is a frameless coil with a diameter of 4 mm, wound with copper wire Ø 0.8 mm (2.5 turns must be made); L2 and L3 are high-frequency chokes 25 µH and 100 µH, respectively.

If the circuit is assembled correctly, we will get an amplifier with the following characteristics:

• bandwidth from 470 to 790 MHz;
• gain and noise factors – 30 and 3 dB, respectively;
• the value of the output and input resistance of the device corresponds to the RG6 cable - 75 Ohm;
• the device consumes about 12-14 mA.

Let us pay attention to the method of power supply; it is carried out directly through the cable.

This amplifier can work with the simplest designs made from improvised means.

Indoor antenna made from beer cans

Despite the unusual design, it is quite functional, since it is a classic dipole, especially since the dimensions of a standard can are perfect for the arms of a UHF vibrator. If the device is installed in a room, then in this case it is not even necessary to coordinate with the cable, provided that it is not longer than two meters.

Designations:

• A - two cans with a volume of 500 mg (if you take tin and not aluminum, you can solder the cable instead of using self-tapping screws).
• B – places where the cable shielding is attached.
• C – central vein.
• D – place of attachment of the central core
• E – cable coming from the TV.

The arms of this exotic dipole must be mounted on a holder made of any insulating material. As such, you can use improvised things, for example, a plastic clothes hanger, a mop bar or a piece of wooden beam of the appropriate size. The distance between the shoulders is from 1 to 8 cm (selected empirically).

The main advantages of the design are fast production (10 - 20 minutes) and quite acceptable picture quality, provided there is sufficient signal power.

Making an antenna from copper wire

There is a design that is much simpler than the previous version, which only requires a piece copper wire. We are talking about a framework loop antenna narrow range. This solution has undoubted advantages, since in addition to its main purpose, the device plays the role of a selective filter that reduces interference, which allows you to confidently receive a signal.

For this design, you need to calculate the length of the loop; to do this, you need to find out the frequency of the “digit” for your region. For example, in St. Petersburg it is broadcast on 586 and 666 MHz. The calculation formula will be as follows: L R = 300/f, where L R is the length of the loop (the result is presented in meters), and f is the average frequency range, for Peter this value will be 626 (the sum of 586 and 666 divided by 2). Now we calculate L R, 300/626 = 0.48, which means the length of the loop should be 48 centimeters.

If you take a thick RG-6 cable with braided foil, it can be used instead of copper wire to make a loop.

Now let's tell you how the structure is assembled:

• A piece of copper wire (or RG6 cable) with a length equal to L R is measured and cut.
• A loop of suitable diameter is folded, after which a cable leading to the receiver is soldered to its ends. If RG6 is used instead of copper wire, then the insulation from its ends is first removed, approximately 1-1.5 cm (the central core does not need to be cleaned, it is not involved in the process).
• The loop is installed on the stand.
• The F connector (plug) is screwed onto the cable to the receiver.

Note that despite the simplicity of the design, it is most effective for receiving “digits”, provided that the calculations are carried out correctly.

Do-it-yourself MV and UHF indoor antenna

If, in addition to UHF, there is a desire to receive MF, you can assemble a simple multiwave oven, its drawing with dimensions is presented below.

To amplify the signal in this design, a ready-made SWA 9 unit is used; if you have problems purchasing it, you can use homemade device, the diagram of which was given above (see Fig. 2).

It is important to maintain the angle between the petals; going beyond the specified range significantly affects the quality of the “picture”.

Despite the fact that such a device is much simpler than a log-periodic design with wave channel, however, it shows good results if the signal is of sufficient strength.

DIY figure eight antenna for digital TV

Let's consider another common design option for receiving “digits”. It is based on the classic scheme for the UHF range, which, because of its shape, is called “Figure Eight” or “Zigzag”.

Design dimensions:

• outer sides of the diamond (A) – 140 mm;
• internal sides (B) – 130 mm;
• distance to the reflector (C) – from 110 to 130 mm;
• width (D) – 300 mm;
• the pitch between the rods (E) is from 8 to 25 mm.

