Data input devices. Input devices

Computer composition

The main components of a computer are shown in the figure:

Monitor (display) is designed to display information on the screen. On it we see numerical, textual, graphic information (texts and drawings, heroes of our favorite computer games).

Keyboard designed for entering information (typing texts and numbers), as well as for controlling the computer using special commands (arrow keys used for games, “hot keys”).

Mouse designed to control a computer (contextual, program menu).

System unit- the most “smart” part of the computer. It contains control and storage devices: processor, RAM (internal) memory, floppy and hard magnetic media, power supply. CPU(derived from the English word process- process; do, process) controls all computer devices, executes programs, processes data located in RAM.

Memory The computer is used to store data and is divided into operational ( RAM- random access memory) and permanent storage ( ROM- read-only memory). While the computer is running, all programs and data in use are stored in RAM(RAM). The processor can instantly access data located in RAM. When the computer is turned off, the contents of the RAM are lost because the electrical impulses in the form of which information is stored in the RAM only exist when the computer is turned on. ROM stores instructions that determine how the computer operates when it is turned on. These instructions persist when you turn off your computer. To save the necessary data, they are recorded on external(long-term) memory. Such memory is magnetic disks - disks made of plastic or metal coated with a magnetic substance. Magnetic disks can be flexible or hard.

Hard(HDD) - disks with large capacity, built into the system unit. Flexible(FDD) - external drives, floppy disks. To read them, the system unit has a special device - a disk drive. Using floppy disks you can transfer information from one computer to another. Also used to transfer information optical media - laser discs(CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW).

The computer configuration can be flexibly changed if necessary.

Also, additional, so-called, external or peripheral, devices (devices that have their own control and operate according to processor commands):

- columns; - printer; - scanner; - headphones with microphone; - joystick and others.

All these devices are called computer hardware.

Often computers are connected in networks. For this purpose they are used modem And network devices. By using network devices computers are connected into networks (local and global). Currently, networks have become widespread, which allows information to be transmitted quickly and over fairly long distances, and gives the user access to information resources.

- modem.

Computers are used in school for teaching. They are used not only in computer science lessons in elementary school, but also for teaching high school students such subjects as physics, mathematics, Russian, literature, chemistry, biology, astronomy, and foreign languages. University students also use computers for studying.

Input devices

People know how to enter visual and audio information into computer memory. Devices that help do this are called input devices information.

Let's take a closer look at them.

Devices for entering text information.

The main, and usually necessary, input device text characters and sequences (commands) into the computer is keyboard.

A keyboard is a device that is a set of buttons (keys) designed to control a device or to enter information. A regular keyboard contains 104 keys. As a rule, buttons are pressed with your fingers. Each key corresponds to one or more specific characters. It is possible to increase the number of actions performed on the keyboard using keyboard shortcuts. On keyboards, the keys are often accompanied by stickers depicting the symbols or actions that correspond to the press. There are techniques that allow you to type text without looking at the keyboard, the so-called “touch typing method.” Many modern computer keyboards, in addition to the standard set of one hundred and four keys, are equipped with additional keys (usually of a different size and shape), which are designed to simplify control of some basic computer functions, for example, controlling the sound volume: louder, quieter, turn the sound on or off; CD tray control: eject disc, accept disc; control the audio player: play, pause, stop playback, skip the audio recording forward or backward, go to the next or previous audio recording; control networking opportunities computer: open mail program, open browser, show home page, move forward or backward through the history of visited pages, open search engine; management of the most popular programs: open calculator, open file manager; managing the state of operating system windows: minimize a window, close a window, move to the next or previous window; managing the computer's state: put it in standby mode, put it in hibernation mode, wake up the computer, turn off the computer.

Graphics input devices.

Scanner is a device that allows you to enter images of texts, drawings, slides, photographs or other graphic information into a computer. This is a device that, by analyzing an object (usually an image, text), creates a digital copy of the object’s image. The process of obtaining this copy is called scanning. To recognize scanned text, use special programs.

