Cable antenna for receiving digital television. Wireless connection. Antenna made from tin cans

The purpose of television antennas has long been known to everyone - these are devices designed to receive and transmit digital or analog signals to TV equipment. Traditionally, antennas are divided into three types: indoor, outdoor and hybrid, combining features of both types at the same time.

Initially, when television broadcasting was just beginning to develop, and televisions did not have such multifaceted functionality, the quality of the signal (especially at a significant distance from the source) left much to be desired. Passive antennas, serving only as a receiver, could not provide pictures and sound of appropriate quality, which left a strong imprint on the popularization of media technology and television broadcasting in general. It was then that antennas began to be equipped with special amplifiers that greatly increased the quality of the signal entering the TV receiver.

Today, a huge number of companies around the world are developing antennas, but not all of them meet domestic data transmission standards and requirements for perceived frequency ranges. As a purchase recommendation, we have selected seven of the best TV antennas in three main categories that received the highest ratings from consumers.

The selection of devices was made taking into account:

1. Technical specifications
2. Customer reviews
3. Antenna cost (price-quality ratio)
4. Opinions of electronics market experts
5. User voting results

The best indoor antennas for digital television

Indoor antennas operate in the decimeter or meter range, receiving signals at a distance of up to 30 km. Such devices have some limitations on the quality of television waves, and require careful configuration. However, they are compact, inexpensive and can be moved anywhere without special problems. Market leader indoor antennas digital television is considered to be the manufacturer Remo.

5 Remo Inter 2.0

Best desktop antenna
Country: Russia
Average price: 870 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.5

The top four best indoor antennas for digital television are closed by Remo Inter 2.0. The device has a fairly affordable price, while possessing good functionality, which makes it one of the best on the market. The receiver is capable of working with 20 digital, 10 analog and 3 radio signals, unlike competitors that work only with digital. Convenient control antenna will allow you to set the required level of signal amplification and achieve maximum quality.

Among the strengths of this device In reviews, buyers highlight the low cost, excellent design and ease of installation. The antenna housing itself is collapsible, but can be assembled literally in no time. Separately, it should be said about the power and antenna cables - they not only have high-quality insulation, but also the same length, thanks to which the device can be installed in the right place. TO weaknesses This is attributed to not always stable signal reception and low-quality plastic housing.

4 RA-A30

A good indoor antenna with balanced characteristics
Country: China
Average price: 990 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.6

One of the typical representatives of Chinese indoor reception antennas digital signal, showing good results in the picture stability component. Despite the poor-looking “pin”, which strongly resembles the antennas of standard portable tape recorders, the reception quality remains at a high level. The reason for this is a good standard amplifier (with a coefficient of about 28-30 decibels), closed in a sealed plastic case.

As for the aesthetic component, consumers, in general, are satisfied with the external data of the RA-A30, noting only the strong soiling of the front panel. The reliability parameters here are not the most optimal, but for stable operation it is quite enough for several (and with proper care – 5-7) years. Thus, this antenna is an excellent option for those who are looking for an inexpensive solution for the home coupled with good performance parameters.

3 Hyundai H-TAI320

Excellent adaptability to customization of structural elements
Country:
Average price: 680 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.8

Interesting specimen home antenna for analog and digital television, showing generally similar results with models like HARPER ADVB-2120. The closed circuit of the original shape is combined here with two “horn” antennas (articulated with the body), which provides extensive customization options for normal signal reception. By the way, the Hyundai H-TAI320 is capable of operating both in the VHF frequency range (87.5-230 MHz) and in the UHF range (470-862 MHz), and with a sufficient degree of picture quality.

Achieved good quality, primarily due to the presence of a built-in amplifier, the gain of which is a good 30 dB. It is possible to receive digital signals in DVB-T and DVB-T2 formats, as well as FM and DAB. The key advantage of the Hyundai H-TAI320 can be considered the ratio of cost to quality. Having identical performance indicators to competitors, this model has a disproportionately large tuning radius of receiving elements, which is especially important in conditions of concentrated interference.

2 HARPER ADVB-2120

Optimal price-quality ratio
Country: China
Average price: 570 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.8

The second place in the ranking of the best indoor digital television broadcasting antennas goes to the HARPER ADVB-2120. This model has a whole range optimal characteristics, supported by a huge number of complementary reviews from domestic consumers. Wide range of picked up frequencies (from 87.5 to 862 MHz) and the ability to amplify not only digital, but also analog channels(FM, VHF and UHF) enters into a pleasant “synthesis” with original design, thanks to which the antenna can fit into any interior. It is also important that the signal amplifier is powered directly from the receiver or TV, since it does not have an external network adapter. This imposes some restrictions on the use of the antenna (since not all models of digital equipment support direct power supply), but it has a positive effect on its compactness.

The ergonomic characteristics of the HARPER ADVB-2120 are also excellent: the antenna can be easily placed on a plane if there is sufficient free space. Otherwise, the shape of the closed ring makes it possible to simply and without problems hang it on any convenient hook. As a result, taking into account the low cost, all of the above characteristics make this model one of the best in its category.

1 Remo BAS-5310USB Horizon

Best price
Country: Russia
Average price: 850 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.7

The high-quality Remo BAS-5310USB Horizon receiver takes first place in the ranking of the best indoor antennas for digital television. The model has an original appearance, and this is not its only advantage. It has relatively small dimensions and convenient mounting, which allows you to install it directly on the TV. At correct setting the device is capable of receiving waves 21-69 various channels. The antenna has a built-in amplifier, which qualitatively affects the signal level.

