Type f plug connectors. Electrical sockets and plugs

Adapter for English socket– the most necessary thing in England! Money, reservations, documents - it's all clear. This is necessary on any trip. As for the UK, you will definitely need English socket adapter. Their sockets are absolutely incompatible with ours and with the so-called “euro” ones too.

Of course you can buy this adapter in England. But, firstly, it still needs to be found there, and secondly, it costs a lot of money there. For example, at Manchester airport I saw adapter for 14 pounds. In Russia, in any radio store you can find a whole set adapters, neatly packed in a beautiful, convenient box at a price of 150 rubles. If suddenly you don’t have them in your store - adapter for English socket easy to find in Chinese online stores.

Without this adapter, you won't be able to charge your phone, camera, or shave.

Voltage in electrical network UK compatible with our electrical appliances and complies with 230 Volts at 50 Hertz.

Adapter for English socket in a convenient box

This is what the adapter itself looks like

The whole set

This is how it works

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Try to imagine homo modernus without mobile phones, cameras, laptops, navigation systems and other gadgets? The answer is simple: it is impossible. Well, all these benefits of civilization cannot exist without “food”; they need recharging.
Therefore, beaches, parks, museums fade into the background, and the first thing a traveler should think about is what kind of sockets and what kind of voltage there will be in the country where he is going.
In most cases, the issue is resolved with the help of an adapter. But it can become useless if the voltage in the network is very different from the native, domestic one. For example, in Europe the voltage varies from 220 to 240 V; in the USA and Japan - from 100 to 127 V. If you don’t guess, you’ll burn your device.
Let's try to understand the intricacies of electrical engineering.

Voltage and frequency

By and large, only two levels of electrical voltage are used in the household network in the world:
European - 220 - 240 V and American - 100 - 127 V, and two frequency values AC- 50 and 60 Hz.

Voltage 220 - 240 V with a frequency of 50 Hz is used by most countries of the world.
Voltage 100 -127 V at a frequency of 60 Hz - in the USA, countries of North, Central and, partially, South America, Japan, etc.
However, there are variations, for example, in the Philippines, 220 V and 60 Hz, and in Madagascar, on the contrary, 100 V and 50 Hz, even within the same country, depending on the region, there may exist different standards, for example, in different parts Brazil, Japan, Saudi Arabia, the Maldives.

Therefore, before you set off, collect as much information as possible about circuits and signals, the types of sockets used in the country and the voltage in the network.

Electrical sockets

There are a lot of sockets, plugs and options for connecting to the electrical network. But don’t be alarmed, there is no need to deal with everyone and look for an adapter for each one.
You need to remember (save, sketch, photograph) the 13 most used types of sockets that indicate in Latin letters A to M:

Type A - American electrical socket and plug: two flat parallel contacts. Used in most countries of North and Central America (USA, Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, Guatemala), in Japan, and almost everywhere where the mains voltage is 110 V.
Type B is a variation of Type A connector, with an additional round ground pin. Typically used in the same countries as the Type A connector.
Type C - European socket and plug. It has two round parallel contacts (without grounding). This is the most popular socket in Europe, excluding England, Ireland, Malta and Cyprus. Used where the voltage is 220V.
Type D is the old British standard with three round contacts arranged in a triangle shape, with one of the contacts thicker than the other two, rated for maximum current. Used in India, Nepal, Namibia, Sri Lanka.
Type E is a plug with two round pins and a hole for the grounding pin, which is located in the socket of the socket. This type is now almost universally used in Poland, France and Belgium.
Type F - The standard is similar to Type E, but instead of a round ground pin there are two metal clamps on both sides of the connector. You will find such sockets in Germany, Austria, Holland, Norway, and Sweden.
Type G - British socket with three flat contacts. Used in England, Ireland, Malta and Cyprus, Malaysia, Singapore and Hong Kong.
Note. This type of outlet often comes with a built-in internal fuse. Therefore, if after connecting the device it does not work, then the first thing to do is check the condition of the fuse in the outlet.
Type H - has three flat contacts or, in more early version, round contacts are arranged in a V shape. Used only in Israel and the Gaza Strip. Not compatible with any other plug, designed for voltage values of 220 V and current up to 16 A.
Type I - Australian socket: two flat contacts, as in a socket American type Ah, but they are located at an angle to each other - in the shape of the letter V. There is also a version with a grounding contact. Used in Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Argentina.
Type J - Swiss plug and socket. It is similar to the Type C plug, but has an additional grounding pin in the middle and two round power pins. Used in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Ethiopia, Rwanda and the Maldives.
Type K is a Danish socket and plug, similar to the European Type C, but with a ground pin located at the bottom of the connector. Used in Denmark, Greenland, Bangladesh, Senegal and the Maldives.
Type L - Italian plug and socket, similar to the European Type C socket, but with a round ground pin that is in the center, the two round power pins are arranged unusually in a line. Used in Italy, Chile, Ethiopia, Tunisia and Cuba.
Type M is an African socket and plug with three round pins arranged in a triangle shape, with the ground pin being clearly thicker than the other two. It is similar to the D-type connector, but has much thicker pins. The socket is designed to power devices with a current of up to 15 A. Used in South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho.

