• The best simulator of electronic circuits in Russian. Program for developing and testing circuits

    Program for electrical diagrams is a tool used by engineers to create electronic circuits for the purpose of calculating and testing products at the stages of design, production, and operation. Accurate display of parameters is done using a scale. Each element has its own designation in the form of symbols corresponding to GOST.

    Software for electrical circuits: why do I need it?

    Using electrical diagramming software, you can create precise drawings and then save them to electronic form or print.

    IMPORTANT! Almost all programs for drawing diagrams have ready-made elements in the library, so you don’t have to draw them manually.

    Such programs can be paid or free. The former are characterized by great functionality, their capabilities are much wider. There are even whole automated systems CAD designs that are successfully used by engineers around the world. With the use of programs for drawing diagrams, the work is not only fully automated, but also extremely accurate.

    Free programs are inferior in functionality paid software, however, with their help you can implement projects of initial and medium complexity.

    The software allows you to simplify your work and make it more efficient. We have prepared a list popular programs to create circuits used by professionals around the world. But first, let's figure out what schemes are and what types they come in.

    Programs: what schemes are they intended for?

    The diagram is a graphic type design document. It is placed in the form symbols constituent components of the device and connections between them.

    The diagrams are part of the design documentation set. They contain the data necessary for the design, production, assembly, regulation, and use of the device.

    When are diagrams needed?

    1. Design process. They allow you to determine the structure of the product being developed.
    2. Production process. They provide an opportunity to demonstrate the design. Based on them, it is being developed process, method of installation and control.
    3. Operation process. Using the diagrams, you can determine the cause of the breakdown, correct repair and maintenance.

    Types of schemes according to GOST:

    • kinematic;
    • gas;
    • energy;
    • pneumatic;
    • hydraulic;
    • electrical;
    • combined;
    • optical;
    • divisions;
    • vacuum

    Which program is better to work in?

    There are a huge number of paid and free programs for the development of electrical drawings. The functionality is the same for all, with the exception of advanced features for paid ones.

    Visio

    QElectro Tech

    sPlan

    Visio

    Pros of QElectro Tech

    1. export in png, jpg, bmp or svg format;
    2. checking the functionality of electrical circuits;
    3. It is easy to create electrical wiring diagrams, thanks to the presence of an extensive library; completely in Russian.

    Cons of QElectro Tech

    1. limited functionality;
    2. creating a network diagram of initial and medium complexity.
    • Stages of work

    Simple interface. A collection of figures for assembling electrical circuits is located on the left in the main window. On the right side there is a work area.

    1. Create a new document.
    2. Drag with the mouse to work area the required number of elements to create and simulate the desired result.
    3. Connect the parts together. Connections are automatically converted to horizontal and vertical lines.
    4. Save the file with the qet extension.

    There is a function to build your own elements and save them in the library. The shapes can be used in other projects. Software in Russian. The program is suitable for Linux and Windows.

    sPlan

    A program for building electronic and electrical circuits, drawing boards. When moving elements from the library, they can be snapped to a coordinate grid. The software is simple, but allows you to create drawings and drawings of varying complexity.


    Photo 3 - The process of drawing up a diagram in sPlan

    sPlan's mission is to design and develop electronic circuit diagrams. To simplify the work, the developer has provided an extensive library with geometric designation templates electronic elements. There is a function for creating elements and saving them in the library.

    Stages of work:

    1. Create a new document.
    2. Drag the required elements from the library of elements. Shapes can be grouped, rotated, copied, cut, pasted, and deleted.
    3. Save.

    There aren't that many open-source CAD programs out there at the moment. However, among electronic CAD (EDA) there are some very worthy products. This post will be dedicated to the open-source electronic circuit simulator source code. Qucs is written in C++ using the Qt4 framework. Qucs is cross-platform and released for Linux, Windows and MacOS.

    The development of this CAD system began in 2004 by the Germans Michael Margraf and Stefan Jahn (currently not active). Qucs is currently being developed by an international team, which includes me. The project leaders are Frans Schreuder and Guilherme Torri. Below the cut we will talk about key capabilities our circuit simulator, its advantages and disadvantages compared to analogues.

    The main window of the program is shown in the screenshot. There a resonant amplifier is modeled on field effect transistor and oscillograms of the voltage at the input and output and also the frequency response were obtained.

