• Is it possible to install Linux on a flash drive? Installing full Ubuntu on a USB drive

    Dear friends, the topic of today's discussion is installing Ubuntu from a flash drive. Naturally, before the installation itself, you still need to obtain a number of necessary information that will help you complete the job efficiently and without problems. So, what will we learn today:

    • preparatory work;
    • how to create a bootable USB flash drive for further use;
    • actually, how to install Ubuntu from a flash drive.

    As the name of the block implies, we are now considering the preparatory stage. First, we need the flash drive itself, onto which we will write the image a little later. It must have a volume of at least eight gigabytes, as well as the NFTS format. If the last words don’t mean anything to you, don’t worry: the format can be changed anyway, so, in principle, there’s no need to focus too much on this point. If the drive is not new, be sure to format it and check for viruses using antivirus programs and only then take action.

    For Ubuntu installation from a flash drive to be successful, you also need to download the OS image. Otherwise, nothing will work. If you have ever reinstalled the operating system on your own before personal computer, then you should know that it all starts with downloading the necessary system image. Fortunately, they are available for download on the website http://ubuntu.ru/get. Only after this stage will it be possible to move on to the next ones. Please note that downloading may take time. for a long time: It all depends on the speed of your Internet connection. That is, if it is high, then the download will go quickly and vice versa.

    Creating a bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive

    Before you begin, you will need to install additional software on your computer. software. Therefore, the device must have active connection to the Internet. The program is called WinSetupFromUSB and it is available for free download follow the link http://www.winsetupfromusb.com/downloads/. Its installation is similar to the installation process of any other application for a computer or laptop. It is also worth noting that everything further actions are discussed using the example of the Windows operating system.

    Operating system installation

    Preparation

    You can proceed to the last stage, which almost all users are afraid of: how to install Ubuntu from a flash drive. In fact, the worst is already behind us. It will be easier further, as you will see for yourself. To begin with, we recommend that you look in the instructions or on the website of the manufacturer of your device to see how the BIOS is called up on a PC. Most often this is one of the F or Delete keys. But to avoid getting into trouble, it is better to find out this information in advance.

    Installation steps

    Only after this we proceed to the next steps.

    1. We connect the flash drive prepared at the last stage to the computer and turn it off.
    2. Press the power button to turn it back on and quickly press the key to call up the BIOS menu.
    3. Here you will need to change the priority to booting from a flash drive. To do this, go to the Boot tab, then open the item Boot Device Priority and using the navigation keys indicated at the bottom of the page, we put our drive in first place. If you don't know English language, then use a translator. BIOS menu Each computer is different, so there is no one general instruction for changing the boot priority.
    4. When you install the prepared drive in the first place, exit the menu with saving data. Wait while the PC downloads the data.
    5. If you have completed the previous steps correctly, you will see the installation welcome window. In the left block you can select the language, and on the right the installation type: this could be a simple launch of Ubuntu for testing (the system will not be installed, you can just get acquainted with it, for example) and, in fact, full installation. Click on the second option.

    6. Set the required parameters in the next window and click “Continue”.
    7. Now you will need to select the installation type. As stated in the description, the system can be installed either next to an existing one or instead of it. If you need Windows, you can take the first option. If you only want Ubuntu, then choose the second type. Click “Continue”.

    8. In the next window, the user is asked to allocate disk space for the system and files. To do this, move the separator to set the necessary parameters. When you have distributed everything, click “Install now”, and in the dialog box that appears, click “Continue”, knowingly reading the information provided.

    9. After some time, you will see a window called “Who are you?” Write down all the data as you wish (name, password, etc.), then click “Continue”.

    10. Wait for the process to complete. After the computer restarts, the Ubuntu operating system interface will be presented. If you left Windows in the seventh step, then after the reboot you will have to select a system to start. And this will happen every time you turn on the PC.

    Now you can customize the OS to suit your needs: install drivers, write programs, and so on. And also the OS may warn you about the need to download some files for correct operation. These steps are mandatory for proper operation systems.

    Conclusion

    Dear readers, we hope that the installation of Ubuntu from the USB flash drive was successful. Summarizing what was said earlier, we can highlight the main stages of our joint work:

    1. Preparing the flash drive for use.
    2. Create a bootable USB flash drive
    3. Reboot the computer with the drive set as the first boot priority in the BIOS.
    4. Installing the system in ten steps.

    We remind you that all actions are performed at your own peril and risk. Read all messages on your computer carefully to avoid unpleasant situations. Tell us in the comments: did you manage to install Ubuntu on your PC?