The cable connection location is at points 1 and 2. The material requirements are the same as for the “Rhombus” design, which was described at the beginning of the article.

Homemade antenna for DBT T2

Actually, all of the examples listed above are capable of receiving DBT T2, but for variety we will present a sketch of another design, popularly called “Butterfly”.

The material can be used as plates made of copper, brass, aluminum or duralumin. If the structure is planned to be installed outdoors, then the last two options are not suitable.

Bottom line: which option to choose?

Oddly enough, the simplest option is the most effective, so the “loop” is best suited for receiving a “digit” (Fig. 4). But, if you need to receive other channels in the UHF range, then it is better to stick with “Zigzag” (Fig. 6).

The antenna for the TV should be directed towards the nearest active repeater, in order to select the desired position, you should rotate the structure until the signal strength is satisfactory.

If, despite the presence of an amplifier and reflector, the quality of the “picture” leaves much to be desired, you can try installing the structure on a mast.

In this case, it is necessary to install lightning protection, but this is a topic for another article.

The time has come to install the TV cable. I plan to have a lot of TVs. The city is 40 km away. The broadcaster is even further away. The task is to provide televisions with stable reception of the DVB-T2 signal. I will use signal dividers, which will further weaken the signal received by the antenna. There is a need to use DVB-T2 antenna amplifier. Since the frequencies of both DVB-T2 packages are in the UHF range, I looked at a directional, passive UHF antenna with a gain of 14 dB.

A large distance to the translator and dividing the signal into several TVs will greatly weaken the signal, so you can’t do without a UHF antenna amplifier, also known as a DVB-T2 amplifier. Decided make an antenna amplifier for DVB-T2 with your own hands and see what comes of it.

Since standard signal dividers, including those that I purchased, do not pass electric current, powering the amplifier via cable will not work (or the power needs to be routed via cable to the divider).

Diagram of a two-stage low-noise antenna amplifier DVB-T2.

Gain from 30dB depending on the selected transistors. Amplifier power supply 12 volts.

I used transistors BFR193. They are very cheap and have good characteristics. High gain 50-200. High limit operating frequency up to 8000 MHz. SMD version. Possess low level own noise.

Can order BFR193 transistors in China, but ours were a little cheaper.

Ceramic capacitors. We make the conclusions of capacitors and resistors as short as possible. You can use SMD, I just made it from what was at hand.

Coil L1 is made from a piece of copper wire 3.5 cm long with a diameter of 0.8 mm. Its diameter is 4 mm and contains two and a half turns. I wound it on the smooth part of a 3.3mm drill (the coil itself will be about 4mm).

Making a DVB-T2 (UHF) antenna amplifier with your own hands.

The board can be made without etching by simply cutting out the pads. Let's look at the drawing.

We make the board from double-sided fiberglass. We connect the top and bottom layers with four pins and solder them.

I used a transformer power supply to reduce noise, with voltage stabilization at 12 volts. The amplifier consumes about 12mA.

Everything worked fine for me right away without any setup. The setting involves selecting resistors R1 and R3 so that the currents on the collectors of transistors VT1 and VT2 are 3.5 mA and 8 mA, respectively.

Conducted tests at work. In the depths of the room. Yard well. As an antenna, a piece of SHVVP wire. The result without an amplifier shows nothing at all. I connect the amplifier and, as they like to say in advertising, the result exceeded all my expectations, a stable picture without a hint of failure.

List of parts for a homemade DVB-T2 antenna amplifier (UHF).

• Transistors BFR193 - 2 pcs.().
  Capacitors 3.3pF, 10pF, 100pF - 2 pcs., 4700-6800pF.
  Resistors 75 KOhm, 150 KOhm, 1 KOhm, 680 Ohm.
  Choke 100-125 µH.
  Homemade coil L1 2.5 turns and 4 mm in diameter from copper wire 3.5 cm long and 0.8 mm in diameter.