    As you can see, the interface is intuitive. The central part of the window is occupied by the actual simulated circuit. Components are placed on the diagram by dragging and dropping from the left side of the window. Modeling views and equations are also special components. The principles of editing circuits are described in more detail in the program documentation.

    The Qucs schema file format is XML based and comes with documentation. Therefore the Qucs circuit can be easily generated third party programs. This allows you to create circuit synthesis software that is an extension of Qucs. Proprietary software typically uses binary formats.

    Let's list the main components available in Qucs:

    1. Passive RCL components
    2. Diodes
    3. Bipolar transistors
    4. Field effect transistors (JFET, MOSFET, MESFET and microwave transistors)
    5. Ideal op amps
    6. Coaxial and microstrip lines
    7. Library components: transistors, diodes and microcircuits
    8. File components: subcircuits, spice subcircuits, Verilog components

    The component library uses a proprietary XML-based format. But you can import existing component libraries based on Spice (listed in datasheets for electronic components).

    The following types of simulation are supported:

    1. DC Operating Point Simulation
    2. Frequency Domain Modeling on AC
    3. Modeling transition process in the time domain
    4. S-parameter modeling
    5. Parametric analysis

    Simulation results can be exported to Octave/Matlab and data post-processing can be performed there.

    Qucs is based on a newly developed circuit simulation engine. A distinctive feature of this engine is the built-in ability to simulate S-parameters and SWR, which is important for the analysis of RF circuits. Qucs can convert S-parameters into Y- and Z-parameters.

    The screenshots show an example of S-parameter modeling broadband amplifier high frequency.

    So, a distinctive feature of Qucs is the ability to analyze complex frequency characteristics(CCH), construction of graphs on the complex plane and Smith diagrams, analysis of complex resistances and S-parameters. These capabilities are not available in the proprietary MicroCAP and MultiSim systems, and here Qucs even outperforms commercial software and achieves results unattainable by Spice-based circuit simulators.

    The disadvantage of Qucs is the small number of library components. But this drawback is not an obstacle to use, since Qucs is compatible with the Spice format in which the models are presented electronic components in datasheets. The modeler is also slower than similar Spice-compatible modelers (such as MicroCAP (proprietary) or Ngspice (open-source)).

    We are currently working on the ability to provide the user with a choice of engine for circuit simulation. It will be possible to use the built-in Qucs engine, Ngspice (a Spice-compatible console modeler similar to PSpice) or Xyce (a modeler that supports parallel computing via OpenMPI)

    Now let’s look at the list of innovations in the recent release of Qucs 0.0.18 promising areas in Qucs development:

    1. Improved Verilog compatibility
    2. Porting of the interface to Qt4 continues
    3. Implemented a list of recent open documents in the main menu.
    4. Implemented export of graphs and diagrams to raster and vector formats: PNG, JPEG, PDF, EPS, SVG, PDF+LaTeX. This function is useful when preparing articles and reports containing simulation results
    5. Ability to open a schematic document from a future version of the program.
    6. Fixed bugs related to the modeler freezing under certain conditions.
    7. A synthesis system is being developed active filters for Qucs (expected in version 0.0.19)
    8. Development of interface with other open-source engines for modeling electronic circuits is underway (

    Proteus Professional is a circuit modeling system based on models of electronic components adopted in PSpice. A distinctive feature of the Proteus Professional package is the ability to simulate the operation of programmable devices: microcontrollers, microprocessors, DSPs, etc. Additionally, the Proteus Professional package includes a PCB design system. Proteus Professional can simulate the operation of the following microcontrollers: 8051, ARM7, AVR, Motorola, PIC, Basic Stamp.

    Electronic Lab v2.2 (Three Phase Chains) Program for calculating three-phase electrical circuits

    Electronic Lab (Three phase chains) - A program for calculating three-phase electrical circuits using the symbolic method, has a convenient, intuitive interface. Calculates a three-phase electrical circuit, both with normal and emergency operating modes: when connecting the load with a star - short circuit phases (short circuit), line wire break; when connecting the load with a triangle, there is a break in the load phase, a break in the line wire. Electronic Lab (Three phase chains) -

    CadSoft Eagle 5.6.0

    Cadsoft EAGLE is an excellent all-in-one tool for the full cycle of PCB development, starting with the creation of a circuit diagram and ending with the creation of a printed circuit board and its routing. The Pro version of the program allows you to develop printed circuit boards up to 1600x1600 mm in size (16 layers) with a resolution of up to 1/10000 mm. To do this, the program implements three modules: Schematic Module, Layout Editor, Autorouter. In addition, the program has a fairly large library, which contains large number standard and fairly common components, for example microcontrollers, that is, now there is no need to draw an image of the desired component on the circuit diagram and create a footprint for the printed circuit board.