Graphics tablet(or digitizer, digitizer, from English. A digitizer is a device for entering handwritten drawings directly into a computer. Consists of a pen and a flat tablet that is sensitive to pressure or proximity of the pen. A special mouse may also be included.

Graphic tablets are used to create images on a computer in a way that is as close as possible to how images are created on paper. In addition, they are convenient to use for transferring (rendering) ready-made images to a computer.

Webcam- a digital video or photo camera capable of capturing images in real time for further transmission over the Internet.

Such cameras are used for video conferencing and for depicting city panoramas. Today, there are webcams even in space. The webcam itself is not capable of storing video recording; it is usually connected to a computer on which the necessary software.

Digital video camera- electronic film camera. It takes video information and is equipped with a microphone for recording audio information.

There are cameras for everyday shooting and professional ones.

Digital camera is a type of camera, only the information is presented, processed and stored in the device itself in digital form. Modern cameras allow you to take more than just static pictures. But they also record video information.

Digital cameras come with built-in optics (amateur ones, they are often called “soap cameras”) and with interchangeable optics (professional, SLR).

Audio input devices.

Microphone- an electroacoustic device that converts sound vibrations into electric current vibrations.

Dictaphone- a device for sound recording of speech for the purpose of subsequent dictation and recording of the text of speech by hand on paper. Used to record conversations, lectures, and speeches.

Pointing (coordinate) devices.

Mouse manipulator- one of the pointing input devices that provides a user interface with a computer.

The mouse perceives its movement in the working plane (usually on a section of the table surface) and transmits this information to the computer. A program running on a computer, in response to mouse movement, produces an action on the screen that corresponds to the direction and distance of this movement. Using a mouse, the user controls a special cursor - a pointer - a manipulator of interface elements. The mouse also has additional controls - a scroll wheel, buttons.

Touchpad - touchpad- a pointing input device, most often used in laptops. A touchpad is typically used to control a "pointer" by moving your finger across the surface of the device.

Joystick- information input device electronic device, manipulator. Used to change the position of an interface element, as well as to iterate through list elements. It is one of the standard input means for computers and many mobile phones. Widely used in computer games. It is a lever on the base that can be moved in one, two, three planes. The lever usually contains buttons and switches for various purposes.

Output devices

Output devices are used to retrieve the results of a computer's operation. There are devices for outputting audio and graphic information.

Graphic information output devices.

The main device for outputting graphic information is monitor. A monitor is a device for visually presenting data. The most common types of monitors are: CRT monitors (they work using a cathode ray tube, currently less common, different large size) and LCD monitors (liquid crystal, smaller in size, present moment are used much more often) . CRT monitors have best quality images, but LCD monitors have gained great popularity due to their compactness, light weight and ideal screen plane. An important characteristic of monitors is size (measured by the distance between opposite corners - the diagonal, which is measured in inches). The monitor is also characterized by resolution - the number of pixels horizontally and vertically. (A pixel is the smallest element of a two-dimensional digital image. It is an indivisible object of square or round shape, having a certain color. Pixels are arranged in rows and columns).

The same applies to output devices projectors, which are most often called multimedia. A projector is a lighting device. It projects the image onto a special screen. Currently he is important element conferences, theses defenses, lectures and lessons.

Printer- printing device digital information onto a solid medium, usually paper. The printing process is called printing, and the resulting document is printout or hard copy. Printers are divided into color and black and white (monochrome). There are also dot matrix, inkjet and laser printers. Currently, the most popular and convenient are color string printers and black and white laser printers. Dot matrix printers are considered obsolete, but are used in banks, laboratories, cash desks, where you need to print on multi-layer forms (for example, railway tickets) or you need a second copy printed as a carbon copy.

Plotter(or plotter) a device for automatically drawing with great accuracy drawings, diagrams, complex drawings, maps and other graphic information on paper up to A0 size or tracing paper. Plotters draw images using a stylus (writing block).

Audio output devices.

