Effective tips for finding information on the Internet. He who seeks will find: secrets of effective Google search

16.Searching for information on the Internet

The information posted on the World Wide Web amounts to a huge number of bytes. To search for information on the World Wide Web, special websites are used - information retrieval systems. They allow you to use keywords to find information resources related to keywords. This could be text containing keywords, or graphic image one of the keywords. Examples of information retrieval systems are Google systems and Yandex.

Search for information– one of the most popular tasks in practice that any Internet user has to solve.

There are three main ways to search for information on the Internet:

1. Specifying the page address.

3. Contacting a search engine (search server).

Method 1: Specifying the page address

This is the fastest search method, but it can only be used if you know exactly the address of the document or the site where the document is located.

Don’t forget the ability to search the web page open in the browser window (Edit-Find on this page...).

This is the least convenient way, since with its help you can search for documents that are only close in meaning to the current document.

Method 3: Accessing a search engine

Using hypertext links, you can travel endlessly in the information space of the Network, moving from one web page to another, but if you consider that many millions of web pages have been created in the world, it is unlikely that you will be able to find the necessary information on them in this way.

Special search engines (also called search engines) come to the rescue. Search server addresses are well known to everyone who works on the Internet. Currently, the following search engines are popular in the Russian-speaking part of the Internet: Yandex (yandex.ru), Google (google.ru) and Rambler (rambler.ru

Search engine- a website that provides the ability to search for information on the Internet.

Most search engines look for information on websites World Wide Web, but there are also systems that can search for files on FTP servers, products in online stores, and information in Usenet newsgroups.

According to the operating principle Search engines are divided into two types: search directories and search indexes.

Search directories serve for thematic search.

The information on these servers is structured by topics and subtopics. If you intend to cover a specific topic, it is not difficult to find a list of web pages dedicated to it.

A directory of Internet resources or a directory of Internet resources or simply an Internet directory is a structured set of links to sites with a brief description of them.

Search indexes work as alphabetical indexes. The client specifies a word or group of words that characterizes his search area and receives a list of links to web pages containing the specified terms.

The first search engine for the World Wide Web was Wandex, a now-defunct index developed by Matthew Gray of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993.

How does a search index work?

Search indexes automatically, using special programs (web spiders), scan Internet pages and index them, that is, they enter them into their huge database.

Search robot(“web spider”) - a program that is an integral part search engine and designed to crawl Internet pages in order to enter information about them (keywords) into the search engine database. At its core, the spider most closely resembles a regular browser. It scans the contents of the page, uploads it to the server of the search engine to which it belongs and sends it through links to the following pages.

In response to a request where to find the necessary information, the search server returns a list of hyperlinks leading to web pages on which the necessary information is available or mentioned. The list can be of any extent, depending on the content of the request.

http://www.yandex.ru/

Yandex - Russian system search on the web. The company's website, Yandex.ru, was opened on September 23, 1997. The company's head office is located in Moscow. The company has offices in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Odessa and Kyiv. The number of employees exceeds 700 people.

The word “Yandex” (consisting of the letter “Ya” and part of the word index; a play on the fact that the Russian pronoun “Ya” corresponds to the English “I”) was coined by Ilya Segalovich, one of the founders of Yandex, currently serving as the company’s technical director.

Yandex Search allows you to search the RuNet for documents in Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Romanian, English, German and French, taking into account the morphology of Russian and English languages and proximity of words in a sentence. A distinctive feature of Yandex is the ability to fine-tune the search query. This is achieved through a flexible query language.

By default, Yandex displays 10 links on each results page; in the search results settings, you can increase the page size to 20, 30 or 50 found documents.

From time to time, Yandex algorithms responsible for the relevance of search results change, which leads to changes in the results of search queries. In particular, these changes are aimed at combating search spam, which leads to irrelevant results for some queries.

http://www.google.ru/

Internet search engine leader Google occupies more than 70% of the world market. It currently registers about 50 million search queries daily and indexes more than 8 billion web pages. Google can find information in 115 languages.

According to one version, Google is a distorted spelling of the English word googol. "Googol" is a mathematical term for one followed by 100 zeros. The term was coined by Milton Sirotta, nephew of the American mathematician Edward Kasner, and was first described in the book Mathematics and the Imagination by Kasner and James Newman. Google's use of the term reflects the challenge of organizing the vast amounts of information on the Internet.

Google's interface contains a fairly complex query language that allows you to limit your search to specific domains, languages, file types, and so on.

http://www.rambler.ru/

Rambler Media Group is an Internet holding company that includes as services a search engine, a rating classifier of Russian Internet resources, and an information portal.

Rambler was created in 1996.

The Rambler search engine understands and distinguishes between words in Russian, English and Ukrainian. By default, the search is carried out in all forms of the word.

Logos of the largest search engines

Every day we look for various information on the Internet, be it a description of our favorite movie or a report by a prominent scientist. We have long been accustomed to the design of the main pages of the largest search engines - Google and Yandex and visit them dozens of times a day.