    D-Navigator v 0.0.106 program for selecting accessories for a cell phone.

    With this program you can find out the accessories that fit your phone, as well as see new products. The program updates the database automatically (Online) via the Internet, you will always be up to date latest news! The program has a convenient Russian menu with icons, flexible settings menu, detection system. Download - D-Navigator v 0.0.106 program for selecting accessories for a cell phone. D-Navigator v 0.0.106 program for selecting accessories for a cell phone. An example of selecting compatible accessories for Nokia 6230i.

    Electronics Workbench Multisim is one of the world's most popular electronic circuit design programs, characterized by a combination of professional capabilities and simplicity, extensibility of functions from a simple desktop system to a network corporate system. This explains the widespread use of this wonderful program both for educational purposes and for industrial production of complex electronic devices. The archive contains the Professionals version, Russian models of op-amps, transistors, microcircuits.

    Electronics Workbench Multisim v8.2.12.SP1 free download.

    Features of Electronics Workbench Multisim v8.2.12 Electronics Workbench Multisim v8.2.12.SP1 - electronic laboratory on your computer at your fingertips! Electronics Workbench Multisim v8.2.12 circuit modeling system is designed for modeling and analysis of electrical circuits. The Electronics Workbench program allows you to simulate analog, digital and digital-to-analog circuits of high complexity. The libraries available in the program include a large set of widely used electronic components.

    Electronic reference book bipolar transistors Transistors v 1.2

    Electronic reference book on bipolar transistors with Russian letter indices (2089 pcs.) and their foreign analogues. Pin layout drawings; sorting by different parameters; saving in a file and printing the parameters of the selected device; the ability to edit and add new transistors to the directory. Each time the program is launched, a backup copy of the database file is created, which will be used if the main database file is lost or damaged. Compression (defragmentation) of a database file, the size of which may unjustifiably grow after work related to writing/deleting data.

    Cadsoft EAGLE 4.11 is a program for the development of printed circuit boards and circuits.

    Cadsoft EAGLE is a comprehensive tool for PCB design, from creating a circuit diagram to creating a printed circuit board and routing it. The Pro version allows you to develop printed circuit boards up to 1600x1600 mm in size (16 layers) with a resolution of up to 1/10000 mm. To do this, the program implements three modules: Schematic Module, Layout Editor, Autorouter. In addition, the EAGLE program has a fairly large library containing many standard and fairly common electronic components, such as microcontrollers, so you will not need to draw an image of the component on the circuit yourself and create a footprint for the printed circuit board.

    Libraries for Splan and Sprint-Layot

    Download >>>>> Library for Splan_5.0 Download >>>>> Library for Splan_4.0 and Splan_4.0_plus Download >>>>> Library for Splan_3.0 Download >>>>> Library for Sprint-Layot

    sPlan 6.0.0.2 Full (rus) - drawing diagrams. Tool for drawing electronic and electrical circuits.

    A simple and convenient tool for drawing electronic and electrical circuits, sPlan 6.0.02, has been updated. The program makes it easy to transfer symbols from a library of elements to a diagram and link them to a coordinate grid. sPlan has many drawing and editing tools that make diagram development convenient and efficient, such as auto-numbering of elements, compiling lists of elements, and others. sPlan contains so many convenient and varied functions that their use is limited only by your desires and needs, you can create a wide variety of drawings and diagrams!

    Navigate discs at the speed of thought. Explorer Lista

    Sometimes you can look at ordinary and familiar things from a different angle and get completely unexpected results. program Windows Explorer It's already been two decades. It would seem that there could be something new in it? It turns out that in a couple of minutes you can make Explorer much more convenient and faster. The object of our attention today will be the Explorer Lista program, developed for Windows XP/2000/2003. You can download it here. After installation and launch, a navigation bar appears in Explorer.