Audio output devices include speakers And headphones - devices for listening to speech, music or other sound signals. Their main characteristic is the power of sound reproduction.

• Position yourself in front of the computer so that the monitor is 50-70 cm from your eyes.

• Place your feet on the floor, one next to the other, do not pull them up or bend them.

• You need to sit at the computer freely, without tension, without slouching, bending over, or leaning back in your chair.

• Relax your shoulders, lightly touch your torso with your elbows, and place your forearms at the same height as the keyboard.

• Every 5 minutes, try to take your eyes off the monitor and look at something in the distance.

Information is widely used for a wide variety of areas in working with a computer. There are general-purpose devices that are used by almost all PC users, and there are also those specially designed for a particular function. The main and main computer input device is the keyboard, and after it comes the mouse.

Keyboard

Keyboards are devices for entering information into a computer by manual typing. All modern keyboards differ in their design, ergonomics, purpose and number of keys. Keyboards can be connected to the PC in a variety of ways, such as via PS/2 or USB connectors, or via wireless technologies. The design depends on the manufacturer, which takes into account the specific features of the operating system for which the keyboard is being developed. For example, a keyboard for Windows operating system users.

Computer mouse

Computer mice are so-called coordinate input devices. Using such a device, the PC user controls the on-screen cursor, which is transmitted to the monitor by mouse impulses, which makes working with the operating system easier. A mouse typically has two buttons, the left one selects a menu item or icon, and the right one opens a context menu. Modern mice can be equipped with a scroll wheel, which can be used to conveniently flip through pages of documents or websites, as well as open links in new tabs (if you press the wheel). In addition to the scroll wheel, the mouse can be equipped with additional buttons and have an ergonomic shape for ease of use. Computer mice can be optical or mechanical in design. Mechanical mice, as a rule, are already outdated, and they have been replaced by mice with optical pulses or lasers, which increases the accuracy of the cursor on the screen and does not require a special mouse pad for operation.

Laptops and tablets use a touchpad to input information that responds to finger movements and taps, replacing the use of a mouse. Fans of computer games also use a joystick, which is a special game controller.

Microphone

Microphones are electroacoustic input devices that convert sounds into electrical signals. The microphone is connected to the computer sound card using electric cable. The sound card receives the signal from the microphone, converts it into digital form from analog and then saves it as an audio file, the extension of which is determined by the program for processing audio information (for example, the WMA extension).

Graphics input devices

To enter graphic information into a PC, use various devices, created for one or another type of information. Scanners, video cameras and digital cameras transfer complex graphic images, video files or photographs to the computer. You can also use a scanner to recognize text from a book or paper document to convert it into numeric or text file. Webcams are used to transmit video information over the Internet or create small video files.

Devicesfor transferring graphic information to a PChandwritten

To transfer complex graphic information to a computer manually, use graphics tablet, which is a special board-base and a pointer-pen shaped like a ballpoint pen. Using graphics tablets makes it easier to work in specialized graphics programs, such as Corel Draw or Adobe Photoshop.

The PC processor contains ports through which it communicates with external devices I/O

Definition 1

Input devices- These are devices that convert information from a form understandable to humans into a digital form that is perceived by a computer.

Keyboard

The most important and practically an indispensable device input of information into a PC is the keyboard, which is considered one of the main components of a PC.

Definition 2

Keyboard is a device for entering numeric and text information, as well as computer control, which contains a standard set of keys and additional keys– control, function keys, cursor keys and small numeric keypad.

Figure 1.

Pointing (coordinate) input devices

Devices that are used to directly enter information by indicating a command or location for data entry with a cursor on the monitor screen. Using these devices, the user moves the cursor or other program objects across the two-dimensional space of the monitor screen.

Such input devices form a group of manipulators.

Computer mouse

Computer mouse is a traditional input device and allows you to move the cursor across the monitor screen synchronously with moving the mouse on the table.

Using the mouse keys, you can specify one or another type of operation with an object. The main characteristic of a mouse is its resolution, which is measured in dots per inch.

Variety of manipulators lately amazes.