A few words about various types of adapters.

The easiest way to be ready to put the plug into the socket is to purchase an adapter, converter or transformer in advance (it depends on what your needs are). In most hotels, if you contact them, they will select the device you need at the reception.

Adapters - combine your plug with someone else's socket without affecting the voltage, the most versatile device.
Converters - provide conversion of local power grid parameters, but for a short time, up to 2 hours. Suitable for small (camping) household appliances: hair dryer, razor, kettle, iron. Convenient on the road due to its small size and weight.
Transformers are more powerful, larger and more expensive voltage converters designed for continuous operation. Used for complex electrical appliances: computers, TVs, etc.

And at the end, an easy life hack on how to use an English socket without an adapter

Happy travels!

Sources: wikimedia.org, travel.ru, enovator.ru, personal experience.

When we talked about this, we briefly discussed the types of devices. There is a wide range of types and types of electrical outlets, however, in domestic conditions, plug-in models are most often used. Next, we will tell you what types of products there are in Russia and other countries of the world.

Type of connectors

The most basic difference between the types of products is how the connectors for connecting the electrical plug are arranged. The fact is that each state has its own connector standards. You can clearly see the types of outlets in all countries of the world in the photo below:

Description of each type:

A - American. In addition to the USA, this version is used in Japan. There is no ground contact.
B – American model, with grounding.
WITH - European standard. The Euro socket is used not only in European countries, but also in the CIS, including Russia. The only drawback of this variety is the lack of grounding. However, it should be noted that there is no grounding contact on Soviet C5 models, but in the Euro version C6 it is present.
D - this type of electrical sockets can be found in Britain.
E – French standard.
F – Euro socket with grounding. Modern type execution, which is most often used in European countries, as well as the CIS.
G – English version.
H – Israeli.
I – Australian.
J – Swiss.
K – Danish.
I - the original type of execution, which is used in Italy.
M – South Africa.

So you found out what kind of sockets there are in different countries peace. Next, we will dwell in more detail on the types of electrical plug products type C and F.

Specifications

As you already know, the operating voltage in the network can be 220-240 or 380 Volts; in America and Japan it is customary to use a voltage of 100-127 Volts. 220 V Euro sockets are used to connect electrical appliances with a power of no more than 3.5 kW. This is due to the fact that power sockets can withstand a current not exceeding 16A. In these types of electrical accessories it is permissible to connect a TV, refrigerator and other not too powerful household appliances.

Industrial three-phase sockets are designed for a current of 32 A and therefore are used in everyday life to connect powerful equipment.

Electrical sockets are also designed for an alternating current frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. In Russia and the CIS countries, the first type of execution is used.

Installation type

The next type of electrical sockets is the housing version. There are overhead products that are used for and recessed ones - for installing wiring in a hidden way.

The latter type, in turn, can be mounted not only on the wall, but even on the floor or countertop in the kitchen. Floor-standing household devices for connecting equipment look like this:

A separate type of electrical outlets is portable. Very convenient option, however, it has not yet gained much popularity in Russia.