    The times of using drawing boards are long gone; they have been replaced graphic editors, This special programs for drawing electrical circuits. Among them there are both paid applications, and free (we will look at the types of licenses below). We are sure that what we created brief overview will help you choose the most optimal software for the task from a variety of software products. Let's start with the free versions.

    Free

    Before moving on to the description of the programs, we will briefly talk about free licenses, the most common of which are the following:

    • Freeware– the application is not limited in functionality and can be used for personal purposes without a commercial component.
    • Open Source – product with “ open source", which allows you to make changes by adjusting the software to your own tasks. There may be restrictions on commercial use and paid distribution of modifications made.
    • GNU GPL– a license that practically does not impose any restrictions on the user.
    • Public domain– almost identical to the previous version, on this type The license does not apply to copyright protection laws.
    • Ad-supported– the application is fully functional and contains advertisements for other products of the developer or other companies.
    • Donationware– the product is distributed free of charge, but the developer offers to make donations on a voluntary basis for further development project.

    Having gained an understanding of free licenses, you can move on to software distributed under such conditions.

    Microsoft Visio

    This is an easy-to-use, but at the same time very convenient editor. vector graphics, which has a rich functional set. Despite the fact that the main socialization of the program is the visualization of information from MS Office applications, it can be used to view and print radio circuits.

    MS releases three paid versions that differ in functionality and a free version (Viewer), which is integrated into the IE browser and allows you to view files created in the editor. Unfortunately, to edit and create new diagrams you will need to purchase a full-featured product. Note that even in paid versions, among basic templates no set for full creation radio circuits, but it is not difficult to find and install.

    Disadvantages paid version:

    • The functions of editing and creating diagrams are not available, which significantly reduces interest in this product.
    • The program only works with the IE browser, which also creates a lot of inconvenience.

    Compass-Electric

    This software is an application to the CAD system of the Russian developer ASCON. For its operation, the installation of the KOMPAS-3D environment is required. Since this is a domestic product, it fully supports the GOST standards adopted by Russia, and, accordingly, there are no problems with localization.


    The application is intended for designing any types of electrical equipment and creating sets of design documentation for them.

    This is paid software, but the developer gives you 60 days to familiarize yourself with the system, during which time there are no restrictions on functionality. On the official website and on the Internet you can find a lot of video materials that allow you to familiarize yourself with the software product in detail.

    In the reviews, many users note that the system has a lot of shortcomings that the developer is in no hurry to fix.

    Eagle

    This software is a comprehensive environment in which you can create both a schematic diagram and a printed circuit board layout for it. That is, place all the necessary elements on the board and perform tracing. At the same time, it can be performed both automatically and manual mode or by a combination of these two methods.


    The basic set of elements does not contain models of domestic radio components, but their templates can be downloaded on the Internet. The application language is English, but there are localizers that allow you to set the Russian language.

    The application is paid, but the ability to free use with the following functional limitations:

    • The size of the mounting plate cannot exceed 10.0 x 8.0 cm.
    • When routing, only two layers can be manipulated.
    • The editor allows you to work with only one sheet.

    Dip Trace

    This is not separate application, but a whole software package, including:

    • Multifunctional editor for developing circuit diagrams.
    • Application for creating circuit boards.
    • A 3D module that allows you to design housings for devices created in the system.
    • A program for creating and editing components.

    IN free version software package, for non-commercial use, there are minor restrictions:

    • Circuit board no more than 4 layers.
    • No more than one thousand pins from components.

    The program does not provide Russian localization, but it, as well as a description of all functions software product can be found on the web. There are also no problems with the component database; initially there are about 100 thousand of them. On thematic forums you can find component databases created by users, including those for Russian GOSTs.

    1-2-3 scheme

    This is completely free application, allowing you to equip Hager electrical panels with equipment of the same name.


    Functionality programs:

    • Selecting a housing for an electrical panel that meets the standards for the degree of protection. The selection is made from the Hager model range.
    • Complete with protective and switching modular equipment from the same manufacturer. Note that in element base Only models certified in Russia are available.
    • Formation of design documentation (single-line diagram, specification that meets ESKD standards, drawing of appearance).
    • Creating markers for electrical switchboard switching devices.

    The program is completely localized for the Russian language, its only drawback is that the element base contains only the electrical equipment of the developer company.