Based on the type of device and method of functioning, mice are classified into:

1. Mechanical - their production has now been discontinued.
2. Optical-mechanical.
3. Optical.
4. Infrared.

Figure 2.

Trackball

Trackball resembles a mouse “in reverse”, i.e. the device itself remains stationary, and the cursor movement is controlled by rotating the ball, which is located at the top of the trackball. At the same time, such control allows you to position the cursor more accurately. Trackballs are used mainly when working with graphics packages, computer-aided design packages, etc.

Figure 3.

Touchpad

Built-in manipulator for laptop PCs, the cursor is moved by touching the touchpad with your fingers. It is an alternative to a mouse in laptops.

Gaming input devices

Joystick

A manipulator for controlling computer games, made in the form of a lever on a stand that can be tilted in two planes. In addition to computer games, it is used in training programs and educational simulators.

Figure 4.

Gamepad

Manipulator for computer games. It is made in the form of a remote control, which is held with two hands and controlled with the thumbs.

Figure 5.

Computer steering wheel

A device that simulates a car steering wheel for playing a car simulator (computer game).

Dance platform

A flat panel input device designed for use in dance games.

Light gun

A device intended for use in television game consoles, which allows you to “shoot” at the TV screen with a “hit-and-miss” result.

Touch input devices

Made in the form of sensitive surfaces, coated with a special layer and connected to the sensor. The cursor is driven by moving your finger across the sensor surface.

Touch screen or touchscreen

Is an integral part of any touch device or equipment. Made in the form of a glass or plastic plate, which is specially attached on top of the monitor screen or built inside the case. Sensors connected to the plate collect information from the surface of the screen. The controller, which comes complete with a touch screen, processes the information received from the sensors and transmits it to the PC.

Usage touch screen autonomous from other input devices. Provides the user high speed control, reliability and resistance to tough external influences.

Figure 6.

Light pen

A type of manipulator for entering graphic data into a PC. Made in the form of a ballpoint pen or pencil, which is connected by a wire to one of the PC I/O ports.

Data input involves touching or drawing lines with a pen on the surface of the monitor screen using a photocell mounted on the end of the pen, which registers changes in screen brightness at a point. Often a light pen comes with a graphics tablet (digitizer).

Used in pocket PCs, design and design systems.

Figure 7.

Graphics tablet (digitizer)

Made in the form of a tablet. It is used for point-by-point coordinate input of images in automatic design systems, in computer graphics, animation and handwritten text on a PC. Can be used to input finished paper images into a PC.

Figure 8.

Other input devices

Scanner

A device for converting graphic data (texts, pictures, slides, photographs, drawings) into digital ones.

They are classified according to the method of moving the reading head and the image relative to each other: manual, roll, flatbed and projection. Slide scanners are a type of projection scanners.

Figure 9.

Digital photo and video cameras

Instead of film, a special memory element is used that stores photo or video data transferred from the lens in the form of an uncompressed or compressed file with subsequent transfer to a PC.

Figure 10.

Microphone

A device for converting sound vibrations into electrical vibrations, connected to the input sound card. Used in telephones, radios, television systems, sound reinforcement and recording systems.

Webcam

The digital photo or video camera is not large size, which is capable of capturing images in real time for subsequent transmission over a computer network.

Figure 11.

The list of devices for inputting information into a PC is not limited to the above elements, the variety of which never ceases to amaze.

Keyboard - computer device input, which is used for typing text and controlling the computer using the keys on the keyboard.
Operating principle
The keyboard keys are connected to a pin matrix. Each key or key combination is assigned its own number (code). There is a separate microprocessor inside the keyboard. Each press of a key closes a contact. In this case, in accordance with the contact matrix, the microprocessor generates a code for the pressed key. This code is stored in a special area (microprocessor buffer) and becomes available for processing software.

Types of keyboards


Some keyboards make a mechanical click when you press a key, while others are silent.