In reviews, customers talk about excellent reception quality, convenient connection of the amplifier via USB and the ability to work with reflected signal, like strengths models. The antenna has a fairly durable case that will save the insides in case of a fall. There are no problems connecting the device. The weight of the receiver is only 230 grams. Power is supplied from a 5 volt power supply, which is supplied in the kit. The disadvantages include a short cable and unreliable fastening.

The best outdoor antennas for digital television

Outdoor antennas for digital television have high power, thanks to their special design, and can receive a signal at a distance of up to 50 km. In this case, it is worth considering the presence of large obstacles in the transmission path, which may interfere with the passage of television waves. The devices are capable of receiving signals and greater distance, however, in this case, you should pay attention to models with an amplifier.

5 Remo "Dvina-DX"

Best value for money (signal reception)
Country: Russia
Average price: 510 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.5

The next place in the ranking of the best outdoor antennas for digital television is occupied by Remo "Dvina-DX". Despite its low cost, the device has a decent signal reception level, so it can be used to operate at a distance of about 60 km. For more quality reception digital and analog waves, the model is equipped with an amplifier. The package includes a 12 volt power supply.

Customer reviews include the advantages of this model: good level signal reception, low cost and ease of use. In addition, when developing the antenna, special attention was paid to the quality of the materials used. The supporting rod is made of durable and lightweight aluminum, and the receiving parts are powder coated to prevent premature failure. Powerful mounting bolts will securely fix the structure to the rod. The disadvantages of this antenna include some installation difficulties and the need to independently modernize the separator for better performance.

4 HYUNDAI H-TAE100

The cheapest digital outdoor antenna
Country: South Korea (made in China)
Average price: 520 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.6

A simple and unpretentious outdoor TV antenna to ensure a stable TV signal at short distances (up to 8-10 kilometers) from relay towers. It has the ability to capture not only analog, but also digital signals in DVB-T and DVB-T2 formats, for which it often becomes the first choice of city residents. It has a modest, by market competitiveness standards, gain of only 5 dB. Which, however, is quite enough for comfortable work from high masts.

As a fastening element, the HYUNDAI H-TAE100 is equipped with a bracket with wing nuts, thanks to which the antenna can be easily dismantled without the use of keys or other tools. Judging by consumer reviews, the most controversial characteristic of this model is the reliability parameter, namely resistance to wind loads. This fact quite strictly limits the possible placement height, but is compensated by the cost of the antenna at the level of standard indoor samples.

3 REXANT DVB-T2 RX-411 34-0411

High degree of structural reliability
Country: China
Average price: 1279 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.8

An eight-element outdoor receiver for digital and analogue TV signals, which is a prominent representative middle peasants with an optimal balance of price and quality. The built-in amplifier REXANT DVB-T2 RX-411 34-0411 has a gain of 34 dB, due to which it provides excellent quality pictures even with weak satellite broadcasting. As for the “ground” performance characteristics, for urban realities they are more than reasonable, without claims to outstanding performance. It is advisable to install the model on masts with a total height from the ground to 7 meters. If the antenna is lowered (apartment placement option “near the window”), there is a possibility of encountering the problem of interference, which leads to periodic failure and “shattering” of the picture. From the standpoint of structural reliability, REXANT DVB-T2 RX-411 34-0411 performs very well, and, according to user reviews, can operate properly even in the harshest climatic conditions for 7 years.

2 BBK DA32

The most powerful digital antenna
Country: Japan (made in China)
Average price: 2000 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.9

An outdoor antenna for a TV made in Japan, the main feature of which is excellent signal reception at a distance of up to 50 kilometers from the nearest repeaters. It has an increased gain (32 decibels), which allows it to easily provide adequate picture quality even with a weak signal from satellites. According to user reviews, the BBK DA32 provides excellent functionality in the DVB-T (DVB-T2), ATSC and less sophisticated DSB radio frequencies.

The entire set of “stuffing” of the digital antenna is hidden inside a sealed plastic case, which has good mechanical strength and high shock resistance. It comes complete with a factory-made bracket with universal-type fasteners suitable for any installation conditions. The cost of the BBK DA32 is slightly beyond the segment average, but is fully justified by its performance characteristics and practical functionality.

1 Remo Kolibri-A-DX Deluxe

Popular outdoor antenna
Country: Russia
Average price: 1299 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.9

In first place in the ranking of the best outdoor antennas for digital television is Remo Kolibri-A-DX Deluxe. The device is placed on a special mast for better signal reception. As an addition, an amplifier is provided, which helps to receive channels over longer distances. The model has a successful design, thanks to which it is able to easily perceive a signal even in areas where there is no direct visibility of the source.

In numerous positive reviews Buyers talk about high-quality and stable reception, ease of installation and configuration. At the same time, the metal parts of the antenna are coated with powder paint, which protects them from corrosion and meteorological influences. The kit includes a ready-made cable 6 meters long and an amplifier power supply. Among the disadvantages are the unreliability of the power supply and the inconvenience of adjusting the amplifier.

The best satellite antennas (dishes)

Satellite dishes (or simply dishes) are the most modern of all types of antennas. They boast a wide range of received signals and good quality. However, their cost is an order of magnitude higher than other types.

2 Lans-65 MS6506

Good signal even in bad weather
Country: China
Average price: 2500 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.6

In second place in the ranking of the best satellite dishes model Lans-65 MS6506. This plate has a rather unusual design with parabola geometry and special perforation. This combination allows the antenna to clean itself, which has a positive effect on the quality of the received signal. In addition, perforation significantly reduces the wind load of the entire structure and makes it lighter.

Among the advantages in reviews, buyers point to a pleasant appearance, excellent reception quality and ease of setup. A special powder coating protects the plate from premature failure, and reinforced fastening allows you to smoothly adjust the elevation angle. The disadvantages of using it include periodic signal surges.