Additional features

Also, electrical outlets can be divided into types depending on additional functions which they possess. For example:

Waterproof. Euro sockets from 44 and higher have a cover that will protect the connectors from water ingress. This type of socket is most often used in bathrooms.
Model C - cuts off power when a dangerous electrical leak is detected.
Model with timer. Using this type of electrical accessories, you can simply set the time after which the power will turn off. Very convenient for connecting heaters that do not have their own shutdown timer.
Power socket with wattmeter. An original solution that allows you to see how much electricity a connected device consumes. The display changes depending on the power consumption: blue is the minimum power consumption, red is the maximum.
With fork ejector. If you often do this, we recommend choosing a special model with an ejector that will help you carefully pull the electrical plug out of the sockets.
Euro socket with backlight. This type of product is very convenient because in the dark you can easily find where to connect charger from a phone or another device.
Model with USB output. An excellent solution for recharging mobile devices.
GSM and

October 12th, 2017

This is really very inconvenient. Okay, people used to travel a little around the world, now it’s practically not a luxury. Remember, when household appliances assembled in Europe began to arrive in Russia, how many problems there were with our Soviet sockets. We bought adapters, they burned out. Only not long ago we finally got rid of this problem.

I was in Cyprus in the spring - there are very unusual British outlets there. You can’t buy adapters in a small town in Russia; upon arrival you had to run around, look for them, and overpay. I’m going to the Dominican Republic soon - and there are different outlets there again, American (sort of). Adapters will again have to be purchased locally and not in 1 copy.

And why...

In the era of electrification, inventors from different countries offered their own versions of optimal sockets; were built all over the world different types electric generators.

Firstly, the struggle between technologies at the dawn of the development of electricity left its mark. We are talking about the confrontation between Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla in the creation of direct and alternating current networks, respectively. While we know AC power ultimately won out, infrastructure DC, created in the USA until the 1920s (and in Stockholm until the 1950s), has to be maintained and used right up to the present day.

Secondly, many inventors offered their own versions of optimal (in their opinion) sockets. For example, in 1904, American inventor Harvey Hubbel received a patent for the first electrical outlet. By its design, it was a kind of adapter between an electric cartridge and a plug. The adapter was screwed into the socket instead of a light bulb, and some electrical appliance was connected to it.

The German engineer Albert Büttner created the “Euro socket” we know today in 1926. And the first grounded socket was created by Philippe Labre in 1927.

And national companies involved in the installation of electrical networks supplied their devices suitable for these networks. Accordingly, different types of plug connectors and sockets were introduced and their own networks were designed. The developments of other countries were completely ignored.

Influenced the development of sockets and the availability of materials. For example, during World War II, Britain came up with a three-prong plug with a short copper fuse. This design made it possible to save copper reserves for military needs. Interestingly, the use of the three-prong plug in the UK was in stark contrast to the rest of Europe and even North America, where two-prong plugs were widely used and also varied in design, all due to poor communication in the early days development of electricity supply.

Now, according to one classification, there are 12 types of sockets, according to another - 15. Moreover, sockets of one type sometimes accept plugs of another. However, if you find out that the country you are going to has the same type of socket as at home, don’t rush to rejoice! This is only half the problem. Voltage and frequency may vary in different parts of the world.

Classification of types of sockets and plugs in different countries of the world

The two most common standards are: European - 220-240 V at a frequency of 50 Hz and American - 100-127 V at a frequency of 60 Hz. You should not check what will happen if an electrical appliance operating on 100-127 V is plugged into an outlet with 220-240 V.

In some countries you should keep your ears open. For example, in most areas of Brazil, 127 V is used, but in the north of the country 220 V is found. And in Japan, the voltage is the same everywhere - 110 V, but the frequency is different: in the east 50 Hz is used, in the west - 60 Hz. The reason is simple: first, German-made generators with a frequency of 50 Hz were purchased for Tokyo, and soon after that American ones with a frequency of 60 Hz were supplied to Osaka.

