The influence of gadgets on children is a hot topic for parents. The terrible consequences of the digital era: after this you will forbid your child to use gadgets

IN modern world Almost from birth, children can easily operate computers, phones, and tablets, often explaining to their parents how to cope with this or that technical innovation. It seems that there are advantages to such a situation, because such intelligence indicates that the child is attentive and easy to learn. But there is also a less rosy side: numerous studies have proven that active use gadgets have a detrimental effect on children, depriving them of many simple joys and experiences necessary for full development. How to resolve this contradiction, because it is simply impossible to completely abandon gadgets. And what are the pros and cons of early technological development?

Some statistics

According to UNESCO, 93% of children aged 3 to 5 years are exposed to screens 28 hours a week, or approximately 4 hours a day. Moreover, in most cases, communication with adults takes much less time. Of course, distracting a child with cartoons, video games, and TV shows frees up several hours of time for parents to do their own thing, but all this time the child is practically isolated from the outside world, which is fraught with unpleasant consequences that will further affect his mental health.

Social research conducted among children preschool age, showed that children who are gadget-dependent are significantly behind in speech development from children who almost never use electronic devices.

Replacing books, fairy tales, communication with parents with watching cartoons and games leads to the fact that “on-screen children” begin to speak later than their peers, their speech is poor, and their vocabulary is small. Such children often have pronounced speech defects.

Today, speech development disorders are observed in 25% of four-year-old children. For comparison, 40 years ago only 4% of children had such a problem, that is, the number of violations increased 6 times.

What is the harm of gadgets?

For full development, a child requires constant contact with the world. This and live communication, and games with a variety of toys and household items, and exploration of the apartment, and games in nature, where there is an opportunity to see and touch all kinds of objects, hear new sounds. All this receives an emotional response from the baby, since the child passes each action through his consciousness, thinks about it and puts it on the right shelf, and the influence of each factor enhances the discussion with an adult.

But gadgets give the child only a picture that is unable to enter into a dialogue. Of course, cartoons and children's programs tell the young viewer something, but they do not react to a specific child, do not respond to his actions, but simply fascinate with the flashing of multi-colored images.

Moreover, up to a certain age, the baby is attracted to exceptionally bright pictures, which, as if in a kaleidoscope, change on the screen. The child is not able to perceive the plot, understand the characteristics of the character and evaluate his actions. The baby will look at the washing machine with the same interest. At the same time, attempts to distract from the screen lead to hysterics, because it does not take much time for a dependence on gadgets to form, and a child will have difficulty giving up the usual pleasure.

But the biggest disadvantage of such a pastime is that cartoons and games do not contribute to the development of imagination, do not form a moral basis - they supply a ready-made image that does not require comprehension, so the child does not learn anything.

Such superficial perception leads to impaired mental health and the emergence of a disease, which in the modern world is called “concentration deficiency.”

Symptoms of “concentration deficiency”:

• The child's inability to concentrate on one activity;
• Lack of long-term interest in one thing;
• Increased absent-mindedness;
• Hyperactivity.

Children develop clip thinking, from which they quickly switch, are often distracted, are constantly looking for new experiences, but at the same time are not able to grasp the entire information and connect individual facts. Such children grow up to be inattentive adults who have difficulty perceiving new information by ear, and consider reading to be hard labor.

And of course, constantly being in front of a screen negatively affects the physical health of children and adolescents: vision deteriorates, posture deteriorates, the body lacks stamina and strength, because there is usually simply not enough time to exercise.

But all this can be prevented if you pay attention to your child in time and, having studied the topic “children and gadgets,” find an alternative to screen entertainment.

How to benefit from gadgets

Of course, technological progress also has its advantages, so you cannot completely isolate your child from computers and phones. To make devices a child’s friend and not provoke gadget addiction, it is important to find optimal time to play with them. Doctors recommend sticking to an already proven schedule:

It is better not to sit children under 3 years old in front of a screen at all. Distract them with books, educational toys, and learning anything that is safe. If you don’t show your child cartoons, he won’t even remember them, let alone the absence computer games definitely won't have a negative impact on his health.

1. 15 minutes is enough for children 3-5 years old;
2. 20 minutes - for 6 years;
3. half an hour is acceptable for seven-eight year olds;
4. 40 minutes is the optimal time for 10-12 years;
5. Time for teenagers 13-14 years old – 50 minutes.

Of course, than older child, the more difficult it is to control the time he spends at the computer, especially if the parents are constantly at work and the student is left to his own devices. You can put passwords on gadgets, install parental controls and block the path to the computer in other ways, but will there be any results?

It is important to instill in your child an interest in “live” activities as early as possible, awaken a thirst for reading, find a hobby, enroll in sections that will ensure communication and development, and also minimize the influence of gadgets on the lives of adolescents.

And most importantly, explain to your child how to use gadgets with maximum benefit. Children often waste time on the computer because they simply do not know all its capabilities. Let the child lead electronic diary, learns language in game form, reads interactive books and develops useful skills of independence and responsibility.

It depends only on you how strong the health and sharp mind of your child will be. Do not trust his upbringing to gadgets if you do not want to later reap the fruits of your frivolous behavior.