1 AUM CTB-0.6 DF - 1.1

Best signal quality for NTV+ and Tricolor TV
Country: Belarus
Average price: 1150 rub.
Rating (2018): 4.7

First place in the ranking of the best satellite dishes occupied by the AUM model CTB-0.6 DF - 1.1. The product from the Belarusian manufacturer is recognized as one of the most suitable for working with NTV+ and Tricolor TV. The device has a good gain, which allows it to function in cities even with dense buildings. A distinctive feature of this antenna is not a round, but an ovoid shape, which was done to improve reception.

In reviews, users talk about high quality manufacturing, low cost and ease of setup. For quick installation, all necessary fasteners are included in the kit. If necessary, the standard rod can be easily replaced with a longer one to improve the quality of reception. The only disadvantages include poor quality packaging of additional components.

How to choose good antenna

The choice of television antennas, like many other devices, is accompanied by some nuances that should be discussed in advance. We strongly recommend that you pay attention to the following parameters:

Antenna type. Depending on the place of application, antennas are divided into indoor, outdoor and hybrid, which can be placed in both conditions. If the received signal is sufficiently stable and reliable, you can get by with a simple indoor antenna. Otherwise, you should give preference to hybrid or full-fledged street options.

Antenna range. In this case, antennas are divided into two types: broadband and narrowband. The first option is advisable to use when the frequency of television broadcasting is unknown in advance. This option is suitable for thrifty owners, in case new channels appear on television. Narrowband antennas are oriented to a specific frequency and it is impossible to adjust them to other bands without losing the current one.

Signal amplification. This function is inherent exclusively active antennas, the design of which provides for the presence additional module. This design option is suitable when the received signal requires amplification to generate a clear and high-quality image on the TV screen.

Directivity of antennas. A simple and unpretentious way to improve signal quality by shifting the radiation pattern allows antennas to provide focused reception only at a strictly defined azimuth. This effect allows you to avoid interference caused by the reflection of various signals from the walls of residential buildings and other “initiating” objects.

Antenna internal resistance. It is very important that this parameter matches the resistance of the cable connected to the device. The standard resistance of equipment for receiving a television signal is 75 Ohms, and for a radio signal - 50 Ohms.

Design. The aesthetic side of the issue when purchasing TV antenna also should not be left on the sidelines. Often, a pleasant appearance indirectly affects the improvement of the quality of the signal used, since the correct geometry and rational arrangement of additional elements is reflected in the physical parameters.

Buying a good antenna for your dacha is not always advisable. Especially if she is visited from time to time. The point is not so much the cost, but the fact that after a while it may not be there. Therefore, many people prefer to make an antenna for their dacha themselves. Costs are minimal, quality is good. And the most important point- A TV antenna can be made with your own hands in half an hour or an hour and then, if necessary, can be easily repeated...

Digital television in the DVB-T2 format is transmitted in the UHF range, and either there is a digital signal or there is not. If the signal is received, the picture is of good quality. Due to this. any type is suitable for receiving digital television decimeter antenna. Many radio amateurs are familiar with the TV antenna, which is called “zigzag” or “figure eight”. This DIY TV antenna can be assembled literally in a matter of minutes.

To reduce the amount of interference, a reflector is placed behind the antenna. The distance between the antenna and the reflector is selected experimentally - according to the “purity” of the picture
You can attach foil to the glass and get a good signal...
Copper tube or wire is the best option; it bends well and is easy to bend.

It is very simple to make; the material is any conductive metal: tube, rod, wire, strip, corner. Despite its simplicity, she accepts it well. It looks like two squares (rhombuses) connected to each other. In the original, there is a reflector behind the square - for more confident reception signal. But he is needed more for analog signals. To receive digital television, you can do without it or install it later if the reception is too weak.

Materials

Copper or aluminum wire with a diameter of 2-5 mm is optimal for this homemade TV antenna. In this case, everything can be done in literally an hour. You can also use a tube, corner, strip of copper or aluminum, but you will need some kind of device to bend the frames the desired shape. The wire can be bent with a hammer, securing it in a vice.

You will also need a coaxial antenna cable of the required length, a plug suitable for the connector on your TV, and some kind of mount for the antenna itself. The cable can be taken with a resistance of 75 Ohms and 50 Ohms (the second option is worse). If you are making a TV antenna with your own hands for installation on the street, pay attention to the quality of the insulation.

The mounting depends on where you are going to hang your homemade antenna for digital television. On the upper floors, you can try to use it as a home decoration and hang it on curtains. Then you need large pins. At the dacha or if you take a homemade TV antenna to the roof, you will need to attach it to a pole. For this case, look for suitable fasteners. To work, you will also need a soldering iron, sandpaper and/or file, and a needle file.

Do you need a calculation?

To receive a digital signal, there is no need to count the wavelength. It is simply advisable to make the antenna more broadband in order to receive as many signals as possible. To do this, some changes were made to the original design (pictured above) (further in the text).

If you wish, you can make a calculation. To do this, you need to find out what wavelength the signal is broadcast on, divide by 4 and get the required side of the square. To obtain the required distance between the two parts of the antenna, make the outer sides of the diamonds slightly longer and the inner ones shorter.

Drawing of a figure-of-eight antenna for receiving digital TV

• The length of the “inner” side of the rectangle (B2) is 13 cm,
• “external” (B1) - 14 cm.

Due to the difference in lengths, a distance is formed between the squares (they should not be connected). The two extreme sections are made 1 cm longer so that you can fold the loop to which the coaxial antenna cable is soldered.