Perhaps someday a single standard will be adopted. A universal socket for all types of plugs has already been developed. But for now it’s up to everyone to install it or not. In addition, we first need to come to a unified voltage standard. And this comes down to huge financial costs for the refurbishment and re-equipment of transformer substations, replacement of sockets and plugs.

* Voltage 100-127 V at a frequency of 60 Hz is used by the USA, Canada, Japan, Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica, partially Brazil and other countries.
* Voltage 220-240 V with a frequency of 50 Hz is used in most other countries, but even with the same parameters, the type of sockets can vary greatly.

Here brief description some of them:

Types A and B - American socket

Type B differs from A by the presence of a third hole - it is intended for a grounding pin. Such sockets, as you can guess from the name, were invented in the USA and are widespread in North, Central and partly South America, as well as Japan and some other countries.

Types C and F - European socket

Just like A and B, types C and F differ from each other only in the presence of grounding - F has it. European socket used in most EU countries, as well as in Russia and the CIS, Algeria, Egypt and many other countries.

Type G - British socket

In the UK, the socket has three flat holes, and this design appeared for a reason. The fact is that during World War II the country experienced a copper shortage. Therefore, a plug with a short copper fuse and three pins was developed. In addition to Great Britain, the same socket is used in Cyprus, Malta, Singapore and other countries that were influenced by the British Empire.

Type I - Australian socket

This type of socket can be found not only in Australia, but also in New Zealand, Fiji, Cook Islands, Kiribati, New Guinea, Samoa and sometimes in China, where types A and C are also common.

Type H - Israeli socket

Type H is used only in Israel and Palestine, and the pins of the plug can be either round or flat, depending on when the device was manufactured. The old equipment had a flat socket shape, but new sockets are suitable for two options.

Type K - Danish socket

This outlet can easily claim the title of “friendliest” in the world - its design resembles a smiling face. In addition to Denmark and Greenland, which is part of it, type K is used in Bangladesh and the Maldives - however, several types of sockets are common there.

Luckily, all these differences won't ruin your vacation or business trip—you just need to purchase the right adapter in advance.

Map showing distribution various types sockets used all over the world.(link to interactive map )

A world map shows the distribution of different types of sockets in use around the world. Countries using Types A and B are highlighted in red, countries using Types C and E/F are dark blue (which are 100% compatible with each other), countries using Type D are highlighted in brown, British Type G is in aqua, Israeli Types C and H are in pink. , countries using Australian type I are highlighted in yellow, countries using C and J in black, types C and K in gray, types C and L in orange, type M in purple in South Africa, type N in pale blue, and Thailand in dark green. Types C and O. Please note that this simplified overview only shows the most common plug type, and sometimes several systems in the same country.

For a complete and thorough review electrical plugs used in each country, click .

List of countries around the world with corresponding plug and socket types, voltage and frequency. link worldstandards.eu/electrici...

A complete overview of all countries in the world and their respective plugs/sockets and voltages/frequencies used for home appliances. The table shows that most countries have electricity supplies between 220 and 240 volts (50 or 60 Hz), significantly superior to countries operating at 100 to 127 volts. The list also shows that types A and C are the most commonly used electrical plugs around the world.

Most countries have a clearly defined plug and voltage standard. However, many Latin American, African and Asian countries use a motley collection of often incompatible plugs, and sometimes the voltage differs from region to region. This situation makes it difficult for travelers to assess which adapter or transformer connector is needed for a trip. In this case, when the electricity situation in the country requires additional information, the name of the country in question is highlighted in red. This link will take you to detailed description: worldstandards.eu/electrici...

Most often, electrical appliances are supplied already with ready-made system connecting them to the network. However, there are situations when it is necessary to replace an element such as an electrical plug. Choose suitable option is very important, as well as connecting it correctly. In order to avoid unpleasant situations in the future, you should study the technology of equipment repair.

Types of electrical plugs

There are only three types of electrical plugs. These are collapsible and non-dismountable (cast) types of equipment.

Each of them performs the same function. An electrical plug of any type serves as a connection between the network and the current conductor.

Molded plugs have gained great popularity in the world of modern household appliances. They are reliable, aesthetic and also comfortable. The wire is attached to the pins by spot welding. The system in this case resembles a single wire. In this case there is no contact. This method of fastening ensures that there is no oxidation or weakening at the junction of the wire with the pins of the plug.