    This guide walks you through the installation process Ubuntu Linux step by step. Installing Ubuntu is very easy and quite fast. With the release of each new version Ubuntu developers trying to simplify the system installation process as much as possible. In this guide I will cover complete process installation of Ubuntu, each step is accompanied by a screenshot and description. As a rule, users have the greatest difficulties only with disk partitioning; everything else is no more difficult than installing some program. We will walk through the process of installing Ubuntu on empty hard disk, as well as installation Ubuntu nearby with Windows, that is, the case when you already have an operating system installed Windows system and you want to install Ubuntu next to it.

    1. Burning an iso image to disk - for installation from a CD/DVD.
      Writing an iso image to a USB drive (creating a bootable flash drive) - for installing Ubuntu from a flash drive.
    2. — this item only needs to be completed if you already have Windows installed and want to install Ubuntu next to it.

    This guide walks you through the installation process of Ubuntu 12.04. Other versions of Ubuntu are installed in exactly the same way.
    Updated: Ubuntu 18.04 installs similarly. Feel free to use this guide.

    First of all you download Ubuntu distribution, then write it to the desired media (flash drive or disk). If you want to install Ubuntu next to Windows, then you pre-allocate free disk space. Then you restart your computer, configure the BIOS, and boot from the disk (or flash drive). You can boot either into a LiveCD system (a system that works without installation on the computer directly from the disk) or you can start the installation process without loading the LiveCD system. Let's look at the entire installation process step by step.

    If you are installing Ubuntu for the first time and do not have sufficient experience, then it is highly advisable to do backup copy important data (copy it to another medium). Naturally, this is true if you are not installing Ubuntu on a clean computer.

    Starting the Ubuntu installation

    Let's assume you have already inserted a flash drive or disk and turned on the computer. The installer should start downloading. The following window will appear in front of you (let's call it the splash screen).

    The not-so-informative keyboard icon at the bottom of the splash screen means that if you press any key on the keyboard, then you will be taken to a menu.

    If you do not click anything, then the download will continue and the following window will appear. On the left in the list you can select a language (this language will be used in the LiveCD system) - select Russian. Next you can click the button Try Ubuntu to boot into the LiveCD system and start the installation from there, or immediately press the button Install Ubuntu. I advise you to boot into the LiveCD system, so click the button Try Ubuntu.

    If you press an arbitrary key while the splash screen is displayed, then the language selection menu will be displayed. Use the arrows to select Russian and press Enter.


    A menu will appear in which we select the first item Run Ubuntu without installing it on your computer. Thus, we will boot into the LiveCD system, and from there we will launch the installation. If for some reason the LiveCD system does not start, then you can select the second option and begin the installation immediately.

    When you boot into the LiveCD, you need to double-click on the icon on the desktop Install Ubuntu (Install Ubuntu).

    Language selection and initial settings

    Russian and press the button Continue.

    Continue.

    Disk partitioning

    The first thing we will have to do is select the language future system(Ubuntu installation will take place in the same language). Choose Russian and press the button Continue.

    On the next window, “Preparing to install Ubuntu,” you are asked to check two boxes: “Download updates during installation” and “Install this third-party software.” If you select the “Download updates during installation” option, then during installation all the latest updates will be automatically downloaded from the Internet and installed (as well as localization files). I note that in in this case installation will take longer. If you do not currently have an Internet connection, you can update the system after installation. The second option (check mark) means that you agree that some components will be installed with closed source code(for example MP3 codecs and FLASH). I advise you to check two boxes, then press the button Continue.

    Disk partitioning

    We have come to the stage that causes the most difficulties for beginners - marking hard drive(Winchester). I will try to briefly describe some basic principles of hard drive partitioning.

    Every hard drive can be divided into several parts, these parts are called sections (or partitions). For example, if you use Windows, then you may have only one partition - your C drive, or, for example, the hard drive can be divided into two parts - into two drives C and D (into two partitions).

    Ubuntu Linux must be installed on a separate hard section disk. File Linux system has a specific directory structure. The root of the file system is designated as “/” (slash), all user data is stored in the /home directory (if we draw an analogy with Windows, this is something like the My Documents folder), the bootloader is located in the /boot directory, and so on. And you can put /home on a separate hard drive partition, /boot on another, everything else file system"/" (aka system partition) to the third. In the simplest case, you need to create just one partition on your hard drive for the root “/”. There is also a special type of hard disk partition that Linux uses - a swap partition. A swap partition is an area on the hard drive that Linux can use when it runs out of RAM or you need to dump the operating system (putting the computer into sleep mode - hibernation - hibernate).