Making a frame

If you count all the lengths, you get 112 cm. Cut off the wire or whatever material you have, take pliers and a ruler, and start bending. The angles should be 90° or so. You can make a little mistake with the lengths of the sides - this is not fatal. It turns out like this:

• The first section is 13 cm + 1 cm per loop. The loop can be bent immediately.
• Two sections of 14 cm each.
• Two 13 cm each, but with a turn in the opposite direction - this is the point of inflection onto the second square.
• Again two 14 cm each.
• The last one is 13 cm + 1 cm per loop.

The antenna frame itself is ready. If everything was done correctly, there will be a distance of 1.5-2 cm between the two halves in the middle. There may be small discrepancies. Next, we clean the loops and the bend point to bare metal (treat it with fine-grain sandpaper), and tin it. Connect the two loops and crimp them with pliers to hold them tightly.

Cable preparation

We take the antenna cable and carefully clean it. How to do this is shown in step by step photo. The cable must be stripped on both sides. One edge will be attached to the antenna. Here we strip it so that the wire sticks out 2 cm. If it turns out more, the excess (later) can be cut off. Twist the screen (foil) and braid into a bundle. It turned out to be two conductors. One is the central monocore of the cable, the second is twisted from many braided wires. Both are needed and need to be tinned.

We solder the plug to the second edge. A length of 1 cm or so is sufficient here. Also form two conductors and tin them.

Wipe the plug in the places where we will solder with alcohol or solvent, and clean it with emery (you can use a needle file). Place the plastic part of the plug on the cable, now you can start soldering. We solder a monocore to the central output of the plug, and a multicore twist to the side output. The last thing is to crimp the grip around the insulation.

Then you can simply screw on the plastic tip and fill it with glue or non-conductive sealant (this is important). While the glue/sealant has not hardened, quickly assemble the plug (screw on the plastic part) and remove the excess compound. So the plug will be almost eternal.

DIY DVB-T2 TV antenna: assembly

Now all that remains is to connect the cable and the frame. Since we were not tied to a specific channel, we will solder the cable to the middle point. This will increase the broadband of the antenna - more channels will be received. Therefore, we solder the second cut end of the cable to the two sides in the middle (those that were stripped and tinned). Another difference from the “original version” is that the cable does not need to be routed around the frame and soldered at the bottom. This will also expand the reception range.

The assembled antenna can be checked. If the reception is normal, you can finish the assembly - fill the solder joints with sealant. If the reception is poor, try first to find a place where the fishing is better. If there are no positive changes, you can try replacing the cable. To simplify the experiment, you can use regular telephone noodles. It costs a penny. Solder the plug and frame to it. Try it with her. If it catches better, it’s a bad cable. In principle, you can work on “noodles”, but not for long - they will quickly become unusable. It is better, of course, to install a normal antenna cable.

To protect the junction of the cable and the antenna frame from atmospheric influences, the soldering points can be wrapped with ordinary electrical tape. But this method is unreliable. If you remember, you can put on several heat-shrinkable tubes before soldering to insulate them. But the most reliable way- fill everything with glue or sealant (they should not conduct current). As a “case” you can use lids for 5-6 liter water cylinders, ordinary plastic lids for jars, etc. We make indentations in the right places - so that the frame “sits” in them, do not forget about the cable outlet. Fill it with a sealing compound and wait until it sets. That's it, your DIY TV antenna for receiving digital television is ready.

Homemade double and triple square antenna

This is a narrowband antenna, which is used if you need to receive a weak signal. It can even help if a weaker signal is “clogged” by a stronger one. The only drawback is that you need precise orientation to the source. The same design can be made to receive digital television.

You can also make five frames - for a more confident reception
It is not advisable to paint or varnish - reception deteriorates. This is only possible in close proximity to the transmitter

The advantages of this design are that reception will be reliable even at a considerable distance from the repeater. You just need to specifically find out the broadcast frequency, maintain the dimensions of the frames and the matching device.

Construction and materials

It is made from tubes or wire:

• 1-5 TV channel MV range - tubes (copper, brass, aluminum) with a diameter of 10-20 mm;
• 6-12 TV channel MV range - tubes (copper, brass, aluminum) 8-15 mm;
• UHF range - copper or brass wire with a diameter of 3-6 mm.

Antenna double square consists of two frames connected by two arrows - upper and lower. The smaller frame is a vibrator, the larger one is a reflector. An antenna consisting of three frames gives a higher gain. The third, smallest square is called the director.

The upper boom connects the middle of the frames and can be made of metal. The lower one is made of insulating material (textolite, gettinax, wooden plank). The frames must be installed so that their centers (the points of intersection of the diagonals) are on the same straight line. And this straight line should be directed towards the transmitter.

The active frame - the vibrator - has an open circuit. Its ends are screwed to a textolite plate measuring 30*60 mm. If the frames are made from a tube, the edges are flattened, holes are made in them and the lower arrow is attached through them.

The mast for this antenna must be wooden. At least the upper part of it. Moreover, the wooden part should start at a distance of at least 1.5 meters from the level of the antenna frames.

Dimensions

All dimensions for making this TV antenna with your own hands are given in the tables. The first table is for the meter range, the second is for the decimeter range.

In three-frame antennas, the distance between the ends of the vibrator (middle) frame is larger - 50 mm. Other sizes are given in the tables.

Connecting an active frame (vibrator) via a short-circuited cable

Since the frame is a symmetrical device, and it must be connected to an asymmetrical coaxial antenna cable, a matching device is required. In this case, a balancing short-circuited loop is usually used. It is made from pieces antenna cable. The right segment is called the “loop”, the left one is called the “feeder”. A cable is attached to the junction of the feeder and the cable, which goes to the TV. The length of the segments is selected based on the wavelength of the received signal (see table).