The benefits and harms of modern gadgets for children

Computer equipment, tablets, and smartphones have long become an integral part of the lives of modern inhabitants of megacities and beyond. A close connection, which cannot be seen with the human eye, firmly holds us near monitors and screens. For many, gadgets are a necessity, but for others they are entertainment. Watching adults who are passionate about “advanced things”, children at the subconscious level begin to perceive this technique as an obligatory aspect of existence. But what could be the impact of modern gadgets on a child? Let's try to figure out whether children can be allowed to use mobile electronic devices and at what age, and also whether communication with gadgets really harms the baby, and how to wean him off.

Back to the future...

Most parents remember the fun times of “real childhood.” Already almost from the cradle, the baby begins to independently explore the world, rubbing the knees of the sliders, trying to climb onto the table for candy, and then digging in the dirt, trying to repair a bicycle, packing a backpack for traveling and much, much more exciting things.

In former times, the life of a child could safely be called a continuous adventure, when he could independently comprehend the realities of the world. As he grew older, his hobbies also changed. And if at four years old it’s helping dad in the garage and mom in the kitchen, then at 10 years old it’s clubs and all sorts of interest groups.

Such a life was filled every day with new discoveries, thanks to which the child could feel all the notes of soul and body. As a result, we get a happy childhood, a vibrant imagination, basic survival skills and friends.

But what do we see when we look at the current generation? Already at the age of 1.5-2 years, mothers and fathers hand their offspring a battered mobile phone, tablet, or sit them in front of the TV with cartoons in order to carve out half an hour or an hour of free time for themselves. Thus, a child becomes “attached” to technological inventions from a very early age, and already at the age of 10-15 it will be very difficult to wean him off them.

At the same time, he needs to independently explore the environment: spin, disassemble and assemble something, spill or spill.

At playgrounds, the situation also looks different than in previous times. Previously, children explored the length and breadth of the sandbox, looking for treasure there or building castles, bumping into cat poop. Now, in order to avoid alarming situations, and so that the baby does not suddenly fall, get dirty, get an infection or cut himself, he is given a smartphone while the mother can go about her business. This does not mean at all that 10-30 years ago parents did not take care of their children and did not take safety measures.

In the modern world, all known gadgets have become a means
manipulation of children. Perhaps most parents have encountered a situation where, in return for an action performed, the child receives a reward in the form of a game on a phone or tablet. And it doesn’t matter how old the child is - 2 or 10 - he realizes that modern devices are an excellent tool to threaten or motivate. Agree, many modern children begin to get acquainted with the world through sterile computer technologies and virtual perception, without thinking that the harm of this will manifest itself much later.

Negative aspects of communication with devices

The main task of every parent is to prepare their child for real world conditions and survival. As a result, educational efforts for many years consist of training offspring, caring for their safety and health. But how do children perceive this?

Special literature considers educational process, as an exciting game with a baby, the program of which changes as he grows up. Today, all these games have become virtual, depriving the child not only of contact with his parents, but also limiting the flight of his imagination. But the harm of regular use of gadgets lies not only in this.

Considering the topic of how gadgets affect children and their harm, it is worth highlighting several main points.

First of all, this is vision impairment. If your baby constantly looks at the monitor or screen of a mobile device, this will affect his vision. Experts say that the influence of such electronic “toys” is so strong that vision lost before the age of 10 cannot be restored. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the child’s presence at the computer. In addition, there are special techniques that help draw up a diagram safe use modern devices. Based on how old the child is, you can determine permissible norm staying in front of the monitor:

• Pediatricians generally do not recommend that children aged 1 to 5 years be near a computer;
• at the age of 5 to 7 years, playing on a computer or tablet for 10 minutes (maximum 20 over 24 hours) is considered safe;
• Pupils of grades 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are allowed to sit with gadgets for 10-15 minutes without a break. per day;
• from 10 years of age, a child can be allowed to use devices for 20 minutes without a break, a maximum of three times during the day.

The harmful influence of gadgets on modern children also affects their sedentary lifestyle. A child who plays a lot and often on a computer or with a tablet practically does not move, which affects the spine and joints. In addition, such children have a tendency to accumulate excess weight from an early age.

Mental disorders are another side effect of excessive exposure to modern electronic technology. Although rare, such phenomena are quite possible. Mental disorders are often observed more in those children who spend time in front of a monitor playing games. Games that are inappropriate for their age are especially harmful to the mental health of children. For example, those that contain scenes with elements of violence, blood, exposure to psychotropic substances, as well as scenes of an erotic nature.

In addition, every online game has an element virtual communication. As a result, the child’s worldview changes and he becomes influenced by traveling around the world computer technology. Of course, after such exciting game episodes, it is very difficult for a child to return to the real world to his lessons and his responsibilities, and for parents it is difficult to wean their offspring from such a harmful habit.