    As I already wrote, in the simplest case you only need to create one section. However, it is better to create at least three partitions. The first is the root partition (with a volume somewhere between 30-50GB), the second is the /home partition (the volume is usually taken to the maximum) and the third is the swap partition (the volume is usually taken equal to the amount of RAM). In this guide, I create exactly three sections.

    For reference: 1GB = 1024MB, not 1000MB. For simplicity, during installation, I consider that 1000MB is 1GB, so I indicate the sizes in multiples of 1000. The installer himself adjusts them a little.

    There are three types of partitions: primary, logical and extended. An extended partition is simply a combination of several logical partitions.

    For table MBR partitions There can be only 4 primary partitions for each hard drive (including extended). There can only be one extended section. There can be as many logical ones as you like. Windows is usually already installed on the primary partition, but Linux partitions good to combine into one extended one. To do this, during installation you just need to specify that the type of each partition will be logical, then Ubuntu will automatically place them in one extended partition.

    For table GPT partitions (GUID Partition Table) there is no concept of logical and extended partitions. On disks with a GPT table, only primary partitions are created. You can create 128 partitions on one GPT disk.

    Hard drives in Linux are referred to as sda, sdb, sdc, etc. Each partition on the disk is named sda1, sda2, etc.

    If the disk uses an MBR partition table, then the first four digits are used to designate primary partitions, and the rest are used for logical partitions. For example, you can partition the disk like this:
    sda1 - primary partition with Windows
    sda2 - extended partition:
    - sda5 - logical partition /
    - sda6 - logical partition /home
    - sda7 - logical swap partition

    Each hard drive partition can be formatted with a specific file system. Under Windows, Fat32 or NTFS file systems are usually used. There are several file systems for Linux, but at the time of writing this guide, the best one is Ext4, so I will format all Linux partitions in Ext4.

    Below are two ways to install Ubuntu. The first way is to install Ubuntu on a blank hard drive when you have a completely empty or new hard disk. The second method is to install Ubuntu on a hard drive that already has Windows installed. In the second case, when you start the computer, a menu will appear (GRUB menu), in which you can choose which operating system to launch.

    Installation on a new (clean) hard drive

    Installing Ubuntu on an empty hard drive is one of the easiest, since you don't risk damaging important data or accidentally formatting existing partitions on the drive. If you have a new and empty hard drive that does not contain other operating systems, then the following window will appear in front of you. You can select the first item, then the installer will do everything automatically, but we will select the second item and partition the disk ourselves the way we want. So, select the “Other option” item and press the button Continue.

    A window will appear with a list of disks and partitions. Since there are no partitions on the new hard drive, the list will simply show your hard drive /dev/sda. First of all, we need to create a partition table. Please note that your partition table may already have been created and you can skip this step. Click the button New partition table.

    A warning will appear, click the button Continue.

    A new partition table will be created and the disk layout window will look like the screenshot below. Please note that you can now see the current disk size ( free space). Now we will create three partitions (root /, home and swap. To create new section, click on the inscription “ free space" and press the button Add.

    As I already wrote, we will create three sections. The first will be the root / partition with a size of 30GB, the second home partition will be 218GB and the swap partition will be 2GB in size. When creating partitions, we will specify that all partitions must be logical. The installer will automatically create an Extended (extended) partition and place our three logical partitions in it.

    So, the window for adding a new section has opened in front of us. I specified the partition type as Logical, the size in megabytes is 30000MB. The location of the section was indicated by Home. Ext4 file system and mount point / (root partition). After setting all the settings, press the button OK.

    Now the window with a list of disk partitions will contain our root partition. At the same time, the amount of free space will decrease accordingly. Now let's create a home section. Click on an item in the list free space and then the button Add.

    In the window for creating a new partition, again select the partition type Logical. I allocate maximum space for the size of the home partition, therefore, since I decided to leave 2GB for swap, then we define the size of the home partition as the current free space minus 2GB. In my case it is 218GB. We indicate the location Start, Ext4 file system, and mount point /home.

    The home section will be added to the list of partitions. All that remains is to create a swap partition. Select an item from the list free space and press the button Add.

    In the partition creation window, specify the type again Logical, size 2000MB (all remaining free space), location Start. At point Use as choose: swap partition. There is no need to specify the mount point.