A short piece of wire (loop) is cut at one end by removing the aluminum screen and twisting the braid into a tight bundle. Its central conductor can be cut down to insulation, since it does not matter. The feeder is also cut. Here, too, the aluminum screen is removed and the braid is twisted into a bundle, but the central conductor remains.

Further assembly proceeds like this:

• The braid of the cable and the central conductor of the feeder are soldered to the left end of the active frame (vibrator).
• The feeder braid is soldered to the right end of the vibrator.
• The lower end of the cable (braid) is connected to the feeder braid using a rigid metal jumper (you can use wire, just make sure there is good contact with the braid). In addition to the electrical connection, it also sets the distance between sections of the matching device. Instead of a metal jumper, you can twist the braid of the lower part of the cable into a bundle (remove the insulation in this area, remove the screen, roll it into a bundle). To ensure good contact Solder the bundles together with low-melting solder.
• The cable pieces must be parallel. The distance between them is about 50 mm (some deviations are possible). To fix the distance, clamps made of dielectric material are used. You can also attach a matching device to a textolite plate, for example.
• The cable going to the TV is soldered to the bottom of the feeder. Braid is connected to braid, center conductor to center conductor. To reduce the number of connections, the feeder and cable to the TV can be made single. Only in the place where the feeder should end must the insulation be removed so that the jumper can be installed.

This matching device allows you to get rid of noise, blurry contours, and a second blurry image. It is especially useful at a great distance from the transmitter, when the signal is clogged with interference.

Another variation of the triple square

In order not to connect a short-circuited loop, the triple square antenna vibrator is made elongated. In this case, you can connect the cable directly to the frame as shown in the figure. Only the height at which the antenna wire is soldered is determined in each case individually. After the antenna is assembled, “testing” is carried out. Connect the cable to the TV, move the central conductor and braid up/down, achieving best image. In the position where the picture will be clearest, the antenna cable branches are soldered, and the soldering points are insulated. The position can be any - from the bottom jumper to the transition point to the frame.

Sometimes one antenna does not give the desired effect. The signal turns out to be a weak image - black and white. In this case, the standard solution is to install a television signal amplifier.

The simplest antenna for a summer residence is made from metal cans

To make this television antenna, in addition to the cable, you will only need two aluminum or tin cans and a piece of wooden plank or plastic pipe. Cans must be metal. You can take aluminum beer beers, or you can take tin ones. The main condition is that the walls are smooth (not ribbed).

The jars are washed and dried. The end of the coaxial wire is cut - by twisting the braided strands and clearing the central core of insulation, two conductors are obtained. They are attached to banks. If you know how, you can solder it. No - take two small self-tapping screws with flat heads (you can use “fleas” for drywall), twist a loop at the ends of the conductors, thread a self-tapping screw with a washer installed on it through it, and screw it to the can. Just before this you need to clean the metal of the can by removing the deposits using fine-grain sandpaper.

The cans are secured to the bar. The distance between them is selected individually - according to best picture. You shouldn’t hope for a miracle - there will be one or two channels in normal quality, but maybe not... It depends on the position of the repeater, the “cleanliness” of the corridor, how correctly the antenna is oriented... But as a way out in an emergency, this is an excellent option.

A simple Wi-Fi antenna made from a metal can

An antenna for receiving a Wi-Fi signal can also be made from improvised means - from a tin can. This DIY TV antenna can be assembled in half an hour. This is if you do everything slowly. The jar should be made of metal, with smooth walls. Tall and narrow canning jars work great. If you will be installing a homemade antenna on the street, find a jar with a plastic lid (as in the photo). The cable is an antenna, coaxial, with a resistance of 75 Ohms.

In addition to the can and cable, you will also need:

• radio frequency connector RF-N;
• a piece of copper or brass wire with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 40 mm;
• cable with a socket suitable for a Wi-Fi card or adapter.

Wi-Fi transmitters operate at a frequency of 2.4 GHz with a wavelength of 124 mm. So, it is advisable to choose a jar such that its height is at least 3/4 of the wavelength. For this case, it is better that it be more than 93 mm. The diameter of the can should be as close as possible to half the wavelength - 62 mm for a given channel. There may be some deviations, but the closer to the ideal, the better.

Dimensions and assembly

When assembling, a hole is made in the jar. It must be placed strictly at the desired point. Then the signal will be amplified several times. It depends on the diameter of the selected jar. All parameters are shown in the table. You measure the exact diameter of your can, find the right stitch, and have all the right dimensions.

The procedure is as follows:

You can do without an RF connector, but with it everything is much simpler - it’s easier to position the emitter vertically upward, connect the cable going to the router or Wi-Fi card.

Today, digital signals have begun to be used for broadcasting television signals. DVB-T standard. To receive broadcasts on analog TVs, you can make an antenna for digital TV with your own hands, which is connected to a special set-top box that converts the signal.

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Requirements for a digital packet television antenna

To ensure signal reception and transmission to the amplifier, the antenna must meet the following requirements:

1. The collecting elements must be located along the axis of the waves coming from the transmitter.
2. Have protection against interference with a frequency close to the television signal. Sources of interference can be other radio signals, interference from operating electric motors and generators.
3. The antenna design should minimize signal power loss during transmission.
4. The antenna circuit must be oriented according to the type of polarization.

Types of TV antennas

Antennas for receiving television signals are divided into several types, differing in the frequencies of the received signals.