Have you often thought about information search rules? I don’t think often (I haven’t thought much about it myself), but I noticed that sometimes finding the information I need takes quite a bit. long time. In this article I will try to talk about ways to reduce search time and increase its effectiveness.

Rules for searching information in search engines

How to reduce search time and improve search results, general recommendations:

• Queries should be simple. If you are looking for a business, simply enter its name, or at least the part of the name that you remember for sure. If you are looking for a specific concept, place or product, start with its title or name. If you are looking for a pizzeria, just enter the word "pizzeria" and the name of your city or postal code. Most queries don't require rare operators or sophisticated syntax. The simpler the better.
• Think about what words are present on the page you are looking for. A search engine is not a person. This is a program that compares the words you type and the words that are on web pages. Use words that are most likely to appear on the page you are looking for. For example, instead of [ I have a headache ] enter [ headache ], because this is the term that will be used on the page dedicated to medicine. Request [in which country are bats considered a good omen? ] understandable to a person, but the document containing the answer may not contain these words. Enter better [bats are considered a good omen in] or even [bats are a good omen], since these words are most likely present on desired page.
• Describe what you need using as few words as possible. Each word in the query serves to narrow and refine the search area. Since all words are used, each additional word limits the range of results. If you enter too many restrictions, you may miss useful information. Start your search with a few keywords. Even if you don't find what you're looking for, review the results you find and you'll know what additional words you should include in your next query to get more relevant results. For example, a simple request [weather Minsk] will give best results than a longer query [weather forecast for Minsk Belarus].
• Choose more informative words. The more descriptive a word is used, the more likely the results are to be relevant. Words like “document,” “website,” “company,” or “information” are usually unnecessary. However, remember that even if you use the right word, but most people rarely use it, the word may not end up on the right page. For example, request [popular ringtones] more informative and specific than [popular ringtones].

Search engine developers have developed special language search queries (a language of unique rules for searching for information), which makes it easier and faster to find information on the Internet. Below I will give examples of the use of expressions of this “language”.

Which search engine to use: Google or Yandex?

When I was inexperienced, I only used one search engine to search. But experience has shown that this approach is ineffective, because each search engine has its own unique patented search algorithm and, accordingly, its own pros and cons. It is much more important to understand for which types of search queries use one or another search engine. Exists following types search queries:

• Navigation queries– these are queries whose purpose is to find a specific places on the Internet. For example, a company website or the website of a recently visited forum, searching for a link to a blog, etc.
• Information requests– such queries are entered if they want to receive some intelligence or find the one you need information on the Internet. For example, searching for history information Ancient Rome or searching for results of a football match, etc.
• Transactional requests- this is a type of request that is entered in order to perform some action on the Internet - a transaction (buy, download, upload, subscribe, etc.)
• Fuzzy queries– these are general, specific queries that, as a rule, enter inexperienced users. For example, “mobile phone”, “music”, “flowers”, etc.

Features of the Google search engine

This search engine is best used for navigation queries or searching for a site address. The algorithm of this search engine pays special attention to the type domain name and link. I have seen several times how, when entering a fuzzy query, the TOP 10 results showed sites that had no content at all. We should also not forget that Google is an international search engine, i.e. best solution to search for information in a foreign language.

Features of the Yandex search system

The domestic search engine is excellent for searching information on the Internet for information queries. It indexes Runet very well, its algorithm has already been refined many times, and it is also optimized for searching information in Russian. It is noteworthy that Yandex also received the status of an international search engine; this happened on May 19, 2010 ().

Yandex search query language

Google Search Language

Results

In this article I reviewed information search rules, i.e. ways to reduce time spent searching various information on the Internet. Absolutely all search engines were not considered here, but if you follow the rules described above, you can save a lot of your personal time. So, basic rules for searching information on the Internet:

1. Do not enter too long search terms - this reduces the search area and you may miss important information.
2. Use informative words, try to avoid common phrases and rarely used synonyms
3. Use different search engines to various types search queries
4. Use specially designed

Searching for information is one of the tasks that every Internet user has to solve.

When starting to search for data on the Internet, it is worth determining search purpose. It is useful to answer the following questions for yourself:

• Do you know the addresses of network resources from which you can start your search?
• What do you already know about the problem you are looking for information about?
• What keywords should you start your search with?
• How much time are you willing to spend searching for the data you need?

There are three main ways to search for information on the Internet:

Method 1: Specifying the page address
This is the most quick way search, but it can only be used if the exact address of the document or the site where the document is located is known.

Method 2: Navigation via hyperlinks
This is the least convenient method, since it can be used to search for documents that are only close in meaning to the current document. But this method is very simple and suitable for a novice user.

Method 3: Accessing a search engine
Special search engines (also called search engines) come to the rescue.
The result of the request is a list of links to Web pages, next to which there are specified text fragments. Most Popular search servers: Yandex (yandex.ru), Google (google.ru) and Rambler (rambler.ru).The query languages ​​of different search engines are somewhat different from each other.
Yandex search engine

• H To find information using the Yandex search engine, open the main page. The line for entering a search query is located at the top of the page, in the area highlighted with a yellow background.