Against the background of long-term regular communication with gadgets, the child’s ability to distinguish truth and reality from fiction deteriorates. Children transfer many actions and plots of the scenes they see on the device monitor to the present, without understanding their harm and negative consequences. The behavior model is formed by children based on the actions of the heroes of the virtual world. This is the main problem of modern small users of electronic devices - they adopt the skills of characters, most of whom are selfish and aggressive personalities, guided in action only your own desires and needs.

The harm of constant communication with gadgets is also reflected in the fact that children develop addiction. Many experts compare this addiction to alcohol and drug addiction.

However, parents may not notice this effect of the device on their child. The first suspicions begin to creep in when they make attempts to wean their offspring from the electronic “toy” and replace virtuality with reality.

Positive aspects

At the same time, there are also “advantages” of children’s communication with modern mobile devices and computer:

• Possibility of comprehensive development of the child, subject to careful supervision by parents. This does not mean that from the first year of life the baby should be introduced to gadgets. He will need this skill from the age of seven. Modern schoolchildren aged 7-10 years old can turn on a laptop, computer or tablet and run on it the program necessary for learning or acquiring new knowledge. The main thing is that parents can be present with their children at this time in order to unobtrusively help and at the same time control the process.
• An opportunity to keep your child occupied for a short time during a long wait. Everyone knows that children do not tolerate long lines, monotonous long journeys, waiting in clinics, etc. In such situations, exciting toys or paper and pencils are not always at hand. Another thing is a smartphone or tablet, which can distract the baby for 10-15 minutes. Parents can also spend this time usefully by playing an educational and educational game. This way they will be able to communicate with their children and additionally introduce them to new knowledge.

As you can see, there are also positive aspects of communicating with gadgets. However, in order to prevent children from getting used to the world of virtual travel and attempts to manipulate, it is better to control the time they spend on computer monitors and tablets.

How to avoid addiction?

If in your life there is a problem of a child getting used to the world of computer technology and this affects his behavior, communication, and studies, it is urgent to take safety measures. This dependence is recognized by
two signs:

• real life and communication with parents (relatives, friends) are relegated to the background;
• There is a violent protest, hysteria, and threats when parents try to impose restrictions.

If you notice such symptoms of excessive enthusiasm for electronic toys, you should wean your child off using the following techniques:

• control over the duration of the offspring’s communication with the “technologies of the future.” In order not to encounter a similar problem later, try to keep children from one to 5 years away from gadgets at all;
• reviewing app recommendations to ensure descriptions are appropriate for his or her age group;
• do not resort to using devices unnecessarily. Don’t try to get rid of your child by shoving a tablet or iPhone into his hands; it’s better to get him interested in what you’re doing and ask for help. And do not manipulate children by promising a game as a reward for fulfilling a request.

Source http://www.e-motherhood.ru/vliyanie-gadzhetov-na-rebenka/

Report

Topic: The influence of gadgets on children and adolescents.

Speaker:history and social studies teacherSopov A. I.

The influence of gadgets on children and adolescents.

Introduction

What is a gadget?

Gadgets and academic performance

Gadgets and Russian language

Health effects

Symptoms of addiction

Conclusion

Introduction

In any queue, in the subway, on park benches, at cafe tables, we can see the same picture. Young people are sitting, staring at the screen of a phone, tablet, or laptop. They are looking at something, replying to someone. Sometimes they look very busy and concentrated, sometimes they look downright bored. But, unfortunately, it is very sad to watch a group of friends clicking their phones together instead of communicating with each other live. IN public transport It’s rare to see a person without headphones in their ears, where loud, rhythmic music is heard. On the streets of the city, every person you meet is talking on a mobile phone. People stopped seeing what was happening around them. They stopped thinking because they simply had no time to do it.

What is a gadget?

"Gadget - small device, designed to facilitate and improve human life."

But is this really so? Do gadgets really improve our lives? Of course, in their use you can find not only disadvantages, but also advantages. But in order to fairly assess the impact of gadgets, let's look at all sides.

Pros of using gadgets and PCs

PCs, laptops, tablets and smartphones are good because they give access to information on the Internet and allow you to use various programs. The following positive aspects of using these devices can be highlighted:

Development of fine motor skills. Work on devices with a joystick, buttons and touchscreen ( touch screen) allow you to develop your fingers and train fine motor skills. And motion tracking computer mouse on the screen allows you to train your baby's attention.

Teaching younger students. This happens with the help of special educational programs and games that use visual images and active forms of work of the child himself. Very good games are those in which the child is presented with a problematic situation and is required to find its solution by analyzing the initial data and engaging in search and research activities. For example, these could be games with building letters from lines, correlating concepts with images, etc.

Access to a lot of useful information right from home. On the Internet, schoolchildren can read the latest news, find texts of books, find interesting information about a great discovery, traveler, historical event, etc. The advantage of the Internet over the library is the instant supply of new information.

Opportunity to develop and improve. You can turn on an educational lecture, watch a lesson on YouTube, or read a book anywhere and at any time. This is convenient for those who spend several hours a day on the road or, even worse, are constantly stuck in traffic jams. You can find a book that is not in the library.

Forming in schoolchildren the skill of searching and filtering information. This skill is most actively developed in adolescence. The abundance of various information sites confronts the student with the need to analyze all the information received and select reliable information from it. In addition to the skills of searching and filtering information, it also develops the ability to think critically.