The following types are widespread:

1. An all-wave antenna that can receive digital and analog signals. The reception distance of analog signals is not large and does not exceed the line-of-sight range of a television tower.
2. Log-periodic antenna capable of receiving meter and decimeter waves.
3. A decimeter antenna designed to receive only short waves.

The author of the video, Dmitry, will talk about making a simple antenna for digital TV.

How to find out the initial data for calculating an antenna

The key parameter on which the quality of digital signal reception depends is the wavelength of the radiation. Based on this length, select overall dimensions antenna whiskers. To determine the wavelength, a calculation is used using the formula λ=300/F, where F is equal to the frequency of the transmitted signal in MHz. This parameter is publicly available and can be easily installed through any Internet search engine.

Made from a cardboard box

The simplest version of a home antenna, which you can quickly make yourself using available materials, is a device based on a cardboard shoe box.

For production you will need:

• food grade aluminum foil;
• a length of standard coaxial cable;
• masking or stationery tape;
• a tube of quick-drying glue, for example, rubber “Moment”.

The manufacture of the antenna is as follows:

1. Cut the foil to the shape of the bottom of the box. Lubricate the box with glue and stick the foil, smoothing it evenly along the bottom.
2. Cut two pieces of coaxial cable 500 mm long.
3. Remove the cable shielding insulation from each end to a distance of no more than 25 mm.
4. Move the screen and twist it into a separate core.
5. Bend each segment into a circle shape.
6. Secure the pieces on the outside of the box lid in the shape of a number 8 using tape. The ends of the cable should be directed towards the center of the figure eight and located at a distance of at least 10 mm from each other.
7. At a length of about 100 mm, strip the outer insulation of the cable that will connect the antenna to the receiver.
8. Twist the screen into a separate core.
9. Gradually remove the insulation of the central conductor until a section of bare wire with a length of about 95-100 mm is obtained.
10. Pierce the bottom of the box along with the foil and insert the cable inside.
11. Lead the wire through the cover and run it along the contour of one of the parts of the “eight” to the central part. Secure the cable.
12. Connect three braid strands together. Then fasten the three terminals of the central wire. Re-secure the knot with tape.
13. Install the plug on the opposite end of the coaxial cable.
14. Place the antenna in the place of best reception, which is determined experimentally.

If everything is done correctly, the antenna will allow you to receive the main television channels in DVB T2 format. The photo below shows the main stages of antenna manufacturing.

Covering the bottom with foil Laying rings on the lid Main cable supply Connection of conductors

How to make an all-wave antenna

Those who want to save on purchases can make an antenna for receiving a digital signal themselves by choosing one of the designs described below.

From coaxial cable

The simplest antenna design can be considered a piece of coaxial cable 2-3 m long, which has a plug at one end. The free end is cleared of the outer layer of insulation, the screen is woven into a separate conductor and taken to the side. Then the insulation of the central wire is cut off in small pieces. After this, the wire is placed on a window or windowsill, selecting a suitable location experimentally.

It should be noted that this design is only effective at a range of reliable reception, where the singal is quite powerful. If you are far away from the repeater or the receiver is located in a densely built area, it is necessary to use other antenna designs.

Of two petals

This version of the TV antenna is made from a pair of small metal plates shaped like an isosceles triangle and two wooden or plastic slats. Copper wire with a diameter of 2-4 mm is stretched between these elements.

Lobe antenna circuit

The pitch of fastening the wire on the slats is 25-30 mm. The triangular bases are connected to each other by soldering at a distance of 10 mm from each other, the wire is also soldered to the triangles. To connect to the television receiver, a coaxial cable RK75 is used. The wire screen is connected to the rail (the place is indicated by a yellow dot), and the central wire is connected to the junction of the triangles. In areas of poor reception, it is recommended to use the antenna in conjunction with an amplifier.

Butterfly

For more stable signal reception terrestrial television A butterfly antenna is used. Homemade device A similar design can be used at home and in the country. It will provide good reception quality only with a stable broadcast signal.

To make a receiving device you will need materials and tools from the list:

• a board with a length of at least 600 mm and a width of about 70 mm, the thickness can be any, but preferably 15-20 mm;
• single-core copper wire with a conductor diameter of at least 4 mm;
• wood or metal screws and washers;
• coaxial cable RK75;
• plug connector for antenna;
• roulette;
• side cutters;
• Phillips screwdriver;
• wire stripper;
• soldering iron with a power of 40-60 W;
• solder and flux for soldering.

A do-it-yourself digital TV antenna is assembled as follows:

1. Mark the board that will serve as the antenna frame in accordance with the schematic drawing below. The distance between the vertical rows of holes is 25 mm. The holes are located on same distance from the edges of the board.
2. Cut the wire into 8 pieces of 375 mm and two pieces of 220 mm.
3. Remove approximately 25mm of insulation from the center of each long piece.
4. Bend the cables into a V shape with equal lengths. The distance between the ends should be 75 mm.
5. Install the V-shaped sections on the board using self-tapping screws. For tight fixation, washers should be placed under the heads of the screws.
6. Before tightening the screws, install additional short connectors. On short wires, it is necessary to remove the insulation at the points of contact with the V-shaped conductors.
7. Connect the coaxial cable to the bottom row of screws. The installation diagram is shown below.

Can antenna with protective cover

How to make a log periodic antenna

To make the frame of such a device, the following are used:

• aluminum U-shaped profile with a side height of about 15 mm;
• studs with a suitable diameter and length or smooth tubes and rods are used as antenna whiskers;
• a small piece of aluminum tube with a diameter of 10-15 mm, which is used as a support.