    As a result, we ended up with three partitions on the hard drive. Now we just have to select the device on which the bootloader will be installed (in the “Device for installing the system bootloader” list at the bottom of the window), in our case we select /dev/sda (the bootloader will be installed on our hard drive). In fact, the partitions have not yet been created or formatted; we have only compiled a list of actions for the installer. Please note that the checkmarks in the column Formatting should be opposite the root and home partitions. For the last time, check to see if you have entered everything correctly and click the button Install now.

    Installation next to Windows

    Quite often, users install Ubuntu side by side (in parallel) with Windows. In this case, when you boot your computer, you will be able to choose which system to start. We will assume that you have already allocated enough space on your hard drive to install Ubuntu. If you have not already done this, then follow the instructions described in the article “Preparing a disk in Windows before installing Ubuntu”.

    In my case, I have Windows installed on my laptop, which is located on a 42GB partition and I have allocated 105GB of free space for Ubuntu, plus there is hidden section 1.5GB capacity, where files for Windows recovery(since the laptop was purchased with a pre-installed system).

    So, the installer will automatically detect that you already have Windows installed and offer you several options for installing Ubuntu. Namely: automatic installation next to Windows, complete Windows replacement on Ubuntu and manual installation(manual partitioning of the disk to suit your needs).

    If you select the second option, then all data on the disk will be deleted and as a result one Ubuntu will be installed.

    If you select the first item, then Ubuntu itself will automatically install itself in the free space that you allocated to it (for me it is a 105GB partition). In this case, the disk will be divided into only two partitions: root / and swap. This is what my disk looked like after this installation:

    I advise you to use manual disk partitioning, so select the third item labeled “ Another option"and press the button Continue.

    A window will open showing the structure of your hard drive (or drives, if you have several). It clearly shows disk partitions, their sizes, file systems and occupied space. In the screenshot below you can just see a ~1.5GB partition (recovery partition for Windows), about 40GB is used for Windows and more than 100GB free space, which we left for the Ubuntu installation. Click on the line " free space" and press the button Add.

    The window for creating a new partition will open. First of all, we will create a root partition “/”. Selecting the partition type Logical, I installed the volume ~18GB, location " start", Ext4 file system and mount point "/".

    After adding the root partition, the disk structure will look like this. Click on the line again free space"and press the button Add.

    Now we will create a home partition. I allocated all the available space for it minus 2 gigabytes, which will go to the swap partition. The settings are as follows: partition type “Logical”, size ~93GB, location “start”, file system Ext4 and mount point /home.

    After adding the /home partition, we get the following disk structure. We have just 2GB left for the swap partition. Click on the line " free space" and then the button Add.

    All we have to do is create a swap partition. Select the partition type Logical, set the size equal to the remaining 2GB, location Start and in the “Use as” field set the item “ swap partition", you do not need to select a mount point (the field will be locked).

    As a result, we get the following hard disk structure. And the last thing we should check is the bottom option “Device for installing the system boot loader”. In the drop-down list you must indicate your hard drive (I have /dev/sda, on which we did all the partitioning), the GRUB system boot loader will be installed on it.

    Additional settings

    The system installation process will begin. At the same time, you will be prompted to perform some custom settings. On the first screen you must select the city (country) you are in:

    Next, select the keyboard layout and press the button Continue. I have selected from two lists Russian.

    Next, you must create a primary user.
    In the field " your name» enter your full name.
    In the field " Computer name» specify the name of the computer, for example - my-home-pc.
    In the field " Enter your username» enter your username (small in Latin letters). It is advisable to choose a username that is not very long and simple, and this is what your home directory will be called later (in my case it is /home/yuriy).
    Below you must enter your password and password confirmation. Please note that you will then enter this password when logging into the system, as well as during any administrative system settings (for example, when updating or installing programs).
    Press the button Continue.

    You may then be asked to select a picture for your user (avatar). Since my laptop has a built-in web camera, the installer suggested that I take a photo of myself (button “ Take a photo»).

    Next, the installer prompts you to import accounts from other operating systems. For some reason, it didn’t offer to import data from Windows 7, but usually you can import some user data (for example, bookmarks from Windows), but I’ve never done this. So we just press the button Continue.

    Copying files

    Now it will go further process installation and you will be able to view some presentation of the system (slideshow). The installation will take a few minutes.

    Restarting the computer

    Finally, when the installation is complete, a message will appear asking you to restart your computer. Since I started the installation from a LiveCD system, I am also prompted Continue acquaintance with LiveCD system. Press the button Reboot. Most likely, you will also be asked to remove the flash drive (if the installation was from USB) or remove the disk (or the CD-ROM will open automatically), otherwise when you reboot, you will start auto-booting from the CD/flash drive again.