Ability to capture a specific moment . Take a photo or film it. That's it now modern gadgets equipped with a built-in camera. It's actually very convenient;

Connection with classmates and teachers. Special blogs and groups on social networks created for students of a certain class are very good. Here the teacher and students can exchange information and news, discuss controversial issues, discuss the works read.

Completing tasks. The teacher can give assignments to students remotely and they can complete them, either personally or together. Joint preparation of projects, abstracts and other assignments.

Disadvantages of using gadgets and PCs

Frequent and irregular use of gadgets can lead to a number of negative consequences:

1. Escaping reality. In the modern world, people are surrounded by so many fears, internal complexes and anxieties that they literally cannot be alone with themselves. The feeling of fear makes them run away from reality, distracted by gadgets. Music, games, constant viewing of social networks helps to drown out their inner voice and create for themselves the illusion that everything is in order in their life;

2. Addiction. Addiction to the use of gadgets can be traced among the majority of their users. Scroll through the news feed of social networks, view photos on Instagram, like, write comments. Or, on the contrary, put up another photo of your loved one somewhere, and then come back every minute and see if there is a new comment on it.

3. Life in the virtual world . Chat with friends not in person, but on Skype. Exchange text messages, meet on a dating site. Maintain the status of your page in social networks, edit new and new photos for your profile. The virtual world has completely taken over all of our time.

4. The race for new products. Gadget creators are taking advantage of this mass craze by releasing more and more new models. More convenient, perfect, functional. And they are not cheap at all. Outdated models go out of fashion, are withdrawn from sales, and on TV we are shown all the advantages of new technologies. And we get excited, spend valuable time of our lives in order to buy a more advanced gadget with our last money.

5. Personality degradation . Many games are created not to develop logic or enrich the intellect, but to burn time. They are called “time killers” online. And they are used and played. They go through level after level instead of exploring this world, playing sports, and developing spiritually, in the end. A vicious circle of daily “likes” of photos on social networks, useless games, correspondence with friends “about nothing.”

Gadgets and academic performance

Many parents try to purchase for their child as early as possible personal computer, which, in their opinion, is the primary assistant in learning. However, scientists say that having a computer at home has a negative effect on school performance.

In 2010-2015 studies were conducted on 150 thousand schoolchildren aged 10 to 14 years, in which they studied information about computer owners and compared annual grades in basic disciplines before and after purchase home computer. As a result, a moderate but quite noticeable negative effect caused by computer accessibility was established.

The reason for this situation is explained by the fact that schoolchildren mainly use the computer for gaming and communication activities via the Internet, and only a few use it to search for useful information.

Teenagers' excessive passion for gadgets and the global network certainly affects their academic performance. Gadgets impair students' attentiveness and prevent them from concentrating on what is happening in class, experts say. Thus, educators, psychologists and researchers around the world are increasingly talking about the harmful effects of social networks and the Internet in general on the consciousness and performance of schoolchildren.

Gadgets and Russian language

According to experts, the Internet and SMS messages have a great influence on the literacy of schoolchildren. The popular “Albanian” or “Padonkovsky”, or rather distorted language, is moving from play to life. The “game of illiteracy” becomes truly illiteracy, because, having become carried away, newcomers to ordinary life very often they do not distinguish, and do not attach importance to, whether they write correctly or not. Negative influence spoken language, the language of forums and chats, obviously, a distorted language spreads like a virus. By using words from it, teenagers consider themselves “one of their own.” The consequences of this process are disastrous; getting used to the wrong language in communication, they also write in school. And they are very surprised when the teacher gives a bad mark for “correct” spelling.

Health effects

Researchers from Russian center electromagnetic safety argue that electromagnetic radiation from modern communication devices has a negative impact on the central nervous system. Moreover, it is the children’s body that is most susceptible. An analysis of groups of schoolchildren showed that children who regularly use tablets and smartphones are characterized by distracted attention and a decrease in IQ development.

Scientists and psychologists note:

Firstly , children spending hours on a touch screen begin to have problems coordinating actions between brain commands and hand movements. There have been cases where such guys cannot even throw the ball in a straight line, because the upper limbs do not respond adequately to signals from the head.

Secondly , constantly looking at small objects on the screens of smartphones and tablets develops myopia (especially in those who bring the screen close to their eyes), and the dryness of strained eyes can lead to inflammation and infection.

Thirdly , regular use of tablets and smartphones is harmful to the spine (especially the cervical spine), which in children still has a pliable structure and quickly bends.

fourthly , constant and unnatural tilting of the head down and pressing the chin to the neck can lead to deterioration of blood supply to the brain, inflammatory processes on the skin and subsequently to faster aging.

Symptoms of addiction

Experts identify the following symptoms of computer, gadget or Internet addiction:

Fanatical tracking of new technology and an uncontrollable desire to receive them (frequent requests to buy a device, whims and hysterics if this does not happen)

The emergence of a feeling of euphoria when using the device - the child feels happy only when he has the opportunity to hold the gadget in his hands, sit at the computer, go online, etc.