Manufacturing sequence simplest antenna looks like this:

1. Flatten the tube at both ends and bend it into a U shape. One flattened end should be attached to the U-shaped profile using self-tapping screws.
2. Make pairs of antenna whiskers with lengths of 70, 85, 100, 120, 140 and 170 mm. Cut a thread on one side.
3. Drill holes in the U-shaped profile to install the mustache. The distances between the holes are indicated in the diagram.
4. Screw a nut onto each whisker and install the assembled part into the hole of the U-shaped profile.
5. Secure the mustache inside the profile using nuts. Place a connecting terminal under each nut, which can be factory-made or homemade from a copper conductor.
6. Solder the mustache outputs in a certain sequence (shown in the diagram).

Ring antenna diagram: 1 - ring, 2 - additional loop, 3 - main cable

In the form of a frame

Another option is a frame structure called a Kharchenko antenna, made of thick copper wire with a diameter of 30-4 mm.

The antenna assembly looks like this:

1. Cut the wire 112 cm long.
2. Strip and tin the ends of the wire that will be bent into loops.
3. Bend it in the form of two rectangles in the following sequence - a 10 mm fixation loop, then a 130 mm long rib, then two 140 mm long ribs, two 130 mm long, two 140 mm long, the last rib is 130 mm long and ends with a loop that The last 10 mm of wire goes away.
4. Connect the loops at the ends and solder the joint.
5. Move this angle apart from the opposite one by 20 mm (shown in the photo below). Tin the wire located opposite the joint of the loops.
6. Strip the coaxial cable 20 mm for the screen and 10 mm for the central core.
7. Solder the leads to the tinned corners on the frame.
8. Make a central body from a plastic cap of a suitable size.
9. Place the squares of the frame with the cable into the housing and fill it with hot glue. After the glue has hardened, install the antenna in the place of best signal reception.

To calculate the parameters of the Kharchenko antenna, there are specialized online calculators that calculate all the product data.

Amplifier based on the MAX2633 circuit

To make an amplifier, you will need three capacitors with a capacity of 1 nF and a resistance with a nominal value of 1 kOhm. To power such a device, a constant voltage of 3 to 5 V is used. The device does not require adjustment, but the degree of amplification is adjusted by setting a resistance of a different value (to reduce the degree of amplification, it is necessary to increase the resistance). Such an amplifier is not broadband and is applicable only for the shortwave range.

For broadband amplification when receiving signals over long distances, transistor devices are used, the circuit diagrams of which are given below.

Amplifier on base common emitter transistor KT368 Amplifier based on the common base of the KT315 transistor Two-transistor amplifier

In progress self-assembly similar devices needs to be produced printed circuit boards with paths. When using wires to connect elements, the amount of interference increases, which will reduce the gain of the device.

For an amplifier based on KT368 you will need resistances and capacitors with the following parameters:

• 100 Ohm (R1 and R4);
• 470 Ohm (R2);
• 51 kOhm (R3);
• 1000 pF (C1);
• 33 pF (C2);
• 15 pF (C4 and C3).

The assembled amplifier is installed as close as possible to the receiver and can be used for any type of antenna. It requires no setup and runs on 9V DC power.

For expansion frequency range Amplifiers built on a common transistor base are used. These devices also do not require additional adjustment of operating parameters.

During the assembly process you will need the following components:

• 51 Ohm (R1);
• 10 kOhm (R2);
• 15 kOhm (R3);
• 1 kOhm (R4);
• The capacitors have the same rating as in a common emitter circuit.

The amplifier circuit uses a choke coil, which is wound from 300 turns of 0.1 mm wire (PEV type) on a ferrite ring.

In the case of a very weak signal, it is possible to use multi-stage circuits operating from direct current with a voltage of 12 V and built on two transistors of the GT311D type.

The amplifier circuit for long-range antennas uses:

• 680 Ohm (R1);
• 75 kOhm (R2);
• 1 kOhm (R3);
• 150 kOhm (R4);
• 100 pF (C1, C2, C4);
• 6800 pF (C3);
• 15 pF (C5);
• 3.3 pF (C6);
• 100 µH (L1);
• 25 µH (L2);
• homemade choke made from 25 turns of PEV2 wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm (L3).

Digital signals have been known to everyone for a long time. All television organizations have switched to the new format. Analogue television devices have moved aside. But despite this, quite a few are in working condition and can last for more than one year. In order for outdated equipment to complete its allotted operational life, it was possible to view digital broadcasting, you will need to connect DVB-T to the TV receiver and catch the wave signals with a zigzag antenna.

For those who want to save their family budget and at the same time get quality television broadcasting, you need to pay attention to the Kharchenko antenna for digital TV with your own hands.

This unique design is known long time, but found myself relatively recently.

Operating principle of an antenna for digital television

After radio communications appeared, the relevance of using an antenna device increased. Since the 60s of the twentieth century, the then recognizable engineer Kharchenko flaunted a design of 2 rhombuses. This device allowed him to catch US airwaves.

This is a double square made of thick copper wire. The squares are connected by open corners to each other; the cable from the TV is connected at this point. To increase directivity, a grid made of material capable of conducting current is mounted at the rear.

Perimeter of squares equal to length wave to which the reception is tuned. The diameter of the wire should be about 12 cm for broadcasting from 1 to 5 TV channels. The design turns out to be far from compact, in the case of assembly for radio communications and meter-wave TV with up to 12 channels.

To make the device lighter, 3 wires of a smaller cross-section were used. Despite this, the size and weight remained impressive.

The antenna in question received its second wind when broadcasting appeared in the UHF range. Most people know rhombuses, triangles and other homemade figures in the form of antenna devices for receiving a signal of decimeter waves. Antennas of this type can be found on balconies and windows of both private houses and multi-storey buildings.