    First launch

    After the computer restarts, the login window will appear in front of you. You must enter the password (which you provided when installing Ubuntu) and press Enter.

    The Ubuntu desktop will boot. At this point, the Ubuntu installation can be considered complete. After installation, as a rule, a window will immediately pop up asking you to additionally install the system localization files, as well as perform a system update (if this was not done during the installation phase).

    It often happens that when wanting to install an OS, a person is faced with the fact that his disk drive is broken or missing. This problem occurs especially often among laptop owners. But don’t be upset, because there is an alternative - installation from flash driveLinux. To do this, you do not need great programming knowledge, because there are special programs, which will “burn through” Linux image to your flash drive just like a disk. All you have to do is start the installation process.

    So, before how to installLinuxfrom a flash drive, you will need a flash drive with the image recorded on it. If you don't know how to do it, get the whole necessary information V .

    Step 1 – preparationBIOSfor installation

    As an example, consider the installation Linux distribution Mint. In order to installationLinuxMintfrom a flash drive started, you need to configure startup settings.

    We insert the flash drive into the computer, turn it on and at the very beginning, when the screen is black and there is a lot of text, press the F2 button. Depending on the BIOS version and the computer, this may be another button - F10, Delete or Esc.

    We find ourselves in the settings menu and now we need to find the “Boot” item. Again, in different BIOS versions it can be called differently, but be guided by this word. After we have found the autorun menu, a list of priorities appears before our eyes. It contains: hard drive, floppy drive, removable hard disk, USB inputs, etc. Our task is to find a flash drive in this list and put it in 1st place as a priority.

    This is done this way - point the arrows at the name (for example: “USB 40GB DEVICE”) and move it by pressing the F5 and F6 buttons until the flash drive is in 1st place.

    Now the system will launch the flash drive first. Press F10 and confirm the exit by entering the Y (Yes) key and pressing the Enter button.

    Reboot the computer.

    Step 2 - Start the installation process

    After your computer restarts, you will see the startup menu. It is often decorated with various images, so you will know exactly what it is. Press Enter.

    If nothing has changed or something went wrong, restart your computer and review the menu list in detail. Perhaps the recorded image contains not only, but also various programs.

    Step 3 – installation from a flash driveLinux

    All the suffering is over! Already at the beginning of installation you are greeted by a friendly Russian-language interface. Start by selecting your language - select your desired language.

    Next, you need to make sure that the computer has enough free memory on your hard drive, connected to a power source, and connected to the Internet. You can immediately agree that latest updates automatically downloaded during installation.

    Click “Forward”. We get to the menu hard choice disk. In it you can format and split sections, if desired. Specify the partition (disk) in which you want to install the operating system and click the “Install Now” button.

    We get to the section change menu. Here you can increase the amount of memory, change the file system type, format the partition and specify the mount point. We use the “Ext4” file system and set the mount point “/”. If there is no valuable information on the hard drive, it is advisable to format the partition. Click “Install Now”.

    Now we select the country and city of residence so that the system automatically sets the time and other indicators to suit your personal needs. We also indicate the keyboard layout. All you have to do is enter the desired name for your computer, username and password (optional). Click “Forward” and start the installation process.

    After the installation is complete, restart your computer, remove the USB flash drive and wait for the Linux operating system to start.

    Congratulations! Installation completed successfully!

    Distributed on disks. But now the OS can be written to a USB drive. In the case of Linux Mint installation from a flash drive is very similar to booting from a CD or DVD. Mount the image, run the installer and select settings.

    Linux Mint can be installed from a flash drive.


    You can download Linux Mint from the official website of the system.


    Burning an image

    To write an image to media, you need to use additional programs. If you work on Windows, UltraISO, Rufus or UNetbootin utilities are suitable. If you have Linux, use the UNetbootin application or terminal commands.

    Windows

    Creating a bootable Linux flash drives Mint looks like this:

    In other applications, the algorithm is the same: select an ISO file, select a media, burn.

    Linux terminal

    You can mount the image using Linux console commands:


    Download priority

    Now about what you need to install Linux Mint. Installing another program from a flash drive is a simple task. Launch executable file and select settings. But if this is not a regular utility, but an OS, you need to change the boot priority. So that the computer reads the contents of the media when turned on. This will take you to the installer menu, and not to the operating system.