Lack of other interests, goals and aspirations - the student forgets about everything and has no other joys, spending all his time only with the device

Neglect of family and friends: family members and friends fade into the background - the child has virtually no contact with them

Having problems at school (behavior problems, absenteeism, bad grades, etc.)

Negative reaction (crying, aggression, hysteria, resentment, etc.) to attempts to limit work with the device

Of course, schoolchildren develop a real dependence on gadgets quite rarely. But if at least one of the above symptoms appears, then this is already an alarm bell for parents. In this case, it is urgent to distract the child from the harmful effects of a PC or gadget.

What to do?

Rules for the use of computers and gadgets by children

To avoid unnecessary problems from too frequent or improper use of PCs and gadgets, you must remember that:

At an early age, work should be under the supervision of parents

The distance from the eyes to the device display should be 50-70 cm

Display brightness should be low

When using the device, the child’s elbows should not hang - support is necessary

When working with the device, the student’s back should be straight

Try to give a gadget to a preschool child as rarely as possible. It is necessary to explain that this device is intended for work, and instead of watching cartoons, it is better to run educational programs and videos. For older children who use computers independently, it is necessary to emphasize that information on the Internet is not always reliable. Therefore, you need to choose it very carefully. To limit the time you use the device, you can set “parental controls”.

Parents should strictly limit the time their child spends on modern multimedia gadgets. It is necessary to focus children's attention more on outdoor games, spending time in nature and playing sports.

It is worth remembering that a child should not constantly sit in the virtual world. Time on the computer should be limited by the parent and at 6-8 years old – no more than an hour; at 9-16 years old - no more than 2-3 hours a day for schoolchildren. This time is enough for the child not to lag behind his peers in technical knowledge, but also not to develop computer addiction. It is also worth paying special attention to what exactly the child is doing on the computer. Please pay attention to age restrictions.

In particular complex cases When a child behaves completely inappropriately when a tablet is prohibited, it is best to seek the help of a specialist - a child psychologist.

How to prevent addiction

In order to prevent the fascination with a device from developing into a real craving or in order to correct an addiction that has already begun to form, it is necessary:

Reduce time spent using the device. However, remember that you do not need to strictly forbid your child to sit at the computer or take away his tablet. This will cause negative reaction and can only make the situation worse. Come up with some cunning move, for example, give instructions, ask the child to participate in activities, emphasizing that it is difficult to cope with them without him. In more serious cases, you can send the device “for repair” in order to instill in your child a love for other activities during this time.

Find other interests for your child. Try to get him interested in something not related to electronic devices. This could be walking, cycling, reading books, bead weaving and much more. See what interests your child the most and cultivate it.

Try to spend more time with your child. Joint walks, games, conversations, discussions interesting questions(books, films, music, history, etc.) will help your child not only avoid dependence on the gadget, but will also improve your relationship and allow your child to feel important.

Conclusion

Computers and gadgets are very useful devices for learning. However, they can become evil if used incorrectly or too often, if everyone's interests are focused on them. To avoid this, parents need to pay more attention to their children and, if necessary, supervise the use of devices.

It is quite difficult to imagine a modern family without various gadgets: smartphones, computers, laptops, tablets. These and other electronic and digital devices firmly established in our lives. It is not surprising that today's kids begin to be interested in them from a very young age. However, many parents are concerned about the question: is such a hobby safe?

On the one hand, it is not very prudent to completely limit a child’s exposure to computers and other electronic devices, since they contribute to the intellectual development of children.

On the other hand - modern technologies They often take away a lot of time from the baby, which he could spend on more useful activities: outdoor games, reading books, ordinary fussing with friends.

Let's look at the benefits and harms of gadgets for the health and development of a child.

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The influence of gadgets on children: pros and cons

It is quite difficult to imagine a modern family without various gadgets: smartphones, computers, laptops, tablets. These and other electronic and digital devices have become a fixture in our lives. It is not surprising that today's kids begin to be interested in them from a very young age. However, many parents are concerned about the question: is such a hobby safe?

On the one hand, it is not very prudent to completely limit a child’s exposure to computers and other electronic devices, since they contribute to the intellectual development of children.

On the other hand, modern technologies often take up a lot of time from the baby, which he could spend on more useful activities: outdoor games, reading books, ordinary fussing with friends.

Let's look at the benefits and harms of gadgets for the health and development of a child.

Advantages of using gadgets:

Computers and Internet technologies are gradually entering the lives of even the youngest children. The task of parents is to teach their child to use wisely all these benefits of civilization.

1. Development assistant. Gadgets can become the same educational tool as more traditional toys: pyramids, cars, dolls, cubes and other children's attributes. A baby who randomly presses buttons and keys imperceptibly develops finger motor skills and involuntarily remembers certain numbers and letters. By listening to melodies and looking at pictures on the monitor, the baby improves auditory and visual perception.

2. A way to keep your child busy. Thanks to laptops, smartphones and tablets, parents now know what to do with their little ones in a long line at the hospital or during a car trip. You don’t need to take a whole bunch of toys with you; you just need to turn on an interesting cartoon for your child. In this case, he will not bother you due to boredom and will have an interesting time.