At the beginning of the 2000s, American professor Trevor Marshall came up with a proposal to use this design in Bluetooth networks and Wi-Fi.

The biquad antenna is also an antenna device of a Soviet engineer. This option is created according to the same principles as a regular biquadrat. A distinctive feature is that at the tops of the squares, instead of the corners, there are additional squares.

As for the sizes of these squares, they are identical to the usual ones. This avoids additional calculations. It is enough to use the standard biquadrat calculation.

Let us remind you that the wires in the place where they intersect require insulation from each other.

Required materials and tools

Kharchenko's DIY television antenna for DVB T2 is quite economical. In order to assemble the structure, you will need the following parts:

• Wire;
• Coaxial cable;
• Wooden slats.

As for tools: pliers, hammer, sharp knife. If you plan to attach the antenna device to a wall or other surface, you will most likely need a drill for mounting.

Antenna calculation

Before you start creating the design, you will need to calculate the Kharchenko antenna. This will allow you to collect with maximum accuracy efficient device. Zigzag sizes DVB antennas T2 play a significant role in increasing signal reception.

Since technology has stepped forward, there is now no need to leaf through reference books or look for formulas for calculating dimensions. And even more so, carry out complex mathematical calculations in order to correctly develop a sketch or future drawing.

After this, you receive information: about the required length of the copper wire, its sides, and diameter.

Assembly of Kharchenko antenna for digital TV

Step-by-step instructions that will allow you to quickly assemble a Kharchenko antenna for digital television with your own hands:

1. Determine the polarization and frequency of the wave. The device must be linear.
2. The biquad type zigzag antenna device is made of copper. All elements are located at the corners, with one of them touching. For horizontal type polarization, the figure eight must stand upright. If you do vertical polarization, the structure lies on its side.

1. The side of the square is calculated using a special formula - wavelength, which is divided by four.
2. Imagine the structure, it should be oval in shape, and pulled together in the center across the larger side. The sides do not touch, but are in close proximity to each other.
3. We connect the antenna cable to the approach points on both sides. It will be necessary to block one direction of the diagram; for this, a fetal screen made of copper is mounted; it will be located at a distance of 0.175 from the working wavelength. It should be placed on the cable braid.

As for the reflector, previously it was made of textolite boards that were coated with copper. Today, this component is made from metal plates. It is on this principle that the design for receiving digital television is made. Nothing complicated. Everything you need is at hand.

Antenna testing

The device has been created, it’s time to check the effectiveness of the work done. To test the reception quality of the wave channel, you need to go to the receiver. Turn on the TV and receiver.

Open the main menu of the set-top box, select automatic channel search. On average, this process will only take a few minutes. You can find channels manually, but to do this you will have to enter their frequency. To test Kharchenko’s design for a TV, it’s enough to simply evaluate the quality of the broadcast. If the channels show well, then the job was done correctly.

What to do if interference is visible? Rotate the TV antenna and see if the picture quality improves. Once the optimal location is determined, simply secure the device. Naturally, it should be directed towards the TV tower.

Let's consider the option of how you can catch terrestrial digital television.

The first condition is that in order to receive digital terrestrial television, you must have a TV that supports the new digital format DVB-T2. Then you won't have to buy consoles that cost money.

The second condition is that in order to receive digital terrestrial television, you need any decimeter antenna. This can be either an indoor or outdoor antenna.

Don't be fooled into thinking you need a special digital or some other antenna.

Earlier I told how I made an antenna from a regular radio or TV telescopic antenna.

You can familiarize yourself with this method

In order to find out which channel goes broadcasting in your region is digital television, you need to go to the website of “Digital Terrestrial Television” http://rtrs.rf. Go to the “Contacts” menu tab. In the window that appears, select your county and city.

Then click on the “Find your CCP” button just below. Even lower, a search result will appear in the window, where a phone number will be indicated where you can call and find out the channel number.

Having found out the frequency at which the broadcast is taking place, we find the length of the antenna that we need to make.

The formula for determining the length of the antenna:

Divide 7500 by the broadcast frequency in Megahertz (MHz). The result obtained is rounded to whole centimeters. This will be the length of the antenna that we have to make.

Let's look at the example of Ulyanovsk. The broadcast frequency in Ulyanovsk is 754,000 kilohertz or 754 megahertz.

This means that we will have the following formula: 7500/754 = 9.94 centimeters, after rounding we get the required antenna length - 10 centimeters.

Let's start making the antenna.

We take a piece of coaxial cable, 75 ohm, ordinary television. On one side we clean it. We insert a standard connector.

We step back a couple of centimeters from the edge of the connector and put a mark. This will be the base of the antenna.

We also remove the braid. We don't need her. We also remove the foil.

What remains is the internally insulated cable. That is, we do not reach the metal part. After this, we bend the cleaned part of the cable at an angle of 90°.

The repeater is located approximately twelve kilometers from the antenna site. This distance allows us to receive a signal to the antenna without an amplifier. We will need an amplifier if the distance exceeds fifteen kilometers. It is advisable to point the antenna towards the repeater.

Let's start setting up the TV. Go to the menu " Manual settings" We check the signal level and quality. Let's make sure the signal is good.

If the signal quality on this antenna is poor, try making a more complex, but more efficient antenna, according to THIS article.

Then go to the “Autosearch” menu item. In the next window, select the “Antenna” item, then in the search parameters leave a checkmark in the “Digital channels only” item. Click “Run”.

The search for channels will begin. At the moment, for example, 10 channels are broadcast in the Samara region.

This is how an antenna is made and digital television channels are tuned.

If necessary, you can use the video instructions.