Software support
Anyone's job hardware requires software control. For input devices (output devices), control programs are called DRIVERS.
Almost all peripheral devices currently produced comply with the standard Plug and Play (plug and play), which allows you to automatically configure the device during dialogue with the computer during the boot process.
The keyboard driver is usually supplied with the operating system. This program allows the user to select the alphabet and implement the key layout.

Cursor- special icon on the display screen (dash, arrow, highlighted rectangle, cross, etc.), which marks the place where the character entered from the keyboard will appear, or the designation of the command (program, document) that must be executed.

Key groups
All keys can be divided into several groups:

1. alphanumeric keys;
2. function keys;
3. control keys;
4. cursor control keys;
5. number keys.

In the center are alphanumeric keys, very similar to the keys of a regular typewriter. They have numbers on them, special characters(“!”, “:”, “*”, etc.), letters of the Russian alphabet, Latin letters. Using these keys you will type all kinds of texts, arithmetic expressions, and write down your programs. At the bottom of the keyboard there is a large key without symbols on it - “Space”. "Space" is used to separate words and expressions from each other.
Russian keyboards are bilingual, so their keys have characters from both the Russian and English alphabets. In the Russian language mode, texts are typed in Russian, English - in English.

Alphanumeric keyboard- the main part of the keyboard with the alphanumeric keys on which the symbols are drawn, along with all the closely adjacent control keys.
Alphanumeric keys (typewriter keys occupy the central part of the keyboard. On the left side of the keys are drawn the characters that are typed in the mode English language. On the right are symbols of the Russian language regime.

Function keys F1 – F12, located at the top of the keyboard, are programmed to perform certain actions (functions). So, very often the F1 key is used to call up help.

Use to move the cursor cursor keys, they show arrows pointing up, down, left and right. These keys move the cursor one position in the corresponding direction. The PageUp and PageDown keys allow you to “scroll” the document up and down, and the Home and End keys move the cursor to the beginning and end of the line.

Very often used control (service) keys. They are not collected in one group, but are placed so that they are convenient to press.
The Enter key (sometimes depicted with an arrow) completes a command and causes it to be executed. When typing, serves to complete a paragraph.
Esc key located in top corner keyboards. Usually serves to abandon an action just performed.
Shift keys, Ctrl, Alt correct the actions of other keys.

Number keys– when the indicator is on Num Lock convenient keypad with numbers and symbols arithmetic operations. Arranged like a calculator. If the Num Lock indicator is off, the cursor control mode works.

A keyboard is an electronic device that contains microcircuits and other parts. Therefore, it should be handled with care and precision. Do not allow the keyboard to get dirty with dust, small debris, metal clips, etc. There is no need to hit the keys hard. Finger movements should be light, short and jerky.

Scanner

A scanner is a device for entering graphic information into a computer.

The function of a scanner is to obtain an electronic copy of a document created on paper.

Operating principle
The lamp illuminates the scanned text, the reflected rays fall on a photocell consisting of many photosensitive cells. Each of them, under the influence of light, acquires electric charge. Analog-to-digital converter assigns a numerical value to each cell, and this data is transmitted to the computer.

Types of scanners

Scanners can be hand-held, portable-page, flatbed-office, network (high-speed), wide-format; they can be black and white (up to 64 shades of gray) and color (256 - 16 million colors).
Handheld scanners in appearance they resemble a large “mouse” that the user moves over the scanned image. However, manual movement of the device along the paper and the small size of the scanned area do not provide sufficient speed and require careful joining of individual sections of the image.
Desktop scanners include flatbed, roller (portable page), drum and projection scanners.
The main distinguishing feature of a flatbed scanner is that the scanning head moves relative to the stationary paper. They are simple and easy to use, allowing you to scan images from both separate sheets, and from books and magazines.
With handheld page scanners, the paper moves relative to the scanning head. They are quite compact, but it is unlikely that you can scan a drawing from a book with them. This type of scanner is used to input document pages in formats from business cards to A4, the system automatic feeding paper ensures uniform scanning across the entire width of the sheet.

resolution(optical resolution), that is, the number of recognizable dots (pixels) per inch (measured in ppi - pixels per inch);
scanning speed- performance indicator, which is equal to the time spent processing one line of the image;
scanned sheet dimensions(scan area);
bit width- defines the maximum number of colors or shades of gray that the scanner can perceive.