3. Library in your pocket.Modern electronic “readers” can replace an entire book depository, so the student does not have to carry large volumes from the library and back. You will only need to download the books you are interested in from the Internet. In addition, you will teach your child the idea that the World Wide Web is not only a source of entertainment, but also a concentration of useful information.

4. An indispensable assistant for studying. Among the heap of various computer games you can find really useful information that contributes to the development of cognitive processes and the acquisition of new skills. Some applications teach children literacy, mathematics, drawing, and develop attention, memory and logical thinking. Educational cartoons will help to impart new knowledge about the world around the child in an unobtrusive form.

Disadvantages of using gadgets:

1. Negative impact on physical development and health.This aspect of the influence of gadgets on children should be considered very carefully. If a child is overly engrossed in a tablet or laptop, the following may suffer: vision – if the baby spends more than half an hour a day in front of the monitor, there is a risk that after six months his visual acuity will significantly decrease, because children’s eyes are under enormous strain; posture – children often slouch at the computer, which can lead to curvature of the spine; brain – from prolonged stay in one position, blood circulation in the limbs and internal organs can be disrupted, including the brain, which has an extremely negative impact on the child’s intelligence, fraught with a decrease in concentration and memory.

2. Incomplete assimilation of information. Of course gadgets help child development, however, children at an early age need to use all channels of perception. It is important for the child to touch, twist, and examine the ball from all sides in order to understand that it is round and can roll. Educational cartoons are not able to show all the diversity of the world, so the baby cannot fully study this or that subject.

3. Decreased creativity. No computer, laptop or smartphone can replace children’s real work with various materials, the joy of creating something new with their own hands. In real life, kids fantasize and realize their ideas by sculpting, cutting, coloring, and creating appliqués.

We use gadgets for children wisely.

If you want to prevent children from developing computer addiction and reduce the possible negative impact of gadgets, you need to use them correctly, adhering to a few important rules. Despite all the advantages of gadgets, remember that tablets or phones are not items of primary importance and necessity for preschoolers and young children. Full development is possible without all these “miracles of technology”, but if you still want to please your child, then follow the principle - technology for a child should be appropriate for his age. For children under six years of age, it is better to purchase children's tablets that are designed specifically for this age period. In this case, you will be sure that the gadget is useful for the child, and it will become much easier for you to control your enthusiastic baby. Don't use the computer to keep your child occupied while you cook dinner or clean up. The best way out– involve children in this process. The child should not be allowed to be at the computer beyond the established age norms. So, children under three years old should not sit in front of a laptop. more than an hour per day, and every 20 minutes you need to have a physical minute to rest your eyes. Older children can be allowed to spend more time in front of the monitor, but breaks are also required. Try to adhere to the age recommendations for computer games and cartoons. Information intended for older children can overload the child and even lead to a nervous breakdown. Children should not be given gadgets before falling asleep. From flickering bright pictures On the screen, children's nervous systems are excited, which is why they sleep poorly, have nightmares, or cannot fall asleep at all.

Taburtsa Vitaly Andreevich, police lieutenant colonel, teacher of the department of special tactics of the faculty vocational training Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia [email protected]

The influence of gadgets on a child’s psyche: markers of the problem, range of consequences

Abstract. The article is devoted to revealing the features and causes negative influence gadgets on the mental development of a child. The author analyzed the factors that determine the course of personal destructiveness in the development of a child. Key words: gadgets, Internet addiction, deformations of a child’s personal development.

In the age of information technology, modern gadgets have become so widely used

our lives that it is already difficult for us to imagine a world without them. Today, a gadget for a person is both a means of communication, a means of obtaining information, and an indicator social status, as a result of which every day it leaves a mark on everyone’s personality and influences us throughout our lives. What happens to a person under the influence of this influence, how does it affect his psyche? This issue especially worries parents, because modern children, from an early age, are exposed to all the benefits technical progress, now no one will be surprised by a 3-year-old child with cell phone, tablet or other gadget, what can we say about teenagers. But it is in childhood that the formation and most rapid development of the child’s psyche occurs. Of course, all these technical innovations make a direct contribution to intellectual development, accelerating it, but they are also a means of forming an idea of ​​the world. And it would seem that all this should only be beneficial for the development of our children, but the fragile psyche of a growing child, like a sponge, absorbs all the good and bad that electronic devices carry. The psyche of children adapts to technical devices, as a result the child’s thinking and perception change. Vivid visual images evoke strong emotions, but leave the child’s thinking indifferent; as a result, his main channels of perception become vision and hearing. The child’s brain is saturated with visual and auditory impressions, but lacks tactile, olfactory and tactile sensations. It is impossible to say unequivocally, but basically such diversity has a negative effect. The child is automatically “freed” from the need to activate his imagination; he is already offered a stereotypical form and a vivid stimulus, which can lead to the child fantasizing in one plane of the worlds that the modern virtual world industry offers him. Such hobbies have nothing to do with personal development, because they do not stimulate fantasy, imagination, or creative thinking. In addition, crowding out real interaction with the outside world from a child’s life can lead to the development of isolation, unsociability and unpreparedness of the child for life in society. Also, the child cannot cope with the overabundance of information received with the help of modern technical devices, which leads to disturbances in the emotional-volitional sphere, children become emotionally unbalanced, unable to control their actions, and they may also experience a feeling of poor health and susceptibility to stress. In adolescence, gadgets carry the danger of Internet addiction. Internet addiction is a mental disorder in which a person has a very obsessive desire to access global network, social networks and is unable to exit it on time. The anonymity factor plays a big role in the development of this addiction. Children get the opportunity to live a double or triple life online. As a result, there is a splitting of the personality, a blurring of ideas about oneself. This can have a particularly negative impact on the psyche of a teenager when he begins to form an identity - a stable idea of ​​himself. If you