The cause of failure of a cast plug is a fracture of the conductor at the base. Typically, such devices are not repaired.

A removable plug will help bring the device back to life. The electrical cord and plug are connected very tightly. How better contact, the better the equipment works.

World fork markings

Depending on the state that produces the equipment presented, there are 13 types of gifts and plugs for them. They are marked with Latin letters.

Types A and B of electrical plugs are assigned to American plugs. Type A does not have a ground connection, and Type B already contains a place for its connection. Their pins are flat.

Type C belongs to European plugs with round pins without grounding. English sockets are marked D. The pins are round, two thin and one thick.

French electrical plugs with a grounding point have two round prongs. The third is in the socket.

An F type grounding plug is similar to a C. It only has two grounding plates.

TO English plugs include types M and G. Other European varieties include sockets J, K, L. Australian plugs for electrical cords are marked with the letter I, and Israeli ones - H.

Adapters are used to connect the plug to incompatible sockets.

Electric plugs in our country

In our country there are 4 types of trailed and cast forks.

Type C is a non-separable plug. They most often come with household appliances and connected to the cord.

Type C5 has round pins with a diameter of 4 mm, without ground contacts. The power of the equipment connected to such a plug does not exceed 1.3 kW (6 A).

Type C6 belongs to equipment such as an electrical plug, which may not have a grounding connection. In some versions they have a grounding pin. The diameter of the pins is 4.8 mm. The plug is designed for power up to 2 kW (10 A).

Type C1-b includes collapsible varieties designed for a power of 1.3 kW (6 A).

Which fork is better?

There is an opinion among professional electricians that a cast plug is still more reliable. This applies to quality products from well-known manufacturers.

The connection of the wire to the pins occurs in production by soldering or, in very rare cases, crimping. Subsequent hermetic casting of the housing reliably protects the connection point and also prevents oxidation processes in this section.

The only weak point of such a product is the connection between the conductor and the plug. If a break occurs, it is better not to try to disassemble the cast version of the product. If you decide to repair the device, you should connect a detachable plug to the wire.

Rules for connecting plug C1-b

Different types of electrical plugs will require certain installation rules to be followed for each one.

For collapsible plugs C1-b it is necessary to provide good contact wires with pins. The ends of the conductors should be tinned.

The insulation from the cable is removed by 20-25 mm without touching the cores. Rings should be formed around the crimp screws of the fork. The remaining overlap is wound around the cleaned base.

The finished ring is removed and carefully tinned so as not to put pressure on the insulation. Then they are put back on the screws and clamped until they stop. You need to be careful not to break the thread.

The pins with wires are inserted into the mounting recesses. The outgoing wire is pressed with an insulating strip without damaging the outer sheath of the cable. Next, the plug halves are tightened with a bolt and nut.

Connecting the wire to plug C5 and C6

Here the process of connecting the wire is even simpler. Fork electric type C5 and C6 already include special pads. There is no need to form rings. Wire with a cross section of 2.5 mm square. envy up to 10 mm, and from 1.5 mm sq. - up to 20 mm. This is due to the connection technology.

Thin wires will need to be folded in half before fastening. The core is twisted and inserted into the terminal.

From time to time it is better to tighten the pads in order to ensure good quality contact. IN similar devices ah he's good enough.

If the electrical network does not provide grounding, you should not connect extra contact anywhere. The third conductor is left unstripped as a reserve. It may come in handy if one of the wires breaks.

If you install a plug with a high power rating on an electrical appliance, this will increase its safety margin. However, if you install a fork with a smaller load-bearing power on your equipment, you should expect it to overheat, fail, and create an emergency situation. Be sure to pay attention to the fork markings and power household appliance.

Having familiarized yourself with the varieties of such an element of the electrical circuit as an electrical plug, you can choose the right option to replace the old plug. There are several types of such devices. Each is selected in accordance with the required load of the household appliance to which the wire and plug are connected. By making the connection in accordance with all the rules, you can have no doubt about the durability and safety of operation of the electrical plug.