Mouse manipulator

A “mouse” manipulator is a coordinate device designed to control the mouse cursor (pointer) and enter control information.

With the advent of graphical shells, the mouse became necessary for efficient work on the computer.

Operating principle
A mouse is a small box with buttons. It contains a ball rolling on the surface of the table. Two mutually perpendicular rollers are pressed against the ball, which it rotates. The roller rotation sensors transmit signals to the computer. The “tail” of wires through which signals travel gives the device the name “mouse.” The mouse cursor is controlled by moving the mouse across the table. Control information is entered by clicking the mouse buttons.

Types of mouse-type manipulators
Mice come in one-, two-, and three-button types. They can be connected to the computer by wire or using radio transmitters (wireless). There are optical mice without a ball, equipped with photocells, and optomechanical mice. A type of mouse can be considered a trackball, which can be compared to a mouse that lies on its back with its spherical belly facing up.

Main user characteristics:

number of button presses until it fails;
reaction to hand movement or ballistic effect;
resolution step (resolution);
design and ease of use (ergonomics).

Resolution is measured in dpi (dot per inch - dots per inch). If a mouse has a resolution of 900 dpi and is moved 1 inch (2.53 cm) to the right, then the mouse drive receives information through the microcontroller about a shift of 900 units to the right. Normal mouse resolution is from 200 to 900 dpi.
The ballistic effect is the dependence of the accuracy of mouse positioning on the speed of its movement.

Software support
The mouse driver is supplied with the device. Modern operating systems contain drivers for most manipulators of this type and automatically select the most suitable one when you turn on the computer.

Joystick

Joystick (eng. Joystick = Joy + Stick) is a control device in computer games.
It is a lever on a stand that can be tilted in two planes. The lever may contain various types of triggers and switches. Also, the word “joystick” in everyday life refers to a control lever, for example, in mobile phone.
In Russian, the control handle of industrial mechanisms and vehicles (airplanes, etc.) is never called a joystick (unlike the English joystick).

Light pen

Light pen - (English light pen, also - stylus, English stylus) - one of the tools for entering graphic data into a computer, a type of manipulator.

Externally, it looks like a ballpoint pen or pencil connected by a wire to one of the computer’s I/O ports. Typically, a light pen has one or more buttons that can be pressed by the hand holding the pen. Inputting data using a light pen involves touching or drawing lines with the pen on the surface of the monitor screen. A photocell is installed in the tip of the pen, which registers the change in screen brightness at the point with which the pen comes into contact, due to which the corresponding software calculates the position “indicated” by the pen on the screen and can, depending on the need, interpret it in one way or another, usually as a reference to an object displayed on the screen or as a drawing command. The buttons are used similarly to the buttons of a Mouse-type manipulator - to perform additional operations and enable additional modes.

The light pen was distributed during the spread graphic cards EGA standard, which usually had a connector for connecting a light pen. The light pen cannot be used with regular LCD monitors.

Digitizer

A digitizer (with a light pen) or a graphics tablet (from the English digitizer) is a device for entering handwritten drawings directly into a computer.

Consists of a pen and a flat tablet that is sensitive to pressure or proximity of the pen.

Main user characteristics:

Working area- the working area is usually equal to one of the standard paper formats (A7-A0). The cost is approximately proportional to the area of ​​the tablet. On large tablets work more conveniently.
Permission- tablet resolution is the information reading step. Resolution is measured in dots per inch (dpi). Typical resolution values ​​for modern tablets is several thousand dpi.
Number of degrees of freedom- the number of degrees of freedom describes the number of quasi-continuous characteristics of the relative position of the tablet and the pen. The minimum number of degrees of freedom is 2 (X and Y positions of the projection of the sensitive center of the pen), additional degrees of freedom can include pressure, tilt of the pen relative to the plane of the tablet.