notice in your child a loss of interest in live communication, a constant desire to go online, a loss of sense of time online, frequent checking of email and social network accounts and spending time on them large quantity time, irritability, decreased physical activity: instead of getting up and looking out the window and finding out if it’s raining outside, a person in most cases will prefer to use the Internet for this purpose, decreased interest in his appearance and trying to justify these symptoms, then you should start worrying. Thus,

we can say that the incorrect, unreasonable use of modern technical devices and gadgets from childhood leads to the fact that the brain gets used to the flow of information from the outside, the development of mental processes becomes one-sided, impoverishing the entire range of feelings, the imagination stops working, a person is not able to occupy himself , in the development of the emotional-volitional sphere, the child’s inability to regulate his behavior is manifested, and emotional incontinence, low stress resistance, in the formation of personality, the process of identity formation and interaction with the real world is disrupted. This does not mean that children should be prohibited from playing computer games and using gadgets, because the problem lies not in the possession of a thing, but in how it is used. In any case, the child strives to establish relationships with the outside world, establish emotional contact with others, so it is worth paying special attention to activities that develop and activate the psyche, such as traditional reading, drawing, music, sports, live communication with peers and parents , and, of course, to teach children from a very young age the adequate and safe use of computers and other devices that are harmless in themselves. Today, almost every family has a computer (tablet, laptop), and on it is a collection of “toys”. For many parents, computer games are a lifesaver: turn them on, and the child sits quietly with them for hours, does not pester, does not jump around the apartment, does not disappear on the street unknown where and with whom. Any child in a family where there are phones, tablets, smartphones and computers begins to be interested in them quite early. Researchers from the Russian Center for Electromagnetic Safety claim that electromagnetic radiation from modern communication devices has a negative effect on the central nervous system. Moreover, it is the children’s body that is most susceptible. An analysis of groups of children showed that if they regularly use tablets and smartphones, they are characterized by distracted attention and a decrease in IQ development. Russian sanitary standards do not recommend that children use gadgets with high-frequency electromagnetic radiation: phones, smartphones, tablets. In addition to the harm from direct radiation, there are additional factors of harm to health from the active use of tablets and other similar devices. Firstly, children who spend hours on a touch screen begin to have problems with coordination of actions between brain commands and hand movements. There have been cases where such children cannot even throw a ball in a straight line, since the upper limbs do not adequately respond to signals from the head. Constant use of the mouse can lead to the fact that the child’s fingers on his right hand (or left, if he left-handed and holds the mouse with his left hand). This is the so-called tunnel syndrome - monotonous load on the hand leads to compression of the nerves. The child will not receive the necessary sensory sensations from the computer. In addition, fine motor skills of the hands develop much less than when playing with a real construction set or mosaic. Secondly, constantly looking at small objects on the screens of smartphones and tablets develops myopia (especially in those who bring the screen close to their eyes), and dryness of strained eyes can lead to their inflammation and infection. Thirdly, regular use of tablets and smartphones is harmful to the spine (especially the cervical spine), which in children still has a pliable structure and quickly bends. If a child plays at a computer: he probably sits for a long time in one position, with his back twisted, staring at the screen and without blinking, negative consequences will not take long to appear. And, fourthly, a constant and unnatural tilt of the head down and pressing the chin to the neck can lead to inflammatory processes on the skin and subsequently to its faster aging. Fifthly, in children who play “shooting games” a lot and often, their worldview is distorted: 1. the child associates himself with an immortal computer hero and gets used to the fact that if he is “killed”, he can start the game again - the sense of self-preservation is dulled, and now he is on the street it seems that he is capable of performing some mind-boggling trick with ease and without risking his life; 2. the child begins to believe that resolving any conflicts using force and weapons is the norm, and does not even try to resolve quarrels in real life peacefully, he simply does not know how to do this; 3. For the most cruel acts and murders, the heroes of computer games are not responsible - this model of behavior is transferred by the child to the real world: you can hit, beat your opponent until they bleed - and you won’t get anything for it! And if the hero of the game jumps from a height without breaking, or dies and is resurrected with several lives left, the child can try to repeat this in reality, putting himself in the place of the invulnerable hero. There are already known cases when a computer game ultimately led to child suicide. At the same time, one should not think that a girl who does not play bloody games, but is carried away by, say, “Funny Farm” or “Beauty Salon”, is in complete psychological safety. Another aspect of the negative impact of computer games on children is that games kill the ability to work and make efforts to achieve results. Children get used to the fact that a couple of mouse clicks solves any problem - and now you are a beautiful woman, your computer pet is fed and happy, the farm is thriving. They then transfer this incorrect model of behavior to real life – hence depression, stress and hysterics, when something doesn’t work out the first time, when you have to try hard to make