    Installation and selection of parameters

    After launching, you will see a black and green Linux design and the inscription Welcome (this means “Welcome”). To use the distribution:

    1. In the list, go to the line “Start Linux Mint” and press Enter. If there is access to the network, the OS will begin loading. Wait until all data is transferred. Don't break the connection.
    2. The desktop will appear. Look at the interface and some of the functions before installing Linux Mint from a flash drive. On the right there will be a column describing the OS and its capabilities.
    3. If you do something in the “portable” version, the changes will not be saved. Full installation required.
    4. Double-click the Install icon.
    5. Select a language.
    6. Check the "Third Party Software" option. These are various multimedia codecs and drivers. If you don’t install it now, you’ll have to download them manually later. There are no suspicious utilities or malware.
    7. If there is a distribution installed on your computer, the wizard will offer to remove it or install Linux Mint next to it. Bootable USB flash drive will destroy all user data (documents, music, images) if you check the “Erase disk” option. With a parallel installation, you can choose which operating system use. And your files will be saved.
    8. The “Other option” item is intended for experienced users. You can create and edit partitions. Because of incorrect setting problems may arise. If you don't understand this, you need a standard installation.
    9. In the next menu select logical drive, on which you want to download Linux. Use the slider to redistribute disk space. Specify how much memory you “give” to the new OS. Mint itself needs 20–40 gigabytes. But if you plan to store a lot of files and work with multimedia content, allocate more resources to the OS.
    10. The “Where are you?” menu appears. Click on the map or write the name of the city. The system will determine your time zone.
    11. Fill in the “Username”, “Computer name” and “Password” fields. Leaving them empty will not work, since you cannot install Linux Mint from a flash drive without an administrator account.
    12. Check one of the options: “Login automatically” or “Require password”. If you do not want to enter the code every time you start, select the first option. But it's better to leave protection. This way, only those to whom you tell the password will have administrator rights.
    13. The installation will begin. If there are multiple systems on the PC, a list will appear. Click on one of them to enter it after the download is complete. If you do not select an OS, Linux Mint will open.
    14. Don't forget to change in BIOS priority launch.

    Hello! I installed BackBox on the flash drive. I took your advice and found more old version. I tried to hack my Wi-Fi network through a vulnerability in the WPS protocol. It turns out it's not that simple. I feel like I’m collecting absolutely everything as I hack. possible errors, which may occur in this case) Initially, for example, the following arose:

    [!] WARNING: Failed to associate with

    I dealt with it relatively quickly, for this I called deauthentication from the desired network through the aireplay-ng tool in one window, and already launched Reaver in the other. However, after this the following problem arose:

    [+] Sending EAPOL START request
    [!] WARNING: Receive timeout occurred

    This combination could be repeated at least 10 times between pin code selections. Sometimes the following was repeated in exactly the same way:

    [+] Received identity request
    [+] Sending identity response

    But I also solved these problems by setting the values ​​-1 1 in aireplay-ng, after which authentication worked once a second, and these messages no longer appeared endlessly.

    The next error was:

    Warning:detected AP rate limiting, waiting 60 seconds before

    As I understand it, it does not occur by accident; the access point’s protection is triggered when it detects brute-force attempts, resulting in blocking them for a while. A good option there could be a DOS attack on the access point via the mdk3 command. But I physically couldn’t implement it, because I already had aireplay-ng running! They cannot work at the same time! Out of the frying pan and into the fire... But still, here, too, a solution was found to introduce the -L parameter as an addition to the reaver command, due to which the PIN search is sort of forced. And it really worked, the point stopped blocking the search. By the way, I carried out a DOS attack on the point separately. In fact, it’s a very powerful thing; my phone immediately stopped receiving Wi-Fi. I was connected to the network, but the Internet disappeared, even after I stopped flooding the AP with connections from the netbook. I had to reboot the router, after which the Internet started working again. As for PIN hacking, after all this the following problem began to appear:

    WPS transaction failed (code: 0x03), re-trying last pin

    Sometimes 0x02. I can’t figure out anything at all here. On the one hand, if I DO NOT enter the --no-nacks parameter, then the PIN code is not enumerated at all, the system rotates only one in a circle, displaying this error each time. If I add this parameter, then the search for passwords is already underway, but something like this: I tried 5 passwords normally - this error occurs 1-3 times, then again 4-6 passwords, then the error again, and so on. In the end, I didn’t break my network, because at 3.56% this error began to repeat itself forever, without a normal search. Please help if you have any ideas)

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