    Autocad Electrical

    An application based on the well-known CAD system Autocad, created for designing electrical circuits and creating technical documentation for them in accordance with ESKD standards.


    Initially, the database includes over two thousand components, while their graphical symbols meet current Russian and European standards.

    This application is paid, but you have the opportunity to familiarize yourself with it within 30 days. full functionality basic working version.

    Elf

    This software is positioned as an automated workstation (AWS) for electrical designers. The application allows you to quickly and correctly develop almost any drawing for electrical projects linked to the floor plan.

    The functionality of the application includes:

    • Arrangement of UGO when designing electrical networks laid openly, in pipes or special structures.
    • Automatic (from the plan) or rune calculation of the power circuit.
    • Drawing up specifications in accordance with current regulations.
    • Possibility of expanding the element base (UGO).

    The free demo version does not allow you to create or edit projects; you can only view or print them.

    Kicad

    This is a completely free open source software package. This software is positioned as an end-to-end design system. That is, you can develop a circuit diagram, use it to create a circuit board and prepare the documentation necessary for production.


    Features systems:

    • The use of external tracers is allowed for board layout.
    • The program has a built-in printed circuit board calculator; elements can be placed on it automatically or manually.
    • Upon completion of the tracing, the system generates several technology files (for example, for a photoplotter, drilling machine, etc.). If desired, you can add a company logo to the PCB.
    • The system can create layer-by-layer printouts in several popular formats, as well as generate a list of components used in development for order generation.
    • It is possible to export drawings and other documents to pdf formats and dxf.

    Note that many users note that the system interface is poorly thought out, as well as the fact that in order to master the software, you need to thoroughly study the documentation for the program.

    TinyCAD

    Another free and open source application that allows you to create circuit diagram drawings and has functions simple editor vector graphics. The basic set contains forty different component libraries.


     TinyCAD - a simple editor for circuit diagrams

    The program does not provide PCB tracing, but it is possible to export the netlist to third party application. Export is carried out with support for common extensions.

    The application only supports English language, but thanks to the intuitive menu there will be no problems with mastering it.

    Fritzing

    Free project development environment for Arduino based. It is possible to create printed circuit boards (the layout must be done manually, since the auto-routing function is frankly weak).


    It should be noted that the application is “tailored” for quick creation sketches to explain the operating principle of the designed device. For serious work, the application has a too small base of elements and a very simplified diagram.

    123D Circuits

    This is a web application for developing Arduino projects, with the ability to program the device, simulate and analyze its operation. A typical set of elements contains only basic radio components and Arduino modules. If necessary, the user can create new components and add them to the database. It is noteworthy that the developed printed circuit board can be ordered directly from the online service.


    In the free version of the service you cannot create your own projects, but you can view other people’s developments located in open access. For full access to all features, you must subscribe ($12 or $24 per month).

    Note that due to its poor functionality, the virtual development environment is of interest only to beginners. Many of those who used the service drew attention to the fact that the simulation results differed from real indicators.

    XCircuit

    Free multi-platform application (GNU GPL license) for quickly creating circuit diagrams. The functional set is minimal.


    The application language is English, the program does not accept Russian characters. You should also pay attention to the atypical menu, which you need to get used to. In addition, contextual hints are displayed on the status bar. IN basic set elements include UGO only main radio components (the user can create his own elements and add them).

    CADSTAR Express

    This is a demo version of the CAD software of the same name. Functional limitations affected only the number of elements used in the development circuit (up to 50 pieces) and the number of contacts (no more than 300), which is quite sufficient for small amateur radio projects.


    The program consists of a central module, which includes several applications that allow you to develop a circuit, create a board for it and prepare a package of technical documentation.

    The basic set includes more than 20 thousand components; additional libraries can be downloaded from the developer’s website.

    A significant drawback of the system is the lack of support for the Russian language; accordingly, all technical documentation also available online in English.

    QElectroTech

    A simple, convenient and free (FreeWare) application for developing electrical and electronic circuit drawings. The program is a regular editor, no special functions not implemented in it.


    The application language is English, but there is a Russian localization for it.

    Paid applications

    Unlike software distributed via free licenses, commercial programs, as a rule, have much more functionality and are supported by developers. As an example, we will give several such applications.

    sPlan

    A simple editor program for drawing electrical circuits. The application comes with several component libraries that the user can expand as needed. You can work with several projects simultaneously by opening them in separate tabs.