it work. Lastly, such games cause addiction in a child. Identifying addiction in a child is a complex multifunctional process. How to determine where the line is between healthy interest and addiction to gadgets. It is not difficult to understand this by observing the child’s behavior and answering the following questions: How long does the child play computer games? If it’s more than an hour a day, you should think about it. Can a child keep himself busy playing without a computer or tablet? How easy is it to distract a child from the computer by calling him to eat, play or sleep? Does the child like to draw on paper, read books or listen to his mother read, or does he prefer the computer to all of these? Can a child spend one or several days without ever looking at the computer? Based on honest answers to these questions, every parent can understand how strong the influence of computer games on children is in their case. It is definitely worth paying attention to the following signs: if your son or a daughter who regularly plays computer games has become irritable, nervous, poorly controlled, hysterics appear that were not there before, attacks of aggression for trivial reasons, enuresis... This is how the child’s psyche can compensate for the load that it receives during computer games. The tension and excitement in which a child is playing, for example, a shooter, unexpected plot twists, strong excitement cannot disappear without a trace and then manifest themselves in changes in behavior that are unexpected for parents. Psychological symptoms: good health or euphoria at the computer; impossibility stop; increasing the amount of time spent on the computer; neglecting family and friends; feelings of emptiness, depression, irritation not at the computer; lying to family members about your activities. Physical symptoms: carpal tunnel syndrome (tunnel damage to the nerve trunks of the hand associated with prolonged muscle strain); dry eyes; migraine-type headaches; back pain; irregular eating, skipping meals; neglect of personal hygiene; sleep disorders, changes in sleep patterns. The reasons for addiction to gadgets may be the following. Many parents, worried that the strong influence of computer games can be harmful affect the child, they forget that they themselves often provoke the emergence of addiction. Therefore, it is important to understand why children become actively interested in a computer or tablet and forget about other games. The main reasons for the increased interest in gadgets can be identified as follows: Often mothers resort to using a tablet when they need to feed or sit a restless baby on the potty, or to ease the time spent in transport, queues, etc. For rare cases, this is the only way out (for example, a long trip), but daily abuse forms a persistent habit. Many families encourage the child's increased interest in all sorts of buttons. The baby very quickly understands how to turn the device on/off, and parents falsely perceive this as a sign of early development, allowing the child to play with the gadget more and more. At the same time, adults only indulge their ambitions, without thinking about the development of the child. Fearing violent games, parents redirect the child's interest to calmer and more educational toys. At the same time, fathers and mothers forget to regulate the time spent on such entertainment. The influence of computer games on the child’s psyche is somewhat reduced, but dependence on the gadget still develops. It would be much more useful to replace studying on the computer with drawing or a walk. Often the computer is used as a reward for good behavior or work done, which can also form an addiction. The child perceives a computer game as his inalienable right and refuses to replace it with anything or reduce the time spent on the PC. In addition to all of the above, the harm from tablets and smartphones is also of a social and psychological nature, since they engage the child in their games and multimedia applications, which interferes with full communication, and subsequently makes the minor irritable and immersed in virtual world fantasies. Children who are accustomed to the phone from an early age will then no longer be able to switch to more important activities: books, games. fresh air and so on. Unfortunately, today's children no longer spend most of their free time from school on the street, in parks, and on playgrounds playing exciting games as they did in the days of their parents and grandparents. But active image life is the key to the healthy development of a child. Nowadays, children are accustomed to watching movies, videos, games on mobile phones and tablets, as well as laptops and iPhones. But this is not the children’s fault. Parents should monitor the development of the child and their proper upbringing. If parents do not allow spending time on a laptop or staring at a phone or TV, then the child does something else, such as reading or playing outdoors. It is necessary, first of all, to reinforce in the child’s mind that all equipment must be used only with the permission of the parents, be it a TV, a computer or a tablet. At any age, a child should clearly know how much time a day he can spend at a computer or with a tablet. This should become a non-negotiable rule. It is best to buy your child a special children's tablet or laptop, which has the necessary age-appropriate games installed and nothing unnecessary. To provide an alternative to a gadget, the child must have the required number of other toys, books, sets for creativity and active games. If a child has little interest in anything other than the computer, do not stop offering him new and new joint games and entertainment. Sooner or later you will find a game to suit his taste. It is a well-known fact that children follow the example of their parents in everything, therefore, in order to interest the child useful game, you need to play it with him. In addition, you should not play games in front of your child, the hobby of which will not bring him any benefit. What can we, parents, do to minimize the negative impact of computer games on our child? There is nothing new to come up with here - take more interest in your child, spend time with him, show him that there are other forms of leisure - sports, books, board games, hobby.

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