Touchpad

Touchpad (English touchpad - touch pad), touch panel - pointing input device, used most often in laptops.

Operating principle.

The operation of touchpads is based on measuring the capacitance of the finger or measuring the capacitance between the sensors. Capacitive sensors are located along the vertical and horizontal axes of the touchpad, which allows you to determine the position of your finger with the required accuracy.
Since the device operates by measuring capacitance, the touchpad will not work if you move a non-conductive object, such as the base of a pencil, across it. If you use conductive objects, the touchpad will only work if there is sufficient contact area. (Try touching the touchpad with your finger only slightly.) Wet fingers make the touchpad difficult to operate.

Trackpoint

TrackPoint - a coordinate device, is a miniature joystick with a rough top of 5-8 mm, located on the keyboard between the keys and controlled by pressing a finger.

Touch screen

Touch screen - designed to control devices by simply touching the screen.

Touch screens have proven to be the most convenient way human-machine interaction. The use of touch screens has a number of advantages that are not available when using any other input devices: increased reliability, resistance to harsh external influences (including vandalism), and an intuitive interface.
Touch screens are used in payment terminals, information kiosks, trade automation equipment, pocket computers, operator panels in industry.

Operating principle.

The touch screen is a glass structure placed on the surface of the display that displays the navigation system. The required system function is selected by touching the corresponding image on the screen. The touch screen controller processes the coordinates of the touch point and transmits them to the computer. Special software starts the selected function.

12. Types and purpose of information input and output devices.

Keyboard(keyboard) – a traditional device for entering data into a computer.

Joystick is a control stick and is most often used in computer games. Designed to enhance realism during a simulation game of a car, plane, spaceship, etc.

Touch manipulator.

Scanner

Mouse

Light pen

Since the user often needs to enter computer system new information, input devices are also needed.

printer

To obtain information about the results, it is necessary to supplement the computer with output devices that allow them to be presented in a form accessible to human perception. The most common output device is monitor, capable of quickly and efficiently displaying both text and graphic information on its screen.

Microphone is a device for inputting audio information: voice or music.

A plotter, or plotter, is a drawing machine that allows you to draw complex large-sized graphic images with high accuracy and speed: drawings, diagrams, maps, graphs, etc.

Modem

Network card (or LAN card) serves to connect computers within one enterprise, department or premises located at a distance of no more than 150 meters from each other.

13. Types and purpose of peripheral devices of a personal computer.

Peripherals– these are any additional and auxiliary devices that are connected to a PC to expand its functionality. Input devices

(keyboard, mouse, trackball, joystick, scanner, microphone, etc.)

Trackball (trackball)- this is a ball located along with the buttons on the surface of the keyboard (an inverted mouse).

The pointer moves around the screen by rotating the ball.

Touch manipulator. It is a mousepad without a mouse. In this case, the cursor is controlled by simply moving your finger across the mat.

Digitizer (graphics tablet) Allows you to create or copy drawings. The drawing is made on the surface of the digitizer with a special pen or finger. The results of the work are displayed on the monitor screen.

Scanner- a device for entering information into a computer from paper. Scanners come in flatbed, desktop and handheld types.

Mouse- information input device. Converts mechanical movements on the table into an electrical signal transmitted to the computer.

Light pen- you can use it to draw pictures and write handwritten texts, which immediately appear on the screen.

Output devices

(monitor, printer, plotter, speakers, etc.)

Monitor- the main peripheral device for displaying information visible to a computer.

Modem- a device for connecting computers to each other long distances via telephone line. Using a modem you can connect to the Internet.

Printer- a device for displaying information on paper. Printers can be matrix (ink ribbon), inkjet (ink cartridge), laser (cartridge with toner powder).

Microphone-audio information input device: voice or music.

Plotter, or plotter, is a drawing machine that allows you to draw complex large-sized graphic images with high accuracy and speed: drawings, diagrams, maps, graphs, etc.