    Drawings made by the program are stored as vector graphics files own format with the extension "spl". Conversion to standard ones is allowed raster formats images. Printing option available large circuits on regular printer A4 format.

    The application is not officially released in Russian localization, but there are programs that allow you to Russify the menu and contextual hints.

    In addition to the paid version, there are two free implementations, Demo and Viewer. In the first one there is no way to save and print the drawn diagram. The second provides only the function of viewing and printing files in the “spl” format.

    Eplan Electric

    Multi-module scalable CAD system for developing electrical projects of varying complexity and automating the process of preparing design documentation. This software package is now positioned as corporate solution, so it will not be of interest to ordinary users, especially if you take into account the cost of the software.

    Target 3001

    A powerful CAD complex that allows you to develop electrical circuits, trace printed circuit boards, and simulate the operation of electronic devices. The online library of components contains more than 36 thousand different elements. This CAD is widely used in Europe for PCB routing.


    The default language is English, it is possible to set the menu in German or French, there is no official Russian localization. Accordingly, all documentation is presented only in English, French or German.

    The cost of the simplest basic version is about 70 euros. For this money, tracing of two layers with 400 pins will be available. The cost of the unlimited version is around 3.6 thousand euros.

    Micro-Cap

    An application for modeling digital, analog and mixed circuits, as well as analyzing their operation. The user can create in the editor electrical circuit and set parameters for analysis. After this, with one click of the mouse, the system will automatically produce necessary calculations and will provide results for you to study.


    The program allows you to establish the dependence of the parameters (values) of elements on temperature regime, illumination, frequency characteristics, etc. If the diagram contains animated elements, for example, LED indicators, then their status will be displayed correctly, depending on the incoming signals. During modeling, it is possible to “connect” virtual measuring instruments to the circuit, as well as monitor the state of various components of the device.

    The cost of the full-featured version is about $4.5 thousand. There is no official Russian localization of the application.

    TurboCAD

    This CAD platform includes many tools for designing various electrical devices. A set of special functions allows you to solve engineering and design problems of any level of complexity.


    Distinctive Features – fine tuning user interface. Lots of reference books, including in Russian. Despite the absence official support Russian language, there are Russifiers for the platform.

    For ordinary users, purchasing a paid version of the program in order to develop electrical circuits for amateur devices will be unprofitable.

    Designer Schematic

    An application for creating electrical circuits using radioelements produced by Digi-Key. The main feature of this system is that the editor can use mechanical design to build circuits.


    Component databases can be checked for compliance at any time and, if necessary, updated directly from the manufacturer’s website.

    The system does not have its own tracer, but the netlist can be loaded into a third-party program.

    It is possible to import files from popular CAD systems.

    The approximate cost of the application is about $300.

    For design and testing simple circuits All you need to do is take a breadboard and start placing the components of interest on it with the ability to quickly replace one or another element. Development boards make it easy to check the circuit for errors before soldering the finished product. But if you have a more complex circuit, or if you need to do some fairly complex signal flow simulations of your design before you start assembling the final device, you'll need software for modeling circuits or simply a simulator.



    The main requirements that most people (especially those new to electronics) have for electronic circuit simulators are ease of use and as low a price as possible, ideally for free. Functionality is also very important.


    Although it's easy to get trial version something like OrCAD PSpice, this software doesn't have all the features available unless you want to shell out the cash to purchase them. Luckily, there is a completely free, fully featured electronic circuit simulation software called Qucs (Quite Universal Circuit Simulator), released under the GPL license. Qucs offers a worthy alternative to other paid circuit simulators. Qucs runs its own software separately from SPICE because SPICE is not licensed for reuse.


    Qucs has most of the components you'll need for professional-level modeling, and the software also has a huge number of various models transistors. The program itself can be found at http://qucs.sourceforge.net/. For more detailed information The Qucs Wikipedia page (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quite_Universal_Circuit_Simulator) lists all available features and also has a FAQ page.


    According to the developers, Qucs is not yet completely finished, and, most likely, functions will be added from time to time, so there may not be a final version, however, today Qucs is already a very functional tool for modeling electronic circuits. GUI user Qucs is well developed and allows you to customize circuits and present simulation results in various types diagrams. The screenshots